Pričujoči članek se posveča etimologiji besede чекор 'korak', kijo s takim pomenom in besedotvorno zgradbo pozna le makedonščina. Ker se ista beseda z naglasom na zadnjem zlogu ter pomeni 'suho, ...krivo drevo', 'stor' in 'korenina' pojavlja v jugovzhodni makedonščini ter nekaterih bolgarskih narečjih, bomo poskusili ti dve besedi izvesti iz istega korena in analizirati njun prvotni pomen.
Croatia, as a traditionally emigrant country, has experienced large population emigrations since the 15th century, and this trend has continued until today. With Croatia’s entry into the European ...Union, the conditions for migrating have changed significantly, and it has never been easier to migrate, with the majority of people emigrating being young people of working age between the ages of 20 and 39. This is also evident from the net migration, that is, the difference in the number of immigrants and emigrants, which has shown a negative trend in the last few years. Knowing and understanding the emigration motives is one of the most important preconditions to being able to influence the factors that encourage young people to emigrate. Therefore, the aim of this research was to determine the main emigration motives and their representation among young emigrants from Croatia through the prism of their attitudes and opinions. The research was conducted as part of the flzaJEDNO srce, jedna dusa, jedna Hrvatska« project, which was encouraged by the Humanitarian Association of Father Mladen HrkaÊ. The research focused on new emigrants to European countries, aged 18 to 40. The results show that, according to their statements and opinions, the motivation of youth from Croatia, in accordance with the theoretical framework, is based on the complementary effect of push and pull factors, whereby the pull factors are perceived as stronger motivational factors for the decision to migrate. This research, in addition to providing and expanding insight into the motivational factors of Croatian youth through their attitudes and opinions, emphasizes the necessity of further research and the expansion of scientific knowledge on which it is possible to base public policies.
U ovom radu sportska motivacija je operacionalizovana u skladu sa konceptualnim okvirom teorije samodeterminacije kao intrinzička motivacija (za saznanjem, ostvarenjem i stimulacijom) i ekstrinzička ...motivacija (identifikacijom, introjekcijom, eksternom regulacijom) i amotivacija (Deci i Ryan, 2000). Cilj ovog eksplorativnog istraživanja bio je da takav koncept sportske motivacije provjeri na uzorku mladih fudbalera iz različitih zemalja (Rusija, Srbija, Crna Gora). Pretpostavljeno je da se mladi fudbaleri ne razlikuju u pogledu intrinzičke motivacije bez obzira na uzrast i zemlju iz koje dolaze. Takođe, pretpostavljeno je da postoje značajne razlike u ekstrinzičkim aspektima sportske motivacije, što može da ukaže na potencijalnu specifičnost socijalnih uticaja u različitim zemljama, ili na razvojno uslovljen različit stepen internalizacije spoljašnjih razloga za aktivnost. Ispitano je 178 mladih fudbalera, uzrasta od 12 do 15 godina. Iskorišćena je skala sportske motivacije – SMS 28 (Pelleiter, Fortier, Vallerand, Briere, Tuson i Blais, 1995). Primijenjen je t-test, ANOVA i MANOVA. Pokazalo se da postoje značajne razlike između mladih fudbalera iz Rusije i iz Srbije i Crne Gore u pogledu intrinzičke motivacije za ostvarenjem i svih aspekata ekstrinzičke motivacije. Dvanaestogodišnjaci se razlikuju od ostalih ispitivanih uzrasta po amotivaciji, a značajne razlike postoje između uzrasta od 13 i 14 godina u pogledu ekstrinzičke motivacije identifikacijom, introjekcijom i eksternom regulacijom. Kada se u analizi motivacije istovremeno uzme u obzir zemlja iz koje dolaze mladi fudbaleri i uzrast, pokaže se da je značajna samo razlika u pogledu ekstrinzičke motivacije introjekcijom.
