Maji Maji Giblin, J; Monson, J
2010, Letnik:
20
eBook
This volume reexamines the Maji Maji war of 1905-07 in Tanzania, the largest African rebellion against European colonialism. Contributors provide histories of previously neglected localities and ...groups, and new insight into the use of protective medicines believed to provide invulnerability.
Eliane Kurmann, Dr. phil., studierte an der Universität Fribourg und promovierte am Historischen Seminar der Universität Zürich.
In Europa wird intensiv über den angemessenen Umgang mit afrikanischem ...Kulturgut debattiert – auch über historische Fotografien, die das koloniale Afrikabild mitkonstruierten. In Tansania etablierten sich seit der Unabhängigkeit des Landes 1961 neue und eigenständige Praktiken im Umgang mit materiellem Erbe aus der Kolonialzeit. Ausgehend von den aktuellen Gebrauchsweisen dreier Fotografien aus dem späten 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert zeigt Eliane Kurmann, wie Tansanier_innen koloniale Hinterlassenschaften seit den 1960er Jahren aneignen, umdeuten und in die postkoloniale Geschichtskultur einbinden. Die Studie geht auch den Entstehungskontexten dieser Fotografien und ihren früheren Verwendungen nach und entschlüsselt die medialen Konstellationen, in denen sie einst ihre kolonialen Bedeutungen erhielten. In den veränderten Gebrauchsweisen werden tiefgreifende Bedeutungsverschiebungen erkennbar, durch die koloniale Fotografien zu Bildern der tansanischen Geschichte geworden sind.
This is an open access book available on www.campus.de, www.oapen.org and further repositories. All content published can be shared under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC-BY-ND 4.0).
Some historians have traced a line from Germany’s atrocities in its colonial wars to those committed by the Nazis during WWII. Susanne Kuss dismantles these claims, rejecting the notion that a ...distinctive military ethos or policy of genocide guided Germany’s conduct of operations in Africa and China, despite acts of unquestionable brutality.
Sustainable Development Goal 6 highlight the importance of providing reliable, affordable, and safe source of clean drinking water and sanitation for all by 2030. In Tanzania there is a dire need of ...a water supply strategy due to high levels of natural fluoride contamination in ground water (upto 74 mg/L) and the challenge of meeting water demand during 5 months long dry period. This study assesses social and technical feasibility of implementing rainwater harvesting (RWH) along with treatment technologies that includes Denutritor® to remove ammonia/pesticides and ultrafiltration to eliminate carbon. This integrated technology known as “Mbinguni Maji” is aimed for the long-term water storage to supply drinking water throughout the dry season. The methodology involves i) Assessing the technical feasibility of RWH using database from QGIS and Water Productivity Open-access portal (WaPOR) from the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations; ii) conducting pilot demonstration in 5 different locations in Tanzania; and iii) conducting socio-economic survey for social acceptance of the technology through detailed questionnaires administered to residential homes, medical facilities, schools, hotels, and water kiosk owner. The result indicates that, from technical perspective, there is ample rainfall (average of 1036 mm/year) to supply water throughout the dry season, primarily for drinking and cooking purpose only (upto a maximum of 10 lpcd). The pilot demonstration confirms that the Mbinguni Maji RWH technology produce water that meets WHO water quality standards. The produced water is free from nutrients like carbon and ammonia, ensuring the possibility of long-term storage without bacterial and algal growth. Furthermore, Lab scale demonstration of Denutritor® show promising result of removing nitrite, ammonia even at high elevated temperature (30 °C), which can be effectively applied in Tanzania. In terms of social acceptance, RWH technology is already widely practised in Tanzania during the rainy season. However, the initial investment costs and operation & maintenance (O&M) concerns hinder the usage of RWH technology. Therefore, to ensure the long-term sustainability of RWH technologies, there is a need of development of comprehensive business plan and community awareness campaign.
In Europa wird intensiv über einen angemessenen Umgang mit afrikanischem Kulturgut debattiert – auch über historische Fotografien, die koloniale Afrikavorstellungen mitkonstruierten. In Tansania ...etablierten sich seit der Unabhängigkeit des Landes neue und eigenständige Praktiken in der Verwendung kolonialer Hinterlassenschaften. Ausgehend von den aktuellen Gebrauchsweisen dreier Fotografien aus dem späten 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert zeigt Eliane Kurmann, wie Tansanierinnen und Tansanier sich solche Bilder seit den 1960er Jahren aneignen und sie umdeuten, um sie in die postkoloniale Geschichtskultur einzubinden. Darin widerspiegeln sich die tiefgreifenden Verschiebungen, die tansanische Geschichtsbilder seit der Kolonialzeit erfahren haben. Das Buch geht auch den Entstehungskontexten dieser Fotografien und ihren früheren Verwendungen nach und entschlüsselt die medialen Konstellationen, in denen sie einst ihre kolonialen Bedeutungen erhielten. Die drei Fotogeschichten veranschaulichen, wie koloniale Fotografien zu Bildern der tansanischen Geschichte geworden sind.
