Mesta crop biomass is one of the unexplored lignocellulosic feedstocks for second-generation bioethanol production. The compositional analysis of two mesta species, namely Hibiscus sabdariffa and H. ...cannabinus were carried out which revealed that the mesta contains 41.89-46.50% cellulose that can be saccharified to release fermentative sugar. Among different physical and physico-chemical pretreatment methods employed, cold alkali (2%) treatment showed maximum cellulose enrichment (38.71%) and significant lignin removal (27.27% of total). Optimization of saccharification process for pretreated mesta biomass was carried out using Box-Behnken design. Based on the observations, use of 4.02% substrate loading, 15.02 FPU/mL of cellulase from psychrotolerant Aspergillus niger SH3, and 5.01 IU/gds of β-glucosidase from Pseudomonas lutea BG8, led to 533.25 mg/gds sugar release from the pretreated biomass. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation was carried out using efficient thermotolerant yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae LN that resulted in 4.1 g/L ethanol production. It can be concluded that mesta crop can be a good source for the production of second-generation biofuel and the ethanol yield can be further improved by use of accessory enzymes and co-fermenting yeast.
New sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP) UPb zircon geochronologic data, whole-rock geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic data, and zircon and quartz δ18O isotopic data from the Staré Město ...granitoids (SMG), Jawornik granitoids (JG), and Kłodzko-Złoty Stok granitoids (KZSG) and associated mafic and ultramafic rocks are examined. This study provides new insights into the processes of magma generation, transport and emplacement during the Variscan development of the contact zone of the Saxothuringia, Teplá-Barrandia and Brunovistulia in the Central European portion of the Variscan belt. The results of this study, combined with existing geochemical and isotopic data, imply that the parental magmas of these intrusions share a close affinity and suggest that these intrusions formed in a subduction-related tectonic setting. The SMG, JG and KZSG magmas represent hybrids that formed from the contamination of partial melts from the lower crust and/or subducted sediments with various proportions of enriched mantle-derived melts. These mainly sheeted plutons intruded along the main geological boundaries during the Visean and recorded the vertical and lateral displacements between the major tectono-stratigraphic units (microplates) in the NE Bohemian Massif. In the Central Sudetes, these granitoid magmas were first emplaced along the northern continuation of the Moldanubian Zone. The SHRIMP UPb dating of zircons indicates that the SMG intruded the reactivated suture zone between the Brunovistulia and Saxothuringia at 344–341 Ma. Sills of the JG were emplaced between c. 347 and c. 334 Ma. The composite Kłodzko-Złoty Stok Pluton, which includes the KZSG and accompanying mafic enclaves and pyroxenite and lamprophyre dykes, was mainly emplaced at 340–333 Ma. The magmas of the KZSG possibly facilitated the final amalgamation of the Sudetic counterparts of the Teplá-Barrandia and Saxothuringia microplates during the orogenic uplift of the latter. Petrologic and oxygen isotopic data further indicate partial post-magmatic hydrothermal and/or alteration processes. Our new data further stress the connection of magma transfer and active shear zones, which could manifest as crustal-scale magma-ascent conduits.
•Magmatic activity is an integral part of Variscan orogenic processes in the NE Bohemian Massif•U-Pb ages and Sr-Nd-Pb-O isotopes of Kłodzo-Złoty Stok, Jawornik and Staré Město plutons are presented•Multi-method study suggests subduction-related hybrid magmatism during Visean.•Sheeted plutons intruded major shear zones in the Central Sudetes starting at ~344 Ma.•Active shear zones can serve as channels for the crustal-scale transport of melt.
El presente estudio analiza una estadística realizada para averiguar las roturaciones de tierras comunes que se habían realizado en perjuicio de los intereses de la Mesta en la primera mitad del ...siglo XVIII. Pero se sugiere una aproximación al documento desde el punto de vista del análisis textual basado en el valor de metatexto de la estadística y mediante el cual se puede valorar el significado político e histórico de los datos cuantitativos con apuntes sobre el sentido del gobierno de la Ilustración.