Ker nimamo avtorskih didaskalij, je celoten svet drame (vključno s psihično in materialno realnostjo) predstavljen izključno z besedami, ki jih govorijo dramski liki. Roman Ingarden imenuje takšen ...način predstavljanja shematična reprezentacija: na ta način predstavljeni predmeti so namreč samo skicirani, nešteta nedoločena mesta v njihovi predstavitvi vabijo bralca, da jih v procesu konkretizacije alirekonstrukcije zapolni z intelektualnimi in domišljijskimi operacijami in se pri tem opira na svoje znanje in izkušnje. Tako konkretizacijo kot rekonstrukcijo je treba ločevati od literarnega dela samega; ker ju oblikuje bralec s svojo domišljijsko dejavnostjo, predstavljata oviro pri spoznavanju dela samega. Ingardnovo teorijo so kritizirali prav zaradi tega, ker daje bralcu preveč manevrskega prostora pri konstituiranju in tudi pri rekonstrukciji literarne umetnine (Ray, Kos, Holub, Calinescu). Zdi se, da te kritike temeljijo v nekoliko poenostavljenem razumevanju Ingardnove izredno kompleksne analize, v kateri se kaže, da je vloga bralca sicer omejena s tekstom, a vendarle vitalnega pomena za sekundarno eksistenco literarne umetnine. V članku so obravnavani neverbalni dejavniki motivacije v Sofoklovi tragediji; razdeljeni so v tri skupine: značajske poteze, dramska klima in čutne izkušnje. Članek se zaključi z analizo Odisejeve neverbalne motivacije v tragediji Ajant, ki predstavlja poseben primer, saj je tu odločilni dejavnik motivacije Odisejeva izkušnja numinoznega.
Cilj je ovog rada bio ispitati odnos ciljnih orijentacija u učenju, pristupa učenju i akademskog uspjeha kod studenata te provjeriti mogućnost predviđanja akademskog uspjeha na temelju ciljnih ...orijentacija u učenju i pristupa učenju. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo N=346 studenata i studentica drugih i trećih godina preddiplomskih i prvih godina diplomskih studija različitih fakulteta i odsjeka osječkog sveučilišta. Rezultati pokazuju da postoji pozitivna povezanost akademskog uspjeha s ciljnom orijentacijom na znanje i izvedbu te s dubinskim i strateškim pristupima učenju, a negativna povezanost akademskog uspjeha s ciljnom orijentacijom na izbjegavanje truda i površinskim pristupom učenju. Osim toga, rezultati pokazuju da postoji pozitivna povezanost ciljne orijentacije na znanje s dubinskim i strateškim pristupima učenju kao i pozitivna povezanost ciljne orijentacije na izbjegavanje truda s površinskim i negativna s dubinskim pristupima učenju. Nadalje, kao pozitivni prediktori akademskog uspjeha pokazale su se ciljne orijentacije na znanje i izvedbu te dubinski pristup učenju. Vrsta studija pokazala se značajnim moderatorom veze između dubinskog procesiranja i akademskog uspjeha. Dubinsko procesiranje značajan je prediktor uspjeha kod studenata prirodoslovnih i tehničkih studija, a nije značajan prediktor kod studenata društveno-humanističkih studija.
