Cairo's 19th‐century buildings with historic and cultural importance are decorated with a prosperous coloring palette. In the present work, samples of pictorial layers and gilded surfaces from ...El‐Gawhara Palace, the Great mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha, and the Palace of Shubra were studied. Since there is a research gap concerning the painting materials in those monuments, the present study aims to characterize the pictorial surfaces in the studied buildings and to compare the results with other paintings from the same period. The material characterization included microscopic examination via an optical digital microscope. The surface morphology, microstructure, and the elemental identification were accomplished using a field‐emission scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray micro‐analyzer. In addition, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer was used to confirm some findings. The results allowed a sufficient understanding of the paint layers and their chemical nature. The analytical methods revealed ultramarine blue (Na7Al6Si6O24S3) as the blue coloring material in the studied buildings. Further, an obvious discoloration in the blue paint layer from El‐Gawhara Palace was reported. Green earth was identified in the great mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha and in Shubra Palace. Lead (II) oxide (massicot, PbO) was used for the yellow color in Shubra Palace and a mixture of lampblack and magnetite (Fe3O4) was possibly used for the black color in El‐Gawhara Palace. For the gilding technique in Shubra Palace, mechanically adhered gold‐silver leaves were preferred.
Amongst the historicist architectural and decorative projects of King Ludwig II of Bavaria, the apartments in his Munich residence and the palaces of Linderhof and Herrenchiemsee are influenced, ...respectively, by French-style baroque and then by rococo. In these palaces, five bedrooms were created in all, largely inspired by Ludwig’s admiration for Louis XIV’s state bedroom at Versailles and the literary descriptions of its bed. The largest and most sumptuous of these bedrooms is the state bedroom of the Herrenchiemsee palace, with its bed. This room was projected and designed from 1869 and executed between 1876 and 1883. The bed of the first bedroom at the Linderhof palace was planned from 1871 and completed in 1873. It was then abandoned and replaced in 1884 and the first bed was given to the Bavarian National Museum in 1887. In its original design, this bed shows several similarities with the one at the Herrenchiemsee palace, although the two beds have different stylistic references: the Herrenchiemsee one is influenced by the ornamental forms of the age of Louis XIV, whilst the Linderhof bed is of rococo inspiration. Another similarity between the two beds is to be seen in the main figures in their iconographic programmes. An important source for the ornamental details of the Linderhof bed can be identified: the works of Juste-Aurèle Meissonnier (1695-1750), which often inspired Ludwig II. Significant details such as the spring and horsehair mattress or the counterpane on a frame suspended high above the bed characterize it as work of the nineteenth century.
EN: Windows with a skater in the staircase of of the tenement house at 5 Piastowska St. in Toruń. The tenement house was built in 1905 in the Przedmieście św. Katarzyny District. The district was ...marked out in the 1880s. Earlier there were bastion fortifications. Since the 1890s in the area...(Full description available at www.pictures-bank.eu). Picture taken by Marek Wieczorek PL: Okna z łyżwiarką na klatce schodowej kamienicy z 1905 r. przy ul. Piastowskiej 5 w Toruniu. Kamienica powstała w końcu XIX w. na Przedmieściu Św. Katarzyny w Toruniu, dzielnicy, którą zaczęto wytyczać w latach 80. XIX w. na terenach dawniej zajmowanych przez fortyfikacje bastionowe. W latach 90. XIX w. na...(Pełen opis dostępny na stronie www.pictures-bank.eu). Autorem zdjęcia jest Marek Wieczorek