Mesta bonded nonwoven of 120 g/m
2
with poly-vinyl alcohol was made using impregnation-squeezing - drying-curing method. The effect of three process parameters adhesive concentration, squeezing ...pressure and curing temperature on the add-on and mechanical properties of the fabric, i.e. tenacity, breaking elongation, initial modulus, energy-to-break, stress relaxation, creep, bursting strength and tearing strength, have been studied using 20 points central composite rotatable design. All these properties have a significant effect on the performance of fabric in different uses. Second-order polynomials have been proposed with a good correlation for all these properties. From these models and contour diagrams, the effects of different parameters on mechanical properties have been discussed elaborately. Moreover, the models can also predict the properties satisfactorily knowing the values of factors or parameters. The predicted value show good agreement with observed values. The information available from these models and subsequent contour diagrams regarding the interactions of parameters on properties are very much useful to design a mesta adhesive-bonded nonwoven fabric. The critical point must be taken care of for designing a fabric for particular end use. To get the optimum mechanical properties of 120 g/m
2
fabric, the process parameters will be 20% adhesive concentration, 1.2 N/cm
2
squeezing pressure and 120 °C curing temperature with the same experimental setup and other parameters.
Introduction: Cancer is causing death in countries with more or less economic development, and it is expected that the burden will grow worldwide, especially in countries with less developed ...populations, where about 82% of the global population lives. The aim of this study was to present and estimate trends in incidence, mortality rate and MIR of malignant neoplasm of otherand ill-defined sites of lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer in Central Serbia from 1999 to 2020. Material and methods: The registry-based study was conducted using the data from the publically accessible Yearbooks of the Institute of Public Health of Serbia: Incidence and Mortality in Central Serbia, from 1999 to 2020. Joinpoint regression was used to determine the trend and annual percentage change (APC) of the incidence and mortality rate with corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Results: A total number of 558 cases (436men and 122women) of other and ill-defined lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer sites registered in Central Serbia from 1999 to 2020. The crude rate (CR) and age-standardized rate (ASR-W) of incidence in males increased (p<0.001, for both) during the study period with APC of 4.8% and 9.0%, respectively. The crude rate (CR) and age-standardized rate (ASR-W) of mortality in males decreased (p<0.001, for both) during the study period with APC of -7.5%, and -7.2%, respectively. The mortality rate decrease was followed by the decline in MIR between 2001 and 2020 with anAPC of -5.6 (p<0.001). Conclusions: Our results reveal that the incidence of other and ill-defined lip, oral cavity and pharynx cancer sites in Central Serbia increased through the study period. The mortality rate and MIR for this cancer decreased during 22 years.
V članku avtorja proučujeta, kako spremenjena podoba ulice po prenovi vpliva na dojemanje ulice, njeno senzorično krajino in vzdušje na njej. Na primeru Tumske ulice, glavne ulice v srednje velikem ...poljskem mestu Plock, dokažeta, da imajo lahko tovrstne spremembe nepričakovane posledice, ki pri prebivalcih vzbujajo negativne občutke. Izsledki raziskave, ki je temeljila na mnenju članov fokusnih skupin, kažejo, da trenutno vzdušje na Tumski ulici povzroča negativne zaznave, ki se nanašajo na štiri vrste senzoričnega zaznavanja oziroma značilnosti krajine: : tipne, vidne, slušne in vohalne. Negativna občutja so še močnejša pri posameznikih, ki imajo pozitivne spomine na nekdanjo ulico – na njeno stanje pred prenovo. Zaradi negativnega vzdušja na Tumski ulici in neprijetnih občutij, ki jih vzbuja, so se ulične aktivnosti prebivalcev zmanjšale na najnujnejše opravke. Navedeni izsledki kažejo, da bi se morali pri oblikovanju ali preoblikovanju javnih prostorov vedno upoštevati vplivi na ulično vzdušje in potreba po ustvarjanju pozitivnih občutij.