ALCOHOL DRINKING MOTIVATION AND HABITS OF ADOLESCENTS IN THE CITY OF DUBROVNIK Adolescent alcohol use is one of the biggest public health problems of youth worldwide. Studies conducted in the ...Republic of Croatia confirm a high prevalence of this phenomenon in high school students with the data showing that almost 92% of young people under the age of 16 have tried some of the alcoholic beverages. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of beer and spirit drinking among high school students according to gender, type of school, and beer drinking of people closely related to them. The study also explored high school students’ motivation for beer drinking and differences in motivation between genders. The study included 789 students from 2nd and 3rd grades of high schools in Dubrovnik. The results showed that 92% of students have tried alcohol at least once. A higher percentage of male students consumed beer and wine than female students, and when it came to hard liquor, female students drank an equal amount of hard liquor as male students. The students in vocational schools, particularly in three-year programs consume more alcohol than the students from grammar schools. The study showed a correlation between adolescent drinking and drinking habits of people close to them, in particular partners and close friends. The study also showed the link between adolescent drinking and parents’ beer drinking. The most common motivation for drinking beer in adolescents is having fun and relaxing from everyday worries. They drink beer when they feel happy or bored as beer drinking increases their good mood and contributes to feeling relaxed. This study results indicate the need for implementing science-based alcohol use prevention programs and programs of high school students’ mental health promotion. The importance of involving parents in prevention programs, the role of the community in promoting healthy lifestyles and organizing ways of constructive leisure and fun for young people are also emphasized. Key words: adolescents; alcoholic drinks; beer; drinking; motivation
Abstract Introduction There is a concerning trend of emigration among highly educated individuals in Montenegro. This includes medical professionals who seek better job opportunities abroad. The aim ...of the present study was to identify the primary motivational factors driving Montenegrin medical students to pursue a career in medicine, and whether these factors undergo changes over the course of their studies. Methods A cross-sectional study included 210 medical students in Montenegro, 27.62% were males, and 72.38% were females. The mean age of the students was 21.90 years (SD=3.05) (range 19–39). Their academic motivation was analysed using the Academic Motivation Scale, previously validated in various cultural contexts. Results The results showed that autonomous motivation levels were higher than controlled motivation levels (p<0.001) among students in Montenegro, which has been previously associated with better learning outcomes. Students with medical doctors among their family members had higher extrinsic motivation related to rewards and punishments (extrinsic motivation with external regulation p=0.018). Amotivation showed a trend of increasing as the students got closer to graduation (p=0.057). Only 8.1% of students planned a career in primary healthcare, and 1% wished to specialize in family medicine. Conclusions This study’s findings, which indicate high levels of autonomous motivation among medical students, are of significant importance. They contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the motivation factors among medical students and young healthcare professionals in Montenegro. Moreover, they provide a basis for the implementation of strategic interventions to retain highly skilled medical professionals within the country’s workforce, thereby addressing the concerning trend of emigration among this group.
Cilj je ovoga rada bio identificirati profile ciljnih orijentacija studenata i ispitati razlike u učestalosti korištenja specifičnih strategija samoregulacije motivacije između studenata različitih ...profila ciljnih orijentacija. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku od 290 studenata nastavničkih studija primjenom upitnika. Analizom latentnih profila identificirane su četiri grupe studenata različitih profila ciljnih orijentacija: niskoorijentirani na uspjeh (21.3 %), prosječni (45.8 %), orijentirani na učenje (25.3 %) i orijentirani na uspjeh (7.6 %). Rezultati pokazuju da su studenti s motivacijski nepovoljnijim profilima (niskoorijentirani na uspjeh, prosječni) općenito manje skloni koristiti strategije regulacije motivacije. Iako studenti koji su orijentirani na učenje i studenti koji su orijentirani na uspjeh većinu ispitanih strategija koriste podjednako često, studenti koji su orijentirani na učenje češće koriste strategije regulacije vrijednosti i situacijskoga interesa.
This study aimed to explore university students’ achievement goal orientation profiles and examine differences in the reported use of motivational regulation strategies among students with different profiles. The study was conducted on a sample of 290 teacher education program students by applying self-report questionnaires. Using latent profile analysis, four distinct goal orientation profiles were identified: low-success-oriented (21.3%), indifferent (45.8%), mastery-oriented (25.3%), and success-oriented (7.6%). Results indicate that students exhibiting less favourable motivational profiles (low-success-oriented, indifferent) are generally less likely to report using motivation regulation strategies. Although mastery-oriented students and success-oriented students report using some of the examined types of strategies to a similar extent, mastery-oriented students report using strategies for regulating value and situational interest more often.