EN: Windows with a skater in the staircase of the tenement house at 5 Piastowska St. in Toruń. W 1905 roku powstał dom przedmieście. Katarzyna District. Powiat został oznaczony w 1880s. Fortyfikacje drabonów były tam. Pełny opis dostępne na stronie internetowej: pictures-bank. eu Picture taken by Marek Wieczorek PL: Window with a skater in the staircase of a tenement house in 1905. At ul. Piastowska 5 in Toruń. The tenement house was built in the late 19th century. In the suburbs of St. Katarzyna in Toruń, a district that began to be marked out in the 80s. Nineteenth century in areas formerly occupied by bastion fortifications. In the 90s Nineteenth century on... (For full description, see www.pictures-bank.eu). The author of the photo is Marek Wieczorek
EN: Windows with a skater in the staircase of the tenement house at 5 Piastowska St. in Toruń. W 1905 roku powstał dom przedmieście. Katarzyna District. Powiat został oznaczony w 1880s. Fortyfikacje ...drabonów były tam. Pełny opis dostępne na stronie internetowej: pictures-bank. eu Picture taken by Marek Wieczorek PL: Window with a skater in the staircase of a tenement house in 1905. At ul. Piastowska 5 in Toruń. The tenement house was built in the late 19th century. In the suburbs of St. Katarzyna in Toruń, a district that began to be marked out in the 80s. Nineteenth century in areas formerly occupied by bastion fortifications. In the 90s Nineteenth century on... (For full description, see www.pictures-bank.eu). The author of the photo is Marek Wieczorek
EN: Windows with a skater in the staircase of of the tenement house at 5 Piastowska St. in Toruń. The tenement house was built in 1905 in the Przedmieście św. Katarzyny District. The district was marked out in the 1880s. Earlier there were bastion fortifications. Since the 1890s in the area...(Full description available at www.pictures-bank.eu). Picture taken by Marek Wieczorek PL: Okna z łyżwiarką na klatce schodowej kamienicy z 1905 r. przy ul. Piastowskiej 5 w Toruniu. Kamienica powstała w końcu XIX w. na Przedmieściu Św. Katarzyny w Toruniu, dzielnicy, którą zaczęto wytyczać w latach 80. XIX w. na terenach dawniej zajmowanych przez fortyfikacje bastionowe. W latach 90. XIX w. na...(Pełen opis dostępny na stronie www.pictures-bank.eu). Autorem zdjęcia jest Marek Wieczorek
EN: Windows with a skater in the staircase of the tenement house at 5 Piastowska St. in Toruń. W 1905 roku powstał dom przedmieście. Katarzyna District. Powiat został oznaczony w 1880s. Fortyfikacje ...drabonów były tam. Pełny opis dostępne na stronie internetowej: pictures-bank. eu Picture taken by Marek Wieczorek PL: Window with a skater in the staircase of a tenement house in 1905. At ul. Piastowska 5 in Toruń. The tenement house was built in the late 19th century. In the suburbs of St. Katarzyna in Toruń, a district that began to be marked out in the 80s. Nineteenth century in areas formerly occupied by bastion fortifications. In the 90s Nineteenth century on... (For full description, see www.pictures-bank.eu). The author of the photo is Marek Wieczorek
EN: Windows with a skater in the staircase of of the tenement house at 5 Piastowska St. in Toruń. The tenement house was built in 1905 in the Przedmieście św. Katarzyny District. The district was marked out in the 1880s. Earlier there were bastion fortifications. Since the 1890s in the area...(Full description available at www.pictures-bank.eu). Picture taken by Marek Wieczorek PL: Okna z łyżwiarką na klatce schodowej kamienicy z 1905 r. przy ul. Piastowskiej 5 w Toruniu. Kamienica powstała w końcu XIX w. na Przedmieściu Św. Katarzyny w Toruniu, dzielnicy, którą zaczęto wytyczać w latach 80. XIX w. na terenach dawniej zajmowanych przez fortyfikacje bastionowe. W latach 90. XIX w. na...(Pełen opis dostępny na stronie www.pictures-bank.eu). Autorem zdjęcia jest Marek Wieczorek
