BURDUR PALEOLİTİK ÇAĞ YÜZEY ARAŞTIRMASI-2021 FINDIK, Betül; MAYDA, Serdar; DEMİREL, Fatma Arzu ...
Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü dergisi,
05/2022
35
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Burdur’un daha önce Paleolitik Çağ açısından yeterince araştırılmamış olması, konumu ve coğrafyası nedeniyle olası potansiyeli göz önüne alınarak 2021 yılında “Burdur İli Paleolitik Çağ Yüzey ...Araştırması”na başlanmıştır. 2021 araştırma sezonunda Bucak ve Kemer ilçelerinde yürütülen arazi çalışmalarında yaygın yaya yüzey araştırması yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Ekibimiz, uygun alanlarda 5’er metre aralıklarla yürüyerek arazi taraması yapmıştır. Ancak araştırma alanlarımızın daha çok, dağlık, kayalık ve yer yer sık çalı örtülerinin bulunduğu alanlardan oluşması nedeniyle bu yöntem yalnızca tarla, bahçe gibi düzlük alanlarda uygulanabilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, elde edilen yontmataş bulgular daha çok Alt ve Orta Paleolitik dönemlere ait özellikler göstermektedir. Bununla birlikte Paleolitik Çağ’ın daha geç dönemlerine işaret eden az sayıda bulgu da mevcuttur. Gerek Bucak gerekse Kemer’de yapılan araştırmalar net olarak dönemsel ayrımlar yapmaya olanak verecek karakteristik bulgular vermemiştir. Her iki alanda devam edecek çalışmaların yeni bulgularla, daha net sonuçlar vereceği kanısındayız.
The "Paleolithic Age Survey of the Province of Burdur" was started in 2021, considering the possible potential of Burdur due to its location and geography, and the fact that Burdur had not been adequately explored in terms of the Paleolithic Age before. In the 2021 season, extensive pedestrian survey method was applied in the field studies carried out in Bucak and Kemer districts. Our team has scanned the land by walking at 5 meter intervals in suitable areas. The chipped stone findings obtained in the study mostly show features belonging to the Lower and Middle Paleolithic periods. However, there are few findings pointing to the later periods of the Paleolithic Age. Research conducted in Bucak and Kemer has not yielded characteristic findings that will allow to make clear periodic distinctions. We believe that further studies will yield clearer results with new findings.
V Julijskih Alpah, v gorah Zgornjega Posočja, je bilo v zadnjih dveh desetletjih in pol odkritih več planih najdišč kamnitih artefaktov, pripisanih mezolitiku. V članku predstavljamo dve najdišči ...kamnitih artefaktov na planini Leskovca v Krnskem pogorju, med seboj oddaljeni 150 metrov: Leskovca I in II. Predstavljamo površinsko zbrane najdbe in rezultate arheološkega izkopavanja na Leskovci II. Zaradi odsotnosti organskih ostankov, ki bi jih lahko zanesljivo povezali s kamnitimi artefakti, je kulturno-kronološka opredelitev obeh najdišč možna le na podlagi tipo-tehnološke analize kamnitih artefaktov. Rezultat ni enoznačen, najdišči lahko pripadata končnemu paleolitiku (epigravetjenu) ali starejšemu mezolitiku (sovterjenu).
East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) region has a strategic role in the past, particularly as the human and fauna migration routes in East Indonesia. This research aims to recognize the potential of Palaeolithic ...culture in NTT which needs to be studied again, and its prospect regarding archaeological research. This research is a descriptive research using inductive approach in which the data were collected through literature study. The data were analyzed through descriptivequalitative approach. This research shows that NTT as an outmost area has Palaeolithic culture remains from Pleistocene period which has strategic roles and archaeological research prospect, particularly regarding to trace migration route of prehistoric people and their culture in the eastern Indonesia. Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) mempunyai peran strategis dalam kehidupan masa lampau, terutama sebagai jalur migrasi manusia maupun fauna di wilayah Indonesia Timur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi budaya Paleolitik di NTT yang perlu dikaji kembali dan prospeknya terhadap penelitian arkeologi di masa depan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan penalaran induktif yang datanya dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka. Data dianalisis melalui pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa wilayah NTT sebagai wilayah terluar memiliki tinggalan budaya Paleolitik dari kala Pleistosen yang mempunyai peran strategis dan prospek penelitian arkeologi, terutama dalam kaitannya melacak jalur migrasi manusia purba dan budayanya di wilayah Indonesia Timur.
