Autor članka obrađuje kroniku metličke obitelji Fux, s grbom, koja je u obiteljskom vlasništvu već nekoliko generacija i koja je bila općenito prihvaćena kao konačna činjenica. Autor je analizirao i ...provjerio podatke iz kronike te razjasnio tko je njezin autor i kakvim je prevarantskim metodama izigrao obitelj, sugerirajući da se radio plemićkoj obitelji. Istovremeno je objasnio sve bitne elemente u kronici, kao i izvor grba.
While researching the history of the Fux family from Metlika a family member gave me the family chronicle that has been kept in the family from generation to generation. It is written in German in Gothic script.
The unknown author of the chronicle describes the family roots back to the 16th century, mentioning individuals who were to serve as the proof that the Fux family obtained their coat of arms as early as the 16th century.
The most important claims from the chronicle are:
- The family obtained their coat of arms in the 16th century with brothers Niklas and Viktor (Victor) Fux.
- The 18th century family ancestor Johann Joseph Fux was a renowned composer.
- The chronicle states many individuals with the surname Fux in the 19th century.
The
problem with the chronicle is the lack of continuity among the successive generations, hence, it is necessary to check all the evidence
and discover its author. It has been directly ascertained that the author of the chronicle is a certain Hermann Julius Hermann, a forger from Vienna selling bogus chronicles to which he added coat of arms belonging to families that happen to have the same surname. For that purpose he established The Institute for Genealogy and Heraldry in Vienna. He supplied numerous families with false chronicles; for the period between 1898 and 1905 alone it has been proven that he drew up and sold 696 chronicles. Herman did not act on its own. A certain Raimund Günther, a forger from Salzburg, was his aide, who supplied him with paper that was printed in advance. Günther was a consummate professional in his activities. He advertised his work in magazines and had numerous sales agents in his employment. They had with them examples
and a catalogue in order to obtain clients. They were active across the
entire Habsburg Monarchy, which is how the Fux family got in contact with them. The price for the forged chronicle was between 30 and 300 crowns. Chronicles drawn up by Hermann Julius Hermann are not scientific work. Hermann created them entirely for self-interest and did
not choose means or sources in order to achieve that goal. He deceived his clients for the purpose of achieving a suitable price. The coat of arms obtained by Niklas and Viktor Fux in the 16th century was described by Julius Hermann in his chronicle, adding the composer Johann
Joseph Fux and several other individuals who were not related, and he also included two members of the Fux family from Metlika (Karl Fux and his son Emanuel). In that way he created the impression that Karl and Emanuel Fux (the latter most probably placing the order) are related to other named individuals and sold this to the family.
Temelj su ovoga rada dokumenti iz fonda povjesničara i arhivista Emila Laszowskoga u Hrvatskom državnom arhivu. Preko njih predstavljene su pogranične prijateljske, rodbinske i kulturne veze između ...društvenih elita grada Metlike u Sloveniji i obližnjih hrvatskih krajeva (Brlog, Bubnjarci, Žumberak i dr.) u 18. i 19. stoljeću. Na taj način bile su povezane obitelji Fux iz Metlike, koja je više od 200 godina imala u nasljednom zakupu poštansku postaju u Metliki, obitelj Šufflay iz Brloga i druge. Pored toga, postavljeno je pitanje vjerodostojnosti grba i kronike obitelji Fux, iz čijega su opisa već kod prvoga čitanja zapažene nedosljednosti koje su upućivale na pretpostavku da je obiteljska kronika izmišljena.
This article deals with the history of the Fux family from Metlika in the region Bela Krajina and the bonds between social elites of the town Metlika in Slovenia and the surrounding communities from Croatia. One part of the family history was taken from the personal papers of Emil Laszowski at the Croatian State Archives because he had a relationship with this family; the other part was taken from numerous published sources. The history of the Fux family was carefully researched by Jože Dular, a museologist, poet and fiction writer, who was the founder of the Belokranjski Museum in Metlika and its long-term director. He was married to the one of descendants of the Fux family and lived until his death in the house which was built in 1863 by Antonija Fux, born Wanka von Lenzenheim. The Fux family, who had been creating wealth for years and peaked in the 18th and 19th centuries, made their social and economic position among the social elite along the border through marriages. Thanks to the diary of Emil Laszowski, which is also preserved in his personal papers at the Croatian State Archives it was possible to describe in detail the unhappy marriage and fate of Antonija
Jr., born Fux and Daniel Šufflay from the nearby Croatian mansion of Brlog. Special attention in the article is dedicated to Antonija Wanka, married Fux, and her connections with Metlika folk revivalists such as Janez Kapelle and Anton Navratil. Navratil was the founder of the town’s reading room in 1865 and in his opposition to the German influence he mobilised not only the local followers, but also the adjacent Croats, of whom it is worthy to mention the Šufflays from Brlog, the Kniewald brothers from Grič near Karlovac and the Vranitzany family from Jurovo. We have consequently established that the social elite of such a small frontier town in the second half of the 19th century was international. In addition to the local Slovenes, it was composed of descendants of Czech immigrants (Navratil, Wanka von Lenzenheim, Horaček), Italians (Parma, immigrants from Monaster near Aquileia, Capelle) and the Germans from Kočevje (Sturm, Weibl and possibly Fux). The marriages of members of the Fux family with the border elites of neighbouring Croatia (Hranilović, Šufflay, Krištof, Lorković) were negligible. Namely, the composition of the Habsburg Monarchy and the practice of its administration encouraged ethnic pluralism and frequent migration in almost all parts of it, which was the case in Metlika too. Finally, a few words are dedicated to the chronicle of the Fux family, which allegedly proves that they are of a noble origin. The transcript is in Emil Laszowski's personal papers. Laszowski received the template from members of the Fux family, with whom he was a friend, as well as a relative. Special attention was paid to avoid mistaking this fictional creation for a historical fact.Although
the "nobility" of the Fux family is proven to be a forgery, the question remains how this large family did not receive it at a time when
families of clerks and soldiers received the nobility very easily, and the rich simply bought it. A sufficient reason for "merit and loyalty" to the emperor would be the long-term hereditary lease of an important post office in Metlika, which sent mail from Karlovac, one of the most important strategic strongholds of the Habsburg Monarchy, further to Ljubljana, Graz and Vienna.