EN: Windows with a skater in the staircase of the tenement house at 5 Piastowska St. in Toruń. W 1905 roku powstał dom przedmieście. Katarzyna District. Powiat został oznaczony w 1880s. Fortyfikacje ...drabonów były tam. Pełny opis dostępne na stronie internetowej: pictures-bank. eu Picture taken by Marek Wieczorek PL: Window with a skater in the staircase of a tenement house in 1905. At ul. Piastowska 5 in Toruń. The tenement house was built in the late 19th century. In the suburbs of St. Katarzyna in Toruń, a district that began to be marked out in the 80s. Nineteenth century in areas formerly occupied by bastion fortifications. In the 90s Nineteenth century on... (For full description, see www.pictures-bank.eu). The author of the photo is Marek Wieczorek
EN: Windows with a skater in the staircase of of the tenement house at 5 Piastowska St. in Toruń. The tenement house was built in 1905 in the Przedmieście św. Katarzyny District. The district was marked out in the 1880s. Earlier there were bastion fortifications. Since the 1890s in the area...(Full description available at www.pictures-bank.eu). Picture taken by Marek Wieczorek PL: Okna z łyżwiarką na klatce schodowej kamienicy z 1905 r. przy ul. Piastowskiej 5 w Toruniu. Kamienica powstała w końcu XIX w. na Przedmieściu Św. Katarzyny w Toruniu, dzielnicy, którą zaczęto wytyczać w latach 80. XIX w. na terenach dawniej zajmowanych przez fortyfikacje bastionowe. W latach 90. XIX w. na...(Pełen opis dostępny na stronie www.pictures-bank.eu). Autorem zdjęcia jest Marek Wieczorek
EN: Windows with a skater in the staircase of the tenement house at 5 Piastowska St. in Toruń. W 1905 roku powstał dom przedmieście. Katarzyna District. Powiat został oznaczony w 1880s. Fortyfikacje ...drabonów były tam. Pełny opis dostępne na stronie internetowej: pictures-bank. eu Picture taken by Marek Wieczorek PL: Window with a skater in the staircase of a tenement house in 1905. At ul. Piastowska 5 in Toruń. The tenement house was built in the late 19th century. In the suburbs of St. Katarzyna in Toruń, a district that began to be marked out in the 80s. Nineteenth century in areas formerly occupied by bastion fortifications. In the 90s Nineteenth century on... (For full description, see www.pictures-bank.eu). The author of the photo is Marek Wieczorek
EN: Windows with a skater in the staircase of of the tenement house at 5 Piastowska St. in Toruń. The tenement house was built in 1905 in the Przedmieście św. Katarzyny District. The district was marked out in the 1880s. Earlier there were bastion fortifications. Since the 1890s in the area...(Full description available at www.pictures-bank.eu). Picture taken by Marek Wieczorek PL: Okna z łyżwiarką na klatce schodowej kamienicy z 1905 r. przy ul. Piastowskiej 5 w Toruniu. Kamienica powstała w końcu XIX w. na Przedmieściu Św. Katarzyny w Toruniu, dzielnicy, którą zaczęto wytyczać w latach 80. XIX w. na terenach dawniej zajmowanych przez fortyfikacje bastionowe. W latach 90. XIX w. na...(Pełen opis dostępny na stronie www.pictures-bank.eu). Autorem zdjęcia jest Marek Wieczorek
fyysinen kuvaus: Maljan yläreuna ulostaivutettu ja poimutettu. Pohja valkoinen muuttuen sinisemmäksi reunaa kohti. Sanka kirkasta lasia.
Physical description: The upper edge of Malja is deflected and ...crinkled. Bottom white becoming bluer towards the edge. Sanka clear glass.
suolakko Ekholm, Carl Fridolf
valmistusaika 1876
Image
Odprti dostop
fyysinen kuvaus: Pyöreän lehden muotoinen suolakko, reunat pykäläiset. S-muotoinen korva, joka
muodostaa suolakon takajalan, toiset kaksi jalkaa C-kaariset.
Physical description: A round-leaved gut ...with ribs. S-shaped ear, which:
Forming the back leg of the gut, the other two feet C-arched.
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