Microbiomes provide a range of benefits to their hosts which can lead to the coevolution of a joint ecological niche. However, holometabolous insects, some of the most successful organisms on Earth, ...occupy different niches throughout development, with larvae and adults being physiologically and morphologically highly distinct. Furthermore, transition between the stages usually involves the loss of the gut microbiome since the gut is remodeled during pupation. Most eusocial organisms appear to have evolved a workaround to this problem by sharing their communal microbiome across generations. However, whether this vertical microbiome transmission can overcome perturbations of the larval microbiome remains untested. Honey bees have a relatively simple, conserved, coevolved adult microbiome which is socially transmitted and affects many aspects of their biology. In contrast, larval microbiomes are more variable, with less clear roles. Here, we manipulated the gut microbiome of
-reared larvae, and after pupation of the larvae, we inoculated the emerged bees with adult microbiome to test whether adult and larval microbiome stages may be coupled (e.g., through immune priming). Larval treatments differed in bacterial composition and abundance, depending on diet, which also drove larval gene expression. Nonetheless, adults converged on the typical core taxa and showed limited gene expression variation. This work demonstrates that honey bee adult and larval stages are effectively microbiologically decoupled, and the core adult microbiome is remarkably stable to early developmental perturbations. Combined with the transmission of the microbiome in early adulthood, this allows the formation of long-term host-microbiome associations.
This work investigated host-microbiome interactions during a crucial developmental stage-the transition from larvae to adults, which is a challenge to both, the insect host and its microbiome. Using the honey bee as a tractable model system, we showed that microbiome transfer after emergence overrides any variation in the larvae, indicating that larval and adult microbiome stages are effectively decoupled. Together with the reliable vertical transfer in the eusocial system, this decoupling ensures that the adults are colonized with a consistent and derived microbiome after eclosion. Taken all together, our data provide additional support that the evolution of sociality, at least in the honey bee system tested here, is linked with host-microbiome relationships.
Minijci zdaj na ladji pagaški so rezali morje:videli vmes so Fineja, kako oslepljen je preživljalbridko starost, in tedaj Akvilonova mlada sinovaptice deviške nesrečnemu starcu od ust sta ...pregnala.Končno pod Jazonom slavnim, po vsem, kar vmes so prestali,slednjič dosegli so glenasti Fasid, deroče valove.Ko so pred kralja prišli, so zahtevali Friksovo runo,kralj pa je prej zahteval od njih neznanske pogoje.
El denominado Mosaico Nilótico de Mérida (nº 9 del corpus de MRH-MRM) fue encontrado antes de mediados del siglo XIX. Desde su hallazgo era evidente el carácter extraordinario de su diseño, aunque, ...lamentablemente, la superstición popular destrozó en gran medida el pavimento, no sin que antes se lograra dibujar un boceto de su contenido, además de conservarse numerosos restos, de forma que ha podido ser reconstruido y se encuentra expuesto en el Museo Nacional de Arte Romano de Mérida. En el mosaico se combinan elementos exóticos, culturales y sobre el ciclo anual, sin que se haya logrado postular hasta el momento una interpretación de conjunto. No obstante, parece posible llevar a cabo una lectura integradora a partir del mito de la contienda entre Musas y Piérides relatado en las Metamorfosis ovidianas. Dicha lectura confiere unidad a la amalgama de motivos iconográficos e incluso puede explicar la opción por una técnica predominantemente dicromática acorde con los colores de las urracas en que fueron transformadas las Piérides y acorde también con un precepto de la creación literaria que precave contra la hybris.
Alfred Hitchcock’s film Vertigo (1958) has attracted the interest of classical reception scholars because of its adaptation of Ovid’s Pygmalion myth. Scottie, the film’s main character, has been ...interpreted as a re-enactment of Pygmalion, a character in the Metamorphoses who sculpted his ideal woman out of ivory. In this article, the idea of a direct line of reception from Ovid to Hitchcock is challenged. Rather, the principal model of the film is identified as George Bernard Shaw’s drama Pygmalion (1913). However, Ovid’s Pygmalion story does constitute a model for the film as well, though it does so on a more indirect level. In fact, all the film’s main characters display Ovidian traits. These add an extra layer of meaning to the understanding of the film and the complexity of its characters, and allow for an unexpected re-interpretation of Scottie and his desires.
O mundo do trabalho tem sido significativamente reorganizado na cultura do capitalismo global e flexível e vem requerendo um novo perfil de trabalhador. Assim, também o trabalho docente tem sido ...modificado em razão das metamorfoses simultâneas ocorridas a partir dos constantes movimentos no âmbito da economia, educação, política, e até mesmo em função da cultura digital, que afetam a vida e a profissão dos professores. Dado esse novo panorama social e cultural, aqui objetiva-se discutir aspectos que envolvem a transição “dos cadernos amarelos aos arquivos infinitos”, propiciada, sobretudo, pela cultura digital e seu potencial de mudança no trabalho docente. O foco é compreender as principais mudanças ocorridas no trabalho de um grupo de docentes do ensino superior de um Centro Universitário do interior de Goiás, Brasil. Participaram da pesquisa de campo, como entrevistados, 15 docentes. Os resultados obtidos foram submetidos a análise de conteúdo temática para a organização e tratamento das informações. Entre as principais conclusões, tem-se que as tecnologias digitais interferem nos processos, natureza, dimensões e desenvolvimento do trabalho docente no ensino superior, provavelmente pelo fato de elas não se caracterizarem como aspectos invisíveis no processo de trabalho na cultura digital.
Abstract
The article examines Lucy Hutchinson’s treatment of Cain and Abel in Canto Six of her biblical epic Order and Disorder. Hutchinson mobilises the classical tradition to elucidate the ...psychodrama of the fratricide Cain. Her imitation of four similes from Virgil’s Aeneid and Georgics, and the allegorical figure of Envy from Ovid’s Metamorphoses, helps to convey the dramatic shifts in Cain’s psychological and spiritual state. Moreover, Hutchinson’s evocation of the reprobate Cain’s restlessness through intertextual engagement with Virgil supports the Calvinist doctrine of double predestination. In Order and Disorder, Virgil and Ovid’s Roman poems are aids to embellishing and enhancing the narrative and theology of Hutchinson’s biblical epic.
The Metamorphoses tapestry, woven at the Manufacture Royale des Gobelins over some fifty years, beginning in 1680, is one of the largest creations ever made by Parisian craftsmen. It has been ...extensively woven. However, it has not been thoroughly studied, as it was not included in the Gobelins official production. The workshop managers followed cartoons belonging to the king or to ones they themselves owned, which they commissioned from renowned painters and rising stars. The origins of the tapestry have long been unclear. There are in fact two groups, conceived twenty years apart, made up of several groups of models and with some subjects shared by the two groups. The first series was most likely created just before 1680, based on the work of various painters (Louis Boullogne, Charles Le Brun, René-Antoine Houasse and Charles de La Fosse) owned by the entrepreneur Jean Jans. In the early years of the eighteenth century a new set of cartoons were used, all made from paintings or copies of paintings by different artists (Louis Boullogne, Antoine Coypel, Charles de La Fosse, Nicolas Bertin, Antoine Dieu and Sébastien Leclerc). Many of these were royal commissions for Trianon, the menagerie of Versailles or for Marly. Some had been shown in the Salons of 1699 and 1704. This paper focuses on the weaving of these paintings. In creating the tapestries, how did the transition from small to large format happen, and from painted image to woven?
This article argues that the incomplete acrostic INCIP- at Ov. Met. 15.871–5 can be completed. If viewed as a ‘gamma-acrostic’, we can supply -iam from line 871, so that it receives its termination ...in retrospect. Ovid's manipulation of gamma-acrostic conventions caps his persistent confusion of beginnings and endings, and emphasizes the role of the reader as co-creator of his metamorphic œuvre.
The contributions to this volume on the Isis Book reassess current interpretations, highlight aspects of text, language, and style, and develop new lines of approach regarding the interpretation of ...this fascinating many-layered text, the last book of Apuleius' famous novel.
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