Transport accessibility to jobs, education, supply, and public services, which are usually most concentrated in large regional centers, has an impact on lower economic costs (savings in time and ...energy consumption), greater social justice (better and more equal access to jobs and education), and lower pressures on the environment (reduction of harmful emissions and noise, and increased road safety). Transport accessibility as a spatial component affects the widest range of development opportunities in an area, and it should therefore represent a significant component of regional and spatial planning. This book presents the main features of transport accessibility to regional centers as the central pillars of regional and spatial structure in Slovenia. Attention is focused on addressing the situation in accessibility planning itself, followed by modeling geographic reality using spatial analyses in a geographic information system. Emphasis is placed on the state of spatial equilibrium of regional centers. This study also examines the spatial differences in their accessibility, the main reasons for these differences, and the correspondence between regional borders in various regionalization proposals for Slovenia and their centers’ borders of accessibility.
V uvodnem delu obravnavamo urbanistično načrtovanje Ljubljane v preteklosti in predstavimo nove prostorske akte Mestne občine Ljubljana (MOL). V osrednjem delu prispevka razčlenimo temeljne sklope ...Strateškega prostorskega načrta MOL z nekaj najpomembnejšimi poudarki. Pri načrtovanju smo izhajali iz sodobnih načel oblikovanja mesta z upoštevanjem trajnostnega razvoja. Poudarjamo predvsem kakovostno nadgradnjo že urbaniziranih območij, prenovo in sanacijo razpršene gradnje. Poselitev širimo, kjer je to za razvoj občine nujno. Načrtovane so tudi dopolnitve družbene in gospodarske infrastrukture.
Zasnovo organizacije prostora razvijamo v treh značilnih območjih MOL: kompaktnem mestu, obmestju in hribovitem zaledju. V strnjeno zazidanem mestu ohranjamo osrednji koncentrični model in krepimo radialno pozidavo ob krakih, med njimi pa ohranjamo zelene kline. Na ravni obmestja navezujemo na krake mrežo lokalnih centrov in uveljavljamo racionalno rabo prostora z zgostitvami poselitve. Novo poselitev v hribovitem zaledju usmerjamo predvsem v območja obstoječih naselij in ohranjamo krajinske vrednote. Kot pomembne strukturne prvine mesta poudarjamo odprte javne in zelene površine.
V sklopu namenske rabe prostora so posebej obdelani stanovanja, centralne in proizvodne dejavnosti. Podajamo tudi nekaj glavnih usmeritev za razvoj prometa. Zadnji sklop vključuje usmeritve za urbanistično in arhitekturno oblikovanje. Kot glavne elemente razpoznavne strukture mesta opredeljujemo karakteristična območja, povezovalne in velike krajinske strukture.
This study attempts to illustrate the role of regional policy in the development of spatial structures and simultaneously determine the success and the possibly diverse response of individual ...instruments of regional policy to the structures of problem areas. We established that the influences of the regional policy are relatively minor, a consequence of the scant financial means devoted to the stimulation of regional development, the lack of power of the overall regional policy relative to all development currents introduced by inclusion in the European Union, and very aggressive globalization. However, we are able to cite some of its successes, mostly visible on the local level, although at higher levels their influence weakened. Because the goals of the regional policy in the previous period have not been achieved, we suggest some changes that would either strengthen the current method of stimulating regional development or abandon it altogether and turn toward the active stimulation of the polycentric network of cities that would result in the greater competitiveness of individual centers, which we hope would also have positive effects in their immediate hinterland.
The opening of internal borders among the European Union member states has not only evoked complex socio-economic processes, but also produced new spatial development potentials. This is especially ...important for the areas located close to the national borders that were until recently regarded as underdeveloped and peripheral. Conversely, the European Union sees them in a completely different light, as key elements in the process of integration, economic, and social cohesion. Consequently, the processes of cooperation and networking have been triggered on different levels, whereby the deterritorialisation of the new economic, social, cultural and spatial relations occurs. The article describes the issue of spatial development of cross-border areas, which are setting up new development conditions by opening the borders. This topic is presented by the case study of spatial development of the area stretching along the axis between two regional centres, Maribor (Slovenia) and Graz (Austria), in the past subjected to numerous demographical, economical and geopolitical changes. In this regard, two viewpoints of spatial development of the area are exposed: the first one explores the influence of the national border on the development of the research area, while the second one reflects contemporary trends of dispersed urbanization along the infrastructural corridor extending between both regional centres, the most indicative among them being the emergence of new urban nodes.