Cilj je ovoga rada bio produbiti razumijevanje socijalnih utjecaja na intrinzičnu motivaciju mladih nogometaša. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku nogometaša kadetskoga i juniorskog uzrasta, dobi od ...15 do 18 godina (N = 152). Prikupljeni podatci uključivali su procjene rukovodećega ponašanja trenera, motivacijske klime u nogometnim ekipama i intrinzične motivacije za bavljenje nogometom. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je pozitivne interkorelacije mjera procjena specifičnih pozitivnih ponašanja trenera (trening i instrukcije, demokratsko ponašanje, socijalnapodrška i pozitivna povratna informacija) moguće objasniti latentnim faktorom koji smo nazvali pozitivno ponašanje trenera. Pozitivne interkorelacije mjera procjena specifičnih negativnih ponašanja trenera (autokratsko ponašanje, neosjetljivost za osobnu dobrobit sportaša, negativna povratna informacija i usmjerenost na rezultat) moguće je objasniti latentnim faktorom koji smo nazvali negativno ponašanje trenera. Provedena je hijerarhijska regresijska analiza u kojoj je prvi blok uključivao pozitivno i negativno ponašanje trenera, a drugi motivacijsku klimu usmjerenu k usavršavanju. Objašnjeno je 22 % varijance u rezultatima na mjeri intrinzične motivacije mladihnogometaša, pri čemu se statistički značajnim negativnim prediktorom pokazalo negativno ponašanje trenera, a pozitivnim motivacijska klima usmjerena k usavršavanju. Analize mehanizma djelovanja ponašanja trenera na intrinzičnu motivaciju pokazale su da je pozitivno ponašanje trenera imalo na intrinzičnu motivaciju neizravan pozitivan efekt posredovan motivacijskom klimom usmjerenom k usavršavanju. Negativno ponašanje trenera imalo je izravan i manjim dijelomneizravan negativan efekt posredovan motivacijskom klimom usmjerenom k usavršavanju.
The aim of this study was to deepen the understanding of social influences on intrinsic motivation of young male football players, aged 15–18 years (N = 152). We measured coaching behaviours, motivational climate in football teams, and intrinsic motivation to play football. Results revealed positive correlations between measures of specific positive coaching behaviours (Training and Instructions, Democratic Behaviour, Social Support and Positive Feedback) that could be explained by a latent factor we named positive coaching behaviour. Additionally, positive correlations between measures of specific negative coaching behaviours (Autocratic Behaviour, Insensitivity to Athletes’ Well-being, Negative Feedback and Results Orientation) could be explained by a latent factor we named negative coaching behaviour. Hierarchical regression analysis was then conducted. The first block of predictors consisted of positive and negative coaching behaviours and the second of mastery climate. Results show that a total of 22% of the intrinsic motivation variance was explained by negative coaching behaviour, a statistically significant negative predictor and mastery climate, a statistically significant positive predictor. The present study also investigated mechanisms underlying the effects of coaching behaviours on intrinsic motivation. Positive coaching behaviour had an indirect positive effect on intrinsic motivation via mastery climate. The effects of negative coaching behaviour on intrinsic motivation were twofold, showing both direct and indirect negative effects via mastery climate.
Introduction. Of all people with disabilities, persons with intellectual disabilities are the most numerous unemployed group who wait for a job the longest. In order to spend their day in a more ...productive way, these people spend time in centres and day-care centres within the system of social protection, but their motivation for work decreases over time. Objectives. The main goal of this research was to determine work readiness in adults with intellectual disabilities by assessing the specific dimension of work motivation, with special emphasis on determining differences in gender, level of formal education, type of family environment, and records in the National Employment Service. Methods. The convenience sample consisted of 78 respondents of both genders, users of services provided by associations for helping persons with intellectual disabilities in Belgrade. Work Readiness Scale (Rose et al., 2010) was used in this research. Results. Adults with intellectual disabilities were moderately interested in employment, but the obtained results differed from the estimated variables. Respondents who were professionally trained for work, as well as those who were registered in the records of the National Employment Service, showed proactive attitudes towards employment. Family support was insufficient and the lack of support was the most pronounced among the respondents living in foster families. No statistically significant differences were found with regard to gender. Conclusion. The obtained results indicate the need to provide professional support to adults with intellectual disabilities regarding the importance of working in integrated employment, with simultaneous cooperation with family members. Also, further research is needed in order to profile work readiness more clearly and adequately plan various services for the inclusion of adults with intellectual disabilities in the world of work.
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