Study about “Homo erectus, It’s Culture and Environments” are a never ending topic and will always remain as a challenge for the archaeologists. The presence of Homo erectus and it’s cultures are ...importance assets for understanding the history of human settlements in Indonesia; since when; how the physical and cultural developed; until how far the distribution take place. “State of The Art” of this research showing that the remaining fossil of Homo erectus was concentrated in Java. While generally, only faunal and cultural remains were found outside Java.Indonesia (especially Java), is one of the country which have the most complete for Homo erectus remains in the world, and mostly (65%) are found in Sangiran site, Central Java. But how about outside Java? Is it true that Homo erectus was lived in Flores? This are the problems that researchers in Puslitbang Arkenas are trying to resolve or the past fi ve decades. Based on the evidence of the archaeological remains (artefacts and confects) that have been founded in Soa Basin (Middle Flores), predicted that prehistoric life in this area already begins long time ago, between Lower Pleistocene – beginning of Middle Pleistocene. From several stone tools associates with a stegodon fossil, Verhoeven suggested that artefacts made by Homo erectus around 750.000 years ago. The result of this present study confi rmed the Verhoeven hypothesis. Soa Basin is a archaeological site complex with abundant of artefacts and faunal fossils. Even the Homo erectus fossils not found yet, the assemblages of artefacts and faunal fossils (such as Stegodon, crocodile, komodo, land turtle, and a kind of giant rodent) were found in several sites around Soa Basin. These artefacts and faunal remains are already supported by absolute dating to sure the age of these assemblages. The existence of stone tools also support the evidences that Soa Basin area were occupied by Homo erectus around Pleistocene period. Kajian tentang tema’Manusia Purba, Budaya dan Lingkungannya” merupakan topik yang tidak pernah usang dan selalu menjadi tantangan bagi para peneliti. Hadirnya manusia purba dan budayanya merupakan aset penting bagi pemahaman sejarah hunian di Nusantara; sejak kapan kehadirannya, bagaimana perkembangan fi sik dan budayanya, serta sampai sejauhmana persebarannya. Dari hasilhasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa tinggalan fosil manusia purba lebih terkonsentrasi di Jawa, sedangkan di luar Jawa umumnya hanya ditemukan sisa-sisa fauna dan budayanya Kawasan Nusantara (terutama di Jawa) merupakan salah satu negara yang memiliki tinggalan manusia purba paling lengkap di dunia. Dari berbagai temuan fosil-fosil manusia purba di seluruh dunia, hampir 65 % nya ditemukan di Indonesia (terutama dari Situs Sangiran). Lalu bagaimana dengan di luar Jawa, apakah benar manusia purba (Homo erectus) pernah hidup di Flores ? Permasalahan inilah yang akan coba dipecahkan melalui hasil-hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan oleh Puslitbang Arkenas dalam dekade 5 (lima) tahun terakhir ini. Berdasarkan bukti-bukti temuan arkeologis (artefak dan ekofak) yang didapatkan dalam penelitian di Cekungan Soa (Flores Tengah), memprediksikan bahwa kehidupan purba di wilayah ini sudah berlangsung sejak lama, yaitu pada kurun waktu antara Pleistosen Bawah – awal Pleistosen Tengah. Dari beberapa temuan artefak batu yang berasosiasi dengan fosil Stegodon, Verhoeven menduga bahwa pembuat artefak ini adalah manusia purba Homo erectus yang berasal dari kurun waktu sekitar 750.000 tahun lalu. Hasil-hasil penelitian sejauh ini semakin mengkonfi rmasikan hipotesis Verhoeven tersebut. Wilayah Cekungan Soa merupakan kompleks situs purba yang kaya akan artefak dan fosil fauna. Walaupun belum menemukan sisa manusianya, namun penemuan himpunan artefak dan fosil-fosil fauna (antara lain Stegodon, buaya, komodo, kura-kura darat, dan sejenis tikus besar) di berbagai situs di Cekungan Soa sudah diperkuat dengan data pertanggalan absolut, sehingga dapat diketahui umurnya secara pasti. Keberadaan alat-alat batu tersebut semakin memperkuat bukti bahwa di wilayah Cekungan Soa pernah menjadi ajang aktivitas manusia purba (Homo erectus) pada kurun waktu yang sangat tua (Kala Pleistosen).