V pričujočem članku je avtorica analizirala napake slovenskih študentk in študentov germanistike prvega letnika pri pisanju pravljice. Pri tem je poskusila ugotoviti, na katerih področjih (pravopis, ...oblikoslovno-skladenjska ravnina in leksikalno-semantična ravnina) študenti naredijo največ napak. Prav tako je raziskovala, katere napake se na posameznih področjih pogosteje pojavljajo in kakšni bi lahko bili vzroki za te napake.Rezultati raziskave so za učitelje nemškega jezika in za avtorje učbenikov nemščine kot tujega jezika pomembni, saj izpostavljajo mesta, kjer pri pisanju besedil v nemščini kot tujem jeziku pogosteje prihaja do napak. Na osnovi izsledkov pričujoče raziskave bi lahko tem mestom namenili pri pouku nemščine kot tujega jezika posebno pozornost.
Contribution to the study of the evolution of the profitability of the transhumant sheeprearing enterprises in the Crown of Castile during the six -teenth century, from the point of view of the ...influence exercised upon it by the evolution of the wool market. The author annalyses a very diversified, fragmentary and dispersed group of sources referred to the region of Soria. Besides the available information about profits and losses of some transhumant sheeprearing enterprises, he takes into account the available information about wool prices during the second half of the sixteenth century, and he establishes some connexions between this information and other signs that inform about the evolution of the profitability of these interprises. He arrives to the conclusion that, according to the information available for the region of Soria, we cannot admit that the period of economic difficulties for the transhumant sheeprearing enterprises started before the decade of 1570, because the decade of 1560 was still a very prosperous one for them.
V članku avtorici obravnavata estetsko posebnost zdajšnjega Sarajeva in pokažeta, kako čas ustvarja družbeni odziv na vizualno kakovost prostora. Ob upoštevanju preobrazbe mestne krajine z vidika ...preoblikovanja identitete povojnega Sarajeva proučujeta senzorični stik ljudi z mestnim okoljem v povezavi s travmatičnimi dogodki in spreminjajočo se realnostjo, ki jo vsiljuje globalizacija. Njuna hipoteza je, da okoljsko estetiko povojnih mest določa travmatični spomin na fizično in socialno uničenje. Raziskava daje vpogled v različne teoretične razprave o spremembah vizualnega jezika in estetske kakovosti mestnega prostora v povojnem Sarajevu ter predstavi pojem urbanega spomina in njegovo vlogo pri oblikovanju estetske izkušnje v povojnih mestih. Končne ugotovitve kažejo, da lahko arhitekturni ostanki ali razvaline v mestnem tkivu namesto nestabilnih enot postanejo gonilo kontinuitete. Avtorici na koncu sprejmeta nedokončanost v prostoru kot pozitivno vrednoto in odstira nov pogled na igrivo eksperimentiranje, ki lahko izboljša estetsko izkušnjo toge in monotone mestne podobe.
The positive achievements of the globalization process is the awareness of the imminent protection and preservation of the environment, and the consequent health tourism, as a kind of organized ...movement of people to meet the needs of living in a “pristine nature” and satisfying the need for clean water, food and air. It is a little-known, easily accessible wilderness areas in the world. Environmental values through such places, such as the specific characteristics of space, good climate, hydrographic resources and other natural features can be a good basis for the development of health and recreational tourism in the future. In this sense, national, and increasingly local communities should be responsible for the selected type and pace of tourism development in terms of directing the long-term quality and complex interaction between the tourist offer, tourist demand and the environment in general. Strategic vision, in this context, involves the application of eco-management, both in the field of tourism policy, as well as in the domain of politics at the level of individual holders of tourist attractions. With that in mind, this paper presents the possibilities of development of health and recreational tourism in spas and mountain resorts, and points to the role in this development, there should be an eco-management, especially if we take into account the fact that in today's terms of increased tourist demand for healthy and intact natural areas.
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