While increasing transportation sustainability is an ongoing effort, measuring the results of these efforts is not a trivial task. Not only is indicator selection challenging, but efforts made to ...design useful indicators are often hampered by the presence of erroneous or incomplete data. Nevertheless, in this era of Big Data, the significant penetration of new technologies such as smartphones and smart infrastructure could hold the key to developing more relevant and comprehensive indicators. Here, we recall commonly used indicators and discuss the limitations of the data upon which they are built. We then describe several new technologies that hold promise for collection of more pertinent and accurate data sets for indicator development. Finally, we illustrate potential benefits and concerns of these approaches via discussion of possible indicator development from a one-day GPS trace. While the first and obvious application of new technologies will be to improve much needed accuracy, successfully combining different sources together could hold much potential from model calibration to real-time operations.
The recent fall of labor's share of GDP in numerous countries is well-documented, but its causes are poorly understood. We sketch a “superstar firm” model where industries are increasingly ...characterized by “winner take most” competition, leading a small number of highly profitable (and low labor share) firms to command growing market share. Building on Autor et al. (2017), we evaluate and confirm two core claims of the superstar firm hypothesis: the concentration of sales among firms within industries has risen across much of the private sector; and industries with larger increases in concentration exhibit a larger decline in labor's share.
TWITTER Y LA COMUNICACION POLITICA Campos-Domínguez, Eva
El profesional de la informacion,
2017, Letnik:
26, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Se presenta un panorama general de la investigación de Twitter en comunicación política y analiza las principales tendencias teóricas. Para ello, se rastrea el desarrollo de los trabajos científicos ...sobre Twitter, iniciados tras su aparición en 2006, y considera tres áreas principales: la primera, la investigación centrada en el uso que los emisores y receptores (políticos, partidos, medios y ciudadanos) realizan de la plataforma; la segunda, en el debate político en Twitter y sus efectos; la tercera, en la campaña electoral, las innovaciones de estrategia y uso que se experimentan y catalizan durante estos períodos de contienda electoral. Por último, se plantean unas consideraciones Anales que ponen de relieve espacios para ahondar en el desarrollo académico de Twitter y la comunicación política.
The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic has caused an evolution in the business use of Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and New Technologies in general. The general objective of the article is to assess ...how this process developed during the pandemic in the use and standardization of Big Data, digitalization, the use of data in the private sector and in the public administration and to assess whether it has been used to modernize and digitalize the post-pandemic society. The specific objectives of the article are: 1) the impact of new technologies on society during confinement; 2) to understand the use of Big Data for the creation of new products and businesses and 3) to assess which businesses and companies and from which economic sectors have emerged, which have been transformed and which have disappeared.
•During the pandemic, the use of new technologies was critical for the continuation of activities for countries.•New technologies have been used in all economic and social sectors.•The new technologies have been beneficial because societies would have collapsed without them.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may induce several vascular endothelial-dependent systemic complications, and sulodexide has pleiotropic actions on the vascular ...endothelium, which may prove beneficial. We aimed to assess the effect of sulodexide when used within 3 days of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) clinical onset. We conducted a randomized placebo-controlled outpatient trial. To be included, patients must have been at high risk for severe clinical progression. Participants received sulodexide (oral 1,000 LRU/d) or placebo for 21 days. The primary endpoint was the need for hospital care. Also assessed were patients' need for supplemental oxygen as well as D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, thromboembolic events, major bleeding, and mortality. A total of 243 patients were included in the per-protocol analysis from June 5 to August 30, 2020. Of these, 124 received sulodexide and 119 received a placebo. Only 17.7% of the patients in the sulodexide group required hospitalization, compared with 29.4% in the placebo group (
p
= 0.03). This benefit persisted in the intention-to-treat analysis (15% in sulodexide group vs. 24% with placebo
p
= 0.04). With sulodexide, fewer patients required supplemental oxygen (30 vs. 42%
p
= 0.05). After 2 weeks, fewer patients had D-dimer levels >500 ng/dL (22 vs. 47%
p
< 0.01), and patients also had lower mean CRP levels (12.5 vs. 17.8 mg/dL
p
< 0.01). There were no between-group differences in thromboembolic events, major bleeding, or mortality. Treatment of COVID-19 patients with sulodexide, when provided within 3 days of clinical onset, improved their clinical outcomes. Although the results should be confirmed, sulodexide could be valuable in an outpatient setting.
Several recent theories emphasize the negative effects of an aging population on economic growth, either because of the lower labor force participation and productivity of older workers or because ...aging will create an excess of savings over desired investment, leading to secular stagnation. We show that there is no such negative relationship in the data. If anything, countries experiencing more rapid aging have grown more in recent decades. We suggest that this counterintuitive finding might reflect the more rapid adoption of automation technologies in countries undergoing more pronounced demographic changes and provide evidence and theoretical underpinnings for this argument.
