Este artigo parte da situação de chegada de uma mulher ao pronto atendimento psiquiátrico para considerar o conflito de interpretações que se abre entre o contexto religioso, no qual se articula o ...gesto da protagonista para sua família, e o contexto psiquiátrico, que reconhece no comportamento um surto psicótico. Para isso, inicia indicando o objetivo da Psicopatologia como ciência autônoma, como definida por Jaspers. Com apoio da distinção entre psicologia explicativa e descritiva, de Dilthey, mostra como é a primeira que vige na Psicopatologia moderna. Considerando a hermenêutica como processo de desvelamento de sentido, o artigo mostra a oposição de dois horizontes hermenêuticos: o fenômeno psicopatológico, para a psiquiatria, e o gesto purificador, no contexto hermenêutico religioso indicado pela família da protagonista. Ocorre um conflito de interpretações, como descrito por Ricouer. Por fim, recorrendo à Daseinsanalyse e à condição humana como ter-que-ser, dá um passo na direção de compreender o duplo sentido do gesto: como um modo de expiação de culpa, concomitantemente respondendo à condição humana de ser responsável por seu ser.
In cases of complicity in one’s own unfreedom and in structural injustice, it initially appears that agents are only vicariously responsible for their complicity because of the roles circumstantial ...and constitutive luck play in bringing about their complicity. By drawing on work from the phenomenological tradition, this paper rejects this conclusion and argues for a new responsive sense of agency and responsibility in cases of complicity. Highlighting the explanatory role of stubbornness in cases of complicity, it is argued that although agents may only be vicariously responsible for becoming complicit, they can be held more directly responsible for entrenching their complicity. The complicit agent is responsible for their complicity to the extent that they fail to take responsibility for it.
The question of whether a proper phenomenological investigation and analysis requires one to perform the epoché and the reduction has not only been discussed within phenomenological philosophy. It is ...also very much a question that has been hotly debated within qualitative research. Amedeo Giorgi, in particular, has insisted that no scientific research can claim phenomenological status unless it is supported by some use of the epoché and reduction. Giorgi partially bases this claim on ideas found in Husserl’s writings on phenomenological psychology. In the present paper, I discuss Husserl’s ideas and argue that while the epoché and the reduction are crucial for transcendental phenomenology, it is much more questionable whether they are also relevant for a non-philosophical application of phenomenology.
Phenomenological approach is one of the leading approaches in the practice of qualitative psychological research. Two perspectives can be distinguished in it: descriptive phenomenology and ...interpretive phenomenology. A researcher intending to apply a phenomenological strategy is expected to be able to practice the phenomenological attitude, which plays a key role both in the process of data collection and analysis. This article focuses on the field of descriptive phenomenology based on E. Husserl’s philosophy and represented by A. Giorgi and F. Wertz in the context of phenomenological psychology. The purpose of the article is to reveal the essential characteristics of the phenomenological attitude, to unfold theoretical emphases and to provide certain practical insights for those researchers who decided to conduct a descriptive phenomenological study. Literature analysis is used to achieve the goal. The phenomenological attitude is described using two contexts – E. Husserl’s phenomenological philosophy and the phenomenological psychology based on its assumptions – briefly presenting both, revealing their connections and distinguishing features.
This special issue collects papers that explore the relationship between phenomenology and mindfulness with the goal of creating a fruitful dialogue between these two traditions, so as to bring into ...relief the overlaps and incongruities, exploring historical as well as systematic connections. Both phenomenology and mindfulness are inclusively construed: the former (phenomenology) is understood as an umbrella term that includes philosophers and approaches that follow directly from Brentano’s and Husserl’s phenomenological discoveries. For this reason, the issue will focus on phenomenology as a method as well as a philosophical approach with a major emphasis on Husserl’s, Heidegger’s, and Merleau-Ponty’s approach. The latter (mindfulness) includes a wide range of conceptions of mindfulness, from Buddhist-inspired strands of meditation practices and theories to Stoic-inspired. The journal issue takes into consideration the potential benefits that such a theme would have to clinical psychology by exploring the existing connection between mindfulness, well-being, and self-exploration. In particular, in this special issue we will point out how the phenomenological approach to mindfulness can help to further the understanding of such notions as “attention,” “authenticity,” “time,” “dignity,” and more.
Finding a scientific, third-person explanation of subjective experience or phenomenal content is commonly called the "hard problem" of consciousness. There has recently been a surge in ...neuropsychological research on meditation in general and long-term meditators in particular. These experimental subjects are allegedly capable of generating a stable state of consciousness over a prolonged period of time, which makes experimentation with them an interesting paradigm for consciousness research. This perspective article starts out with a historical reconstruction of the "hard problem," tracing it back to Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and Emil du Bois-Reymond in the 18th and 19th century, respectively, and the problem of introspection as already acknowledged by Wilhelm Wundt in the 19th century. It then discusses the prospects of research on long-term meditators from a contemporary perspective and with respect to the neurophenomenological research program already advocated by Francisco J. Varela.
Against a background of promoting the industrialization of higher education in Macau due to COVID-19's damage to the territory's major industry—gambling, the present study adopted phenomenological ...psychology to explore teachers' lived experience of being pedagogical in a university with a neoliberal vision and mission. Using a general structure, the findings revealed that teachers encountered challenges being pedagogical. These challenges emerged not only due to the university's corporate management, but more importantly because of a shift in perceptions—where students became like customers and teachers became self-interested—which made pedagogical relationships difficult to establish. Furthermore, teachers were found to develop negative emotions when their pedagogical actions or intentions conflicted with neoliberalism. The findings suggest that pedagogy in higher education is being challenged and transformed.
Abstract
This critical review examines the connections between the neurodiversity paradigm and psychotherapy for autistic individuals. Clinical data indicates that autistic people face a deep and ...multifaceted mental health crisis, which neurodiversity‐affirming psychotherapy is ideally posed to address. Nonetheless, there are substantial challenges for tailoring psychotherapeutic schemes to autistic clients. The importance of phenomenological psychology in overcoming these challenges is highlighted, and a related proposal is briefly developed.
Better understanding fathers’ psychological experience of birth is essential to encouraging empathetic care. Using Giorgi’s 5-step descriptive phenomenological psychological method for analysis, the ...general psychological structure of what it is like for fathers to experience being involved in the birth of their first-born biological child was uncovered. Five fathers’ descriptions of the phenomenon, collected via nonstructured phenomenological interviews conducted over several months, were analyzed rigorously through descriptive phenomenological psychological reduction and free imaginative variation. The stable general psychological structure consisted of the following constituents: (1) Concern for Wife’s Wellbeing, (2) Empathy and Pride for Wife, (3) Relief in the Successful Birth, (4) Emergence of Interconnectedness with His Newborn Baby, (5) Paternal Responsibility, and (6) Creation of His New Family Constellation. This study highlights a need to understand fathers’ birth experiences as an embodied existential lived experience. This study should be understood in the context of pregnancies of nuclear family heterosexual couples.
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