Kaštel Štafilić – Resnik prvi je sustavno istraživan podvodni paleolitički lokalitet u Hrvatskoj. Lokalitet je smješten u Kaštelanskom zaljevu u srednjoj Dalmaciji koja je, kao i cijeli jadranski ...bazen, prošla kroz geomorfološke promjene uzrokovane, među ostalim i marinskom transgresijom. Podizanje razine mora na prijelazu iz pleistocena u holocen utjecalo je na destrukciju pleistocenskih slojeva i potapanje lokaliteta. Nalazi su tipološki smješteni u mustjersku kulturu, uz iznimku nekolicine nalaza koji pripadaju gornjem paleolitiku. U radu su predstavljeni rezultati tehnološke i tipološke analize nalaza koje je prikupio I. Svilan u Kaštelanskom zaljevu i, po prvi puta, sirovinske analize litičkih nalaza iz sustavnih istraživanja, ali i iz zbirke I. Svilana, koji potvrđuju Kaštelanski zaljev kao mjesto boravka neandertalaca u srednjem paleolitiku.
Kaštel Štafilić – Resnik is the first underwater Paleolithic site in Croatia to be systematically investigated. The site is located in the Kaštela Bay in central Dalmatia which, like the rest of the Adriatic Basin, has undergone geomorphological changes caused, among other factors, by marine transgression. Sea level rise at the Pleistocene to Holocene transition destructively affected the Pleistocene strata and caused the submergence of the site. The lithic finds are typologically placed in the Mousterian culture, with the exception of a few finds belonging to the Upper Paleolithic. The paper presents the results of technological and typological analysis of findings collected by I. Svilan in Kaštela Bay and, for the first time, raw material analysis of lithic finds from systematic research but also from the collection of I. Svilan, which confirm that Neanderthals occupied Kaštela Bay during the Middle Paleolithic.
The province of Maluku is consists of number of islands (including Seram island) is served as of the areas in the eastern part of Indonesia that have a key role for study of life in the past. ...Geographically position as the bordered area between Australia and Irian island has played a strategic role as the routes for human and faunal migration. An indication for ancient human occupation in this areas has been shwoed by the presence of cultural remains of Palaeolithic tools. Palaeolithic culture (palaeo=ancient; lithic/lithos=stone) is stone tools used by Homo erectus from the Pleistocene period. The Palaeolithic cultural remains from Seram island is very limitedly known; and the results of archaeological researches by Puslit Arkenas (National Research Centre for Archaeology) in 2012 has been found of Palaeolithic tools on this areas. This fact proves that Seram island has interesting for migration routes of human ancient occupation and their culture in the eastern part of Indonesia. Study of palaeolithic culture used by comparative-exsplorative methods (contextual) and technologic overview. Provinsi Maluku yang terdiri beberapa kepulauan (salah satunya Pulau Seram) merupakan salah satu wilayah di Indonesia Timur yang mempunyai peranan penting dalam mengungkap sejarah kehidupan masa lalu. Secara geografis, posisi keletakannya yang sangat strategis di antara Pulau Irian dan benua Australia merupakan jalur lintasan migrasi bagi manusia dan fauna. Salah satu tujuan untuk mengetahui proses kedatangan awal manusia di wilayah ini adalah melalui tinggalan budayanya, yaitu alat-alat Paleolitik. Budaya Paleolitik (paleo = tua; litik/lithos = batu) adalah perkakas dari batu yang diduga digunakan oleh manusia awal (Homo erectus) sejak munculnya di muka bumi pada Kala Pleistosen. Tinggalan budaya Paleolitik di Pulau Seram selama ini sangat jarang sekali informasinya, namun hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Puslit Arkenas pada tahun 2012 telah membuktikan adanya temuan alat-alat batu tua di wilayah ini. Bukti-bukti temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa Pulau Seram mempunyai peranan yang penting sebagai jalur migrasi manusia awal dan budayanya di wilayah Indonesia Timur. Kajian budaya paleolitik ini mempergunakan metode eksploratif-komparatif (kontekstual) dan pengamatan teknologis.
Mustjerska industrija špilje Veternice Banda, Marko; Karavanić, Ivor
Prilozi Instituta za arheologiju u Zagrebu,
12/2019, Letnik:
36, Številka:
-
Journal Article, Paper
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Špilja Veternica nalazište je srednjega paleolitika na jugozapadnome dijelu planine Medvednice u Hrvatskoj. Nalazište je od 1951. do 1955. i 1971. godine istraživano i u njemu su prikupljene stotine ...kamenih izrađevina mustjerske kulture. Ovaj rad donosi litičku analizu tih izrađevina i, usprkos pomiješanim nalazima iz više slojeva, važne podatke o tehnologiji, tipologiji i korištenju sirovina. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata i usporedbe s drugim nalazištima u susjednim prostorima, srednjopaleolitička industrija Veternica smještena je u kronološki i kulturni okvir.
