A novel and sensitive extraction procedure using maghemite nanoparticles (γ-Fe2O3) modified with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), as an efficient solid phase, was developed for removal, preconcentration ...and spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of oxymetholone (OXM), in the presence of mestanolone (MSL). Combination of nanoparticle adsorption and easily magnetic separation was used for the extraction and desorption of OXM. The preparation of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were obtained by co-precipitation method and their surfaces were modified by SDS. The size and properties of the produced γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis, FT-IR and scanning electron microscopy measurements. OXM and MSL became adsorbed at pH 3.0. The adsorbed drugs were then desorbed and determined spectrophotometrically using a selective complexation reaction for OXM. The calibration graph was linear in the range 15.0–3300.0ngmL−1 of OXM with a correlation coefficient of 0.9948. The detection limit of the method for determination of OXM was 4.0ngmL−1. The method was applied for the determination of OXM in human urine samples.
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•The prepared maghemite nanoparticles were characterized by different methods.•The nanoparticles were used for the rapid and selective determination of oxymetholone.•The spectrophotometric determination of OXM in the presence of its metabolite was obtained.
Summary
Progressive cytopenia is a serious complication among paediatric patients with inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS). Androgens have been used to improve blood counts in different ...bone marrow failure conditions. Little is known about efficacy and toxicity with new androgens (i.e., danazol) in different types of IBMFS. We identified 29 patients from the Canadian Inherited Marrow Failure Registry, who received oxymetholone or danazol. Sixteen (55%) had haematological response including patients with unclassified IBMFS (45%). Danazol showed a better toxicity profile and similar efficacy compared to oxymetholone. Androgens are an effective and safe option to ameliorate bone marrow failure in IBMFS.
Background: Oxymetholone, an anabolic-androgenic steroid, has been used to treat some diseases. The abuse of this compound, especially for muscle growth, has severe oxidative side effects on the ...liver and kidneys. Oxidative stress and free radicals are responsible for the development of various diseases. Phytochemicals are sources of polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, etc. and may act as scavengers of free radicals. Saffron (Crocus sativus) has considerable antioxidant properties, which may be useful in reversing or preventing these negative effects. Methods: To evaluate the effects of saffron on the liver and kidneys degenerative changes induced by oxymetholone, 24 male Wistar rats were used. The rats were randomly divided into four groups of six rats each as: a) sham (normal saline, 40 mg/kg/day), b) saffron control (40 mg/kg/day), c) oxymetholone (50 mg/rat), and d) treatment group saffron (40 mg/kg/day)+oxymetholone (50 mg/rat). The course of examination was 30 days. Results: After one month, the sham and saffron control groups had normal histological findings. The treatment group with saffron showed a significant reduction in the hepatic and renal degenerative changes induced by oxymetholone compared to those observed in group. Conclusion: Based on the histopathological results, the use of saffron produced protective effects against the degenerative changes in rats’ liver and kidneys induced by oxymetholone.
Dyskeratosis congenita (DKC) is a rare inherited disease of impaired telomere maintenance that progressively leads to multi-organ failure, including the bone marrow. By enhancing telomerase activity, ...androgen derivatives (ADs) are a potential therapeutic option able to re-elongate previously shortened telomeres. Danazol, oxymetholone, and nandrolone are ADs most frequently used to treat DKC. However, no direct in vitro analyses comparing the efficacy of these ADs have been conducted so far. We therefore treated mononuclear cells derived from peripheral blood and bone marrow of four patients with mutations in telomerase reverse transcriptase (
,
= 1),in the telomerase RNA component (TERC,
= 2) and in dyskerin pseudouridine synthase 1 (
,
= 1) and found no substantial differences in the activity of these three agents in patients with
mutations. All AD studied produced comparable improvements of proliferation rates as well as degrees of telomere elongation. Increased
expression levels were shown with danazol and oxymetholone. The beneficial effects of all ADs on proliferation of bone marrow progenitors could be reversed by tamoxifen, an estrogen antagonist abolishing estrogen receptor-mediated
expression, thereby underscoring the involvement of
in AD mechanism of action. In conclusion, no significant differences in the ability to functionally enhance telomerase activity could be observed for the three AD studied in vitro. Physicians therefore might choose treatment based on patients' individual co-morbidities, e.g., pre-existing liver disease and expected side-effects.
Testicular tissue and sex hormones are sensitive to the anabolic steroids (oxymetholone/OM) due to increased free radical damage and hormonal changes. The Nasturtium officinale L. have various ...antioxidant compounds. The aim of the present study was to investigate N. officinale effect on OM‐induced oxidative injury in mouse testis and sperm parameters. Thirty BALB/c mice were divided into five groups, including control, OM (5 ml/kg) and three N. officinale doses (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) + OM. At the end of the study (40 days), serum luteinising hormone (LH), follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, nitric oxide (NO) levels, ferric reducing ability of power (FRAP) and testis stereological factors were measured. The sperm parameters were evaluated. Liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionisation‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI/MS) analysis was yielded a fingerprint of N. officinale phenolic constituents. 100 mg/kg of N. officinale extract significantly reduced the serum level of testosterone and a significant increase in LH and FSH in comparison with the control group. This dose also significantly improved the stereological factors and sperm parameters. 50 and 100 mg/kg of N. officinale extract significantly increased the testis tissue FRAP levels, and 100 doses reduced the serum levels of NO. Fourteen compounds and 34 peaks were identified in the extract with LC‐ESI/MS. Nasturtium officinale extract has protective effects against testicular toxicity caused by OM.
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