This article explores the widespread phenomenon of anti-colonial movements that relied on magical rituals for protection against European weapons. It examines both the beliefs of the magical ...practitioners themselves, and those of colonizing observers whose fascination with stories of “primitive magic” contributed to their contrasting self-representations as superior beings in possession of technological wonders. North America’s Ghost Dance movement, China’s Boxer Rebellion, and East Africa’s Maji Maji uprising took place on three different continents but occurred almost simultaneously. The cases come from a narrow period of time, roughly 1890 to 1910, during a peak of colonial violence all over the world.
La rebelión Maji Maji es uno de los eventos de mayor trascendencia para la historiografía y el nacionalismo de Tanzania. Se remonta a 1905, cuando más de veinte grupos étnicos de diversas regiones de ...la parte continental del actual territorio se levantaron en armas en contra del gobierno colonial alemán. Aunque el movimiento fue suprimido con rapidez debido a la desproporcionada superioridad logística y de armamento del imperio alemán, tuvo un impacto significativo en las políticas coloniales alemanas y posteriormente en las británicas de la zona, y obligó a la revisión de éstas para evitar futuros conflictos.La presente revisión historiográfica de la rebelión Maji Maji ilustra sobre este episodio y habla de cómo las ideologías políticas, los contextos del momento y las tendencias epistemológicas en las ciencias sociales influyeron en diversos y variados enfoques: por ello, es de interés no sólo para los estudiosos de la historia de la colonización europea de África, sino también para los cursos de historiografía mundial y de metodología de investigación histórica.
Tanganyika, today Tanzania Mainland, was one of four countries, including Namibia, Cameroon, and Togo, that suffered under German colonial rule in Africa. Formally lasting from 1885 to 1918, German ...rule over Tanganyika commenced at the peak of slave trading in the region. As such, the politico-economic modes of slavery and colonialism influenced each other variably during German rule. Some of these influences have been better studied and documented than others. Issues regarding hostility between slave traders and Germans as economic competitors exemplify cases that have received better coverage in the region. At the same time, very little is known about responses of enslaved individuals or escapees against the establishment of German rule in East Africa. Using southern Tanganyika as a case study, this article examines the place of slave runaways in the colonial process and diaspora dynamics of the region. This study reveals why and how this group exerted a noticeable force against imposition of German rule in southern Tanganyika through a famous war of resistance, popularly referred to as the Maji Maji War.
As we come to an end of the celebration of a centenary and ten years since the end of the Maji Maji War against German colonialism, it is apparently clear that the historiography on the Maji Maji War ...focuses on appreciation of the Ngoni heroism against German cruelty and colonialism, as well as the loss of life caused by hunger, casualties of the war and German atrocities. It is however, noted that this view of nationalist historiography is outdated and needs to be corrected because it has outlived its usefulness as local histories and identities reveal the Ngoni atrocities, militarism, and wars against local inhabitants similar to the German rule between 1850–1890s. The nationalist historiography, like colonial historiography, pays little attention to history of victims, rather is the story of powerful state formation, states, and statism. In the nationalist case, historical investigations pay little attention on the Ngoni aggression and plunder or on this aggression’s effects on the conditions of life and the demographic dynamics on Lake Nyasa area and East to Indian Ocean from 1850s to 1907. In particular, these wars had a profound effect on the shaping of relations between 1850s and 1907. The article analyses war, militarism, and atrocities of the Ngoni on the conditions of life in East Lake Nyasa to Indian Ocean region between 1850 and 1907. The article demonstrates that during this period the people of area were harassed by Ngoni attacks and slave trade conflicts which disrupted their ways of life. And that after the German subdual of the regional powers including the Ngoni, Yao and Arab traders, relative peace and stability were restored briefly until the Maji Maji war brought further war calamities, instability and confusions. All in all, the Ngoni warlordism and militarism played large part in shaping history of modern southern Tanzania.