Veternica Cave is a Middle Paleolithic site located on the southwestern part of Medvednica Mountain, Croatia. From 1951 to 1955 and in 1971 the site was excavated and hundreds of stone artefacts of the Mousterian culture were collected. This paper presents a lithic analysis of these artefacts and, in spite of mixed finds from multiple layers, gives important data on technology, typology and raw material use. Based on the results and the comparison with other sites in the neighbouring regions, the Middle Paleolithic industry of Veternica is placed in a chronological and cultural framework.
Izvor – špilja Ričina u Buškome jezeru Vujević, Dario; Dilber, Stipan
Prilozi Instituta za arheologiju u Zagrebu,
2018, Letnik:
35, Številka:
-
Journal Article, Paper
Recenzirano
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Izvor – špilja Ričina nalazi se na širem području zaseoka Vrilo u blizini Tomislavgrada. Dio je većega kompleksa, točnije riječ je o tri špiljska ulaza međusobno povezana špiljskim kanalima koji su ...nastali korozivnim djelovanjem snažnoga podzemnog toka. Za vrijeme viših vodostaja akumulacijskoga jezera kompleks, ali i područje uokolo je potopljeno. Špiljski kompleks je već prije speleološki dokumentiran, a prilikom jednoga posjeta speleolozi su ispred špilje uočili ostatke kremenoga oruđa. Pronalazak je potaknuo arheološka istraživanja prilikom kojih je, ispred ulaza u pećinu, pronađeno mjesto izrade litičkih predmeta. Tanki kulturni sloj i prostorna dispozicija nalaza asocira na sekundarni položaj nalaza, ali geomorfološke karakteristike terena pokazuju da je, ipak, riječ o izvornoj zoni litičke obrade. Postojanje gotovo svih faza lanca operacija (nedostaje jedino faza prikupljanja sirovine) ukazuje kako se cjelokupni proces obrade odvijao na ovome mjestu. Iako kronološke analize za sada nisu moguće, tipološke i tehnološke karakteristike, uz pojavu obrađenih sječiva, grebala i pločica s hrptom, sasvim jasno ukazuju na epigravetijensku kulturu. Time nalazište na izvoru Ričine postaje prvo paleolitičko nalazište na prostoru zapadne Hercegovine
The Ričina spring cave is located in the wider region of the Vrilo hamlet in the vicinity of Tomislavgrad. It is a part of a larger complex, more precisely there are three cave entrances mutually connected with cave channels, created as a consequence of the corrosive activity of a strong underground stream. The complex and the surrounding region are flooded when there is a high water level in the reservoir. The cave complex
has already been documented speleologically, and remains of stone tools were noticed by speleologists in one of their visits to the cave. This discovery incited archaeological research that resulted in the identification of a place in front of the cave where lithic objects were made. The thin cultural layer and spatial disposition of the finds imply their secondary position, but the geomorphological characteristics of the terrain indicate that it was the original zone of lithic production. The presence of almost all the phases of the operational sequence (only the collection of raw material is missing) indicates that the entire process of production happened at this spot. Though chronological analyses are unavailable for the time being, typological and technological characteristics, along with the presence of retouched blades, end scrapers and backed bladelets, clearly indicate the Epigravettian culture. It means that the site at the source of Ričina is the first Palaeolithic site in the western Herzegovina region
Within the scope of our study, totally 261 chipped stone tools which are found from the Lower Paleolithic layers of Karain Cave have been analyzed techno-typologically. The studies revealed that the ...chipped stone tool industry shows Lower Paleolithic Tayacian culture's features. The radiolarite sources near Karain had been preferred frequently in the production of Tayacian Industry. Also it was seen that the intstone was used in more lower ratios. The technological data which were detected on chipped stone tools show that the technique of direct percussion with hard hammer had been preferred. There is no evidence that reects Levallois technology. According to the typological observations, many different chipped stone tool types have been identified. Also, based on the studies conducted on the tools, it is seen that the predominant retouch type is the scaled type retouch. The results in the scope of the study offer a database that provides a better understanding of the Karain Lower Paleolithic chipped stone tool industry.
Članak donosi rezultate litičke analize materijala s nalazišta
Malo polje – Krban kod Trogira. Među približno šest tisuća litičkih
nalaza prevladavaju geofakti, ali prisutni su i artefakti koji
su ...podrobnije analizirani. Artefakti uglavnom potječu iz razdoblja
srednjeg paleolitika (centripetalne jezgre, strugala), dok su
oni potencijalno datirani u gornji paleolitik rijetki. S obzirom na
ostale nalaze i nalazišta srednjega paleolitika u bližoj i daljoj
okolici, ovaj lokalitet dodatno potvrđuje prisutnost neandertalaca
na širem prostoru Trogira i Kaštela, što je i značajka širega
jadranskog prostora.
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