Ovine mastitis is considered one of the problems that cause economic losses through its impact on milk production, which is unfit for human consumption. The current study aimed to shed light on ...mastitis in sheep in different areas of Mosul city. The results of the recent study showed the presence of mammary macroscopic and microscopic changes. Macroscopic changes were represented by the large size of the udder and changes in the color and texture, as well as clarity of sloughing and desquamation of the skin with clear exudation, especially in advanced cases. On the other hand, other samples showed the presence of hard nodules on the udders. In contrast, the histological changes represented by degenerative and necrotic changes 3.5%, and 21.4% of the sample appeared to suffer from liquefactive necrosis and abscesses infiltrated with inflammatory cells, 25% of the samples infected with granulomatous mastitis (nodular mastitis), other models showed that the udder infected with atrophy and metaplasia in the rate of 21%, thickening of the blood vessel wall with clot represented 14.2% and the deposition of calcium salt was 14.2%. The current study concludes that mastitis in sheep is widespread in sheep raised in different areas of Mosul city.
Fourty five local buffaloes naturally infected with A. marginal age of 2-5 years. Clinical signs, present parasireamia haematological and biochemical changes were studied. Thin thick blood smears ...Stained with Gimsas stain were used to identify the parasite. The results indicated that most of the infected were suffering from mild form of infection and the 1I11p01”l11I1E' clinical signs observed were mild rise of body temperature, increase respiratory and plus rate, weal: ruminal contraction and generalized weakness. Palcness and iteration of mucous membrane, loss appetite, nasal and ocular discharge, coughing, salivation, atarcp, constipation, diarrhea, and rccumbancy. Statistical analysis showc increase (P<0.01) in body temperature, respiratory and pulsera wlflc nigrrificant decrease (P<0.01) in ruminal contraction We. observed. Parasiteamia in infected animals ranged from 1.3- 5.2%. Values of red blood cell, haemoglobin and packed cell volume were significantly low (P<0.01). Total leulcocyric and neutrophils count was significantly increase (P<0.0l). and (P<0.05) respectively. Blood indices values showed a significant increase in (MCHC) (P<0.0l) while (MCV) values showed no difference, reticulocytes were also present mildly biochemical changes indicated higher levels of AST. Total bilirubin (P<0.01). Total protein concentration was less (P<0.01) and no difference was observed inALT and blood urea nitrogen levels between infected and control animals.
ABSTRACT :
In the current research, 23 wells were chosen from some residential neighborhoods located in the city of Mosul. To study some of the physical properties of well water represented by ...temperature, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved salts, as well as, the study of chemical analyzes are: (sulfates, chlorides, phosphates, nitrates, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, dissolved oxygen and pH).
The results of the study refer to the height of the electrical conductivity, which ranged between (791-2456) µmhos/cm. The results showed that a lot of water is free of dissolved oxygen, as it recorded the highest value of 4.6 mg/l. Whereas, the temperature of the studied water ranged between (20-28.4)Cº, and it is considered warm water. In the current study, the calcium ion concentration was greater than the magnesium ion concentration in all well water, and the highest concentration reached (264 and 134) mg/L at well 22 and 23, respectively. There was an increase in the concentration of chloride ion, which reached (204) mg/L and the lowest concentration (32) mg/l at wells 11 and 7, respectively.
When comparing the values of the electrical conductivity of the well water with the global determinants of drinking, it was determined that they are not suitable for drinking.
When applying the relationship between the value of the electrical conductivity and the ratio of sodium adsorption to well water, it was found that all water from wells Class (C3 - S1) except for wells (11 and 19) are classified as Class (C4 - S1)
The vaccination process and immunological status of chickens during their life period have great importance in the poultry industry. We aimed in the current study to evaluate the effect of ProbChick® ...on the immunological status of broiler chickens after vaccination with Newcastle vaccination using the LaSota strain. A total of 200 one-day-old chicks were divided randomly into five groups. The first group is the control group, while the second group consumes ProbChick® with drinking water. The third group was vaccinated with the Newcastle vaccine (LaSota strain), and the fourth group was vaccinated with the Newcastle vaccine after 7 days. The ProbChick® was consumed. The fifth group was vaccinated with the Newcastle vaccine and consumed ProbChick® on the same day. The result showed that ProbChick® enhances the weight gain, food conversion ratio, and relative weight of the bursa of Fabricius and spleen. In addition, ProbChick® will enhance the antibody titer if it is added to drinking water on the same day of vaccination and give suitable antibody titer compared to control groups and in comparison, to a group where it is added to drinking water after 7 days of vaccination. We conclude that adding ProbChick® to the broiler at 1 g/litter of drinking water at the same vaccination by Newcastle vaccine using the LaSota strain will enhance the immune response during and after vaccination. This will improve the efficiency and titer of antibody production.
Bovine herpes virus-1 (BoHV-l) infects livestock and causes several forms of disease, the most prominent being bovine infectious rhinotracheitis, infectious balanoposthitis, and infectious postural ...vulvovaginitis. Infection can result in substantial loss, especially in feedlot cattle. The current study aimed to determine BoHV-l in cows by using the conventional polymerase chain reaction. A total of 184 plasma and nasal swab samples were collected from cattle 6 months to 2 years of age of both sexes and of various breeds and from different regions in Mosul city between October 2020 and March 2022. The prevalence of BoHV-1 in cattle was 14/184 (7.6%). Animals infected with BoHV-l had signs of fever, cough, mucoserous eye and nasal secretions, dyspnea, appearance of abnormal respiratory sounds, as well as congestion of the mucous membranes of the eyes. The prevalence of BoHV-1 was significantly higher in males (9.7%) (P≤0.05) than in females, in animals 6–8 months of age – 11/100 (10%) (P≤0.05) compared to those between 9 months and 2 years of age. Moreover, no significant difference between native and imported breeds, as well as between respiratory, ocular, and genital forms was found out. This study concluded that the prevalence of the BoHV-1 virus in Mosul city, Iraq was relatively high, particularly in terms of the age and sex of the animals.
Genetic depiction of Mycoplasma isolates was done by a PCR approach from the upper respiratory tract and conjunctival infections in domestic dogs in Mosul City. This was accomplished by amplifying ...the 16S rRNA gene, which is specific to the Mycoplasma genus. 100 domestic dogs of various ages, sexes, and breeds participated in the study from 1/2/2022 to 1/1/2023. There were 300 swabs total, including conjunctival, nasal, and oropharyngeal swabs. The swabs were subjected to mycoplasmal culturing in suitable conditions. The growing colonies were examined by light and a dissecting microscope. The DNA of growing colonies was extracted and amplified then migrated in agarose gel to observe the bands. The study's findings revealed the isolation of 58 Mycoplasma isolates, with an overall swab isolation rate of around 58% and a high rate of 68% from nasal swabs, then from oropharyngeal swabs and conjunctival swabs 58 and 45% sequentially. PCR technique showed that 34 isolates from the total of 58 isolates were assured for the 16S rRNA gene and yielded a band at 270bp, these findings are regarded as distinctive for the genus Mycoplasma. DNA Sequencing results of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that twenty-three 67.65% out of thirty-four Mycoplasma isolates were indicated as Mycoplasma cynos strain SM-MY-M23 which was dumped in the GenBank nucleotide sequence database under accession number OQ446513, so current results are considered as the first record of Mycoplasma cynos in dogs in Iraq.
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