Starting from the relationship between urban planning and mobility management, TeMA has gradually expanded the view of the covered topics, always remaining in the groove of rigorous scientific ...in-depth analysis. This section of the Journal, Review Notes, is the expression of continuously updating emerging topics concerning relationships between urban planning, mobility and environment, through a collection of short scientific papers written by young researchers. The Review Notes are made of four parts. Each section examines a specific aspect of the broader information storage within the main interests of TeMA Journal. In particular, the Urban Practices section aims at producing, analyzing and reporting data on recent and relevant policies in the urban domain. This contribution aims at delving into the Energy Community paradigm and its application into the Italian context. The concept of energy communities has gained significant attention and recognition in both the European and Italian contexts. These communities are based on the idea of decentralizing energy production and fostering local participation in the transition to renewable energy sources. Since only recently the legislative panorama provided a set of limits and opportunities to the implementation of energy communities, this note is dedicated to some of the most interesting spontaneous experiences recently born in Italy, to highlight their strengths and weaknesses.
Clusters becoming important field in Lithuania. Clusters aim to join forces to gain mutual benefits, accelerate the process of developing new products, services or technologies, and bring them to ...market, foster innovation and collaborate on science and business. Clusters in Lithuania have benefit: stimulates innovation and growth, promotes the transfer of knowledge and helps develop new ideas and business, promotes export development, contributes to the internationalization of enterprises, helps to reach foreign markets and find new business partners, helps attract new technologies, skilled labor, investment in research and development and innovation, strengthens the human, technical, scientific, capital, innovation, partnership and other capabilities of individual cluster members, provides access to unique, specialized resources and enhances the competitive advantage of cluster members, helps to reduce the costs of small and medium-sized enterprises, prepare SMEs for growth, helps reduce risk and increases the likelihood of success in selecting new R&D trends.
Viral diseases provide a major challenge to twenty-first century agriculture worldwide. Climate change and human population pressures are driving rapid alterations in agricultural practices and ...cropping systems that favor destructive viral disease outbreaks. Such outbreaks are strikingly apparent in subsistence agriculture in food-insecure regions. Agricultural globalization and international trade are spreading viruses and their vectors to new geographical regions with unexpected consequences for food production and natural ecosystems. Due to the varying epidemiological characteristics of diverent viral pathosystems, there is no one-size-fits-all approach toward mitigating negative viral disease impacts on diverse agroecological production systems. Advances in scientific understanding of virus pathosystems, rapid technological innovation, innovative communication strategies, and global scientific networks provide opportunities to build epidemiologic intelligence of virus threats to crop production and global food security. A paradigm shift toward deploying integrated, smart, and eco-friendly strategies is required to advance virus disease management in diverse agricultural cropping systems.
Cyberthreats and Healthcare Tin, Derrick; Hata, Ryan; Staynings, Richard ...
Prehospital and disaster medicine,
05/2023, Letnik:
38, Številka:
S1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Introduction:
Cyberattacks against healthcare have been growing at an alarming rate globally targeting the theft of clinical research intellectual property, personally identifiable information, and ...personal health information. Recent studies have also shown a concerning correlation between cyberattacks and patient morbidity and mortality rates. Many top security experts consider cyberattacks a top national security concern.This paper is a descriptive analysis of healthcare-related breaches in the United States in the past decade and an analysis of cybersecurity threats that are currently facing the industry.
Method:
Breach reports of unsecured protected health information affecting 500 or more individuals in the US are publicly accessible through the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office for Civil Rights portal. The database was downloaded and searched for all reported breaches occurring between January 1, 2011 - December 31, 2021. Breaches were subdivided by states, dates, location, entity type, and individuals affected.
Results:
Of the 3,822 PHI breaches recorded, 1,593 (41.7%) were hacking/IT related, 1,055 (27.6%) were listed as unknown, 819 (21.4%) were theft related, 194 (5.1%) were loss related, 97 (2.5%) were related to improper disposal and 64 (1.7%) were listed as “others.”
Breaches occurred within the main categories as follows: network server (957 25%), email (877 23%), paper/films (665 17%), other (454 12%), laptop (341 9%), desktop (309 8%), and electronic medical records (220 6%).
Conclusion:
A total of 3,822 breaches affecting 283,335,803 people in the United States were recorded from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2021.
The most reported breaches were from healthcare providers with 2,827 (75.1%) events, followed by health plans (500 13.1%), business associates (480 12.6%) and healthcare clearinghouses (10 0.3%). 4 (0.1%) breaches were from unknown sources.
This report may help healthcare providers understand the extent of the issue and mitigate some of the associated risks.
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