The article discusses changes of spatial legislation from the viewpoints of how it influences the actions of individual users and how it affects the public opinion regarding spatial planning. It ...suggests that public discourse about spatial planning shows the level of general public knowledge on the subject. Presented arethe main findings of R.A.V.E. Space, an international project that deals with the possible forms of spatial education in primary and secondary schools. It also stresses that project research results support the thesis that public discourse and the quality of spatialplanning practice all depend on the level of common knowledge. Thus spatial literacy is defined in the contribution as a key clause for development of participatory models in spatial planning and in otherdecision making processes.
Članek sloni na rezultatih mednarodnega projekta iz 5. Okvirnega programa EU pod naslovom URBS PANDENS: Urban Sprawl: European Patterns, Environmental Degradation and Sustainable Development ...(EVK4-CT-2001-00052) sofinanciran iz sredstev EU. Namen projekta je splošno razumevanje o naravi in razsežnosti procesa širjenja mestnega območja ter ugotovitve specifičnih evropskih vzorcev in vzorčno-posledičnih odnosov v procesu širjenja mestnega območja na primeru vzorčnih mest. Projekt združuje ustrezne izkušnje, informacije in znanja potrebne za nadaljnje usmerjanje trajnostnega razvoja poselitve na ravni EU.
V prispevku poskušamo z uporabo diskurzivne analize umestiti aktualne strokovne poglede na urbanistične probleme Ljubljane v širše konceptualne okvire, ki so opazni, če že ne prevladujoči po ...posameznih urbanističnih strokah. Ugotavljamo, da domači strokovnjaki običajno izhajajo iz sistemskega diskurza, ki z naborom izrazov, kot so sistemi, strukture, ravni, celote, politike, vloge, plan ipd., navidezno zagotavlja kompleksnost pristopa. Ta se izkaže kot pretirano abstrakten ter prepletajoč se s političnim diskurzom, ki kot ključni smeri razvoja poudarja evropskost in ekološkost. Prehod iz te abstraktno-sistemske ravni na obravnavo konkretnih problemov je skorajda nemogoč, zato se strokovnjaki zatečejo v ožje terminološke okvire svoje konkretne stroke. Analiz konkretnih primerov se lotevajo deskriptivno in pri ponujanju rešitev ne gledajo na širše povezave in posledice. Ta ozka strokovna samozadostnost očitno še ni zmožna ne odprtosti do drugih strok ne kritične strokovne distance do mestnih politik.
SI: Zbirni kataster gospodarske javne infrastrukture je evidenca, v kateri se vodijo podatki o infrastrukturnih objektih. Osnovni namen vzpostavitve zbirnega katastra je prikaz zasedenosti prostora z ...objekti gospodarske javne infrastrukture, kar nam omogoča smotrnejše urejanje prostora, varnejše izvajanje posegov v prostoru in gospodarnejše ravnanje z infrastrukturnimi objekti. V članku so prikazani rezultati projekta vzpostavitve sistema evidentiranja gospodarske javne infrastrukture in uporabnost zbranih podatkov o gospodarski javni infrastrukturi v postopkih za doseganje trajnostnega okoljskega in prostorskega razvoja. EN: Cadastre of public infrastructure is a record on the national level where the data about all public infrastructure objects is collected. Basic purpose of the record is to provide information on space used by public infrastructure, which contributes to more reasonable spatial planning and safe executing of work in space. Data on public infrastructure that is maintained in the Cadastre of public infrastructure is very useful in decision-making related to sustainable development.
The trend of the increasing role of data, indicators for assessment of the states and perspectives of physical planning can be observed. The role of spatial data inventory is not decreasing, on the ...contrary, its role is increasing and its meaning is expanding. Also the role of cooperation between science, the profession, political structures, and the public is increasing. The reason lies in the