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Rodbina Fux iz Metlike je imela eno stoletje dednopravico do najemapoštnepostaje v Metliki, vmesnem postajališču med Karlovcem in Ljubljano. Od konca 18. do konca 19. stoletja je rodbina z uspešnim ...in donosnim poslom postala ena uglednejših metliških in belokranjskih meščanskih družin. Sprav tako uspešnimi ženitvenimi strategijami, predvsem z obkolpskim hrvaškim malim plemstvom, je dvignila in utrdila svoj ugled. Med raziskovanjem teh zanimivih ženitvenih vezi so se razkrile živahna socialna mobilnost belokranjskih meščanov in hrvaškega okoliškega malegaplemstva ter kulturnozgodovinske in čezmejne družbene vezi v času narodnegaprebujanja.
Provider: - Institution: - Data provided by Europeana Collections- Posnetek Metlike z zraka. Najjužneje se vidi najstarejši del Doma starejših občanov Metlika, zraven novi del v obliki črke U, ...nasproti doma župnišče s cerkvijo sv. Nikolaja, pred cerkvijo Mestni trg, ki preide v Trg svobode, lepo je viden metliški grad, zraven gradu visoka rumena zgradba, nekdanja osnovna in srednja šola ter rojstna hiša Osipa Šesta, nad gradom se vidi sedanja Osnovna šola Metlika, pod šolo pa kulturni dom in Ljudska knjižnica Metlika, omenim lahko še pravoslavno cerkev sv. Cirila in Metoda, katero je videti na severozahodu razglednice. Založilo jo je Turistično društvo Vigred Metlika, foto Jože Hanc, tisk Opara, oblikovanje Duška Vlašič. Na hrbtni strani je spominska znamka, ki je nastala ob odprtju prenovljene pošte 8330 Metlika, 3. 6. 2009.- All metadata published by Europeana are available free of restriction under the Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal Public Domain Dedication. However, Europeana requests that you actively acknowledge and give attribution to all metadata sources including Europeana
The burial deposits from the grave with a cuirass from tumulus 52 or IV at Stična, excavated by the Duchess of Mecklenburg in 1913, have already been published four times ...and have been differently presented each time. None of the four versions completely corresponds with the data in the notes of the Duchess’s secretary, Gustav Goldberg. Of the finds that have previously been attributed to this grave, only a cuirass, a kernos and a small pot can definitely be ascribed to it. In addition, a fluted ciborium and spearheads may derive from the grave. Two lids, two smaller ciboria and 67 dome-shaped loop-backed buttons are certainly not from this burial. The smaller ciboria and the lids are from another Stična grave, from Magdalenska gora or perhaps some other cemetery of the Dolenjska (Lower Carniola) Hallstatt culture, while the dome-shaped buttons originate from the cemetery at Stražni dol near Golek pri Vinici.Rainer-Maria Weiss ascribed a belt-plate with figurative ornament depicting a procession of men and a woman to a grave with a cuirass from tumulus 52. Biba Teržan ascribed the same belt-plate to a grave with a double-crested helmet from tumulus 55 or VI at Stična. However, the belt-plate is not from any of these graves.The grave groups of the Mecklenburg Collection are unreliable. Finds from other graves from the same or even from a different site have sometimes been added to the Hallstatt period graves from Magdalenska gora and Stična. Some are undoubtedly from the Latest Hallstatt-La Tène cemetery at Stražni dol near Golek pri Vinici (e.g. dome-shaped buttons of the Vinica type, bronze sun rings, bronze shepherd’s crook pins and amber beads of Palavestra’s types 8d and 8e). Conversely, some grave groups from Golek pri Vinici contain Hallstatt period finds that were excavated by the Duchess on Magdalenska gora and at Stična
In the year 2004, a deep borehole MET/04 east of Metlika in Bela Krajina was drilled. It reached the depth of 841 meters. The aim of drilling was to catch thermal water that would be used for ...touristical purposes. The area where the borehole is located belongsto the transitional zone of the External to the Internal Dinarides. The first ones are characterized mainly by shallow water carbonate rocks of Mesozoic age, while the other ones are composed mainly of deep water clastic rocks also of Mesozoic age. Structurally,this zone consists of a series of the Dinaric, NW-SE oriented, thrusts along which the Internal Dinarides are thrusted over the External ones. The bore hole itself is located in the flysch sequence of Upper Cretaceous age that is deposed transgressivelly onto theUpper Jurassic limestone. The flysch, that is composed of conglomerate, breccia, calcarenite and marl, is drilled to 182,5 m of depth. Further, to the 275 of depth, there follow Lower Cretaceous limestones, that belong either to large olistolitic blocks in the base of the flysch series or to a tectonic block of the imbricated structure. To the bottom of the borehole, there follow mainly ref and perireefal limestones of Upper Jurassic age. The upper part of these is determined to be of Upper Malmian age, since the lower part couldbelong to Lower Malmian. In the borehole, two water bearing zones were determined. The first one is in the interval from 92,5 to 184, and the second one in the interval from 220 to 355 meters at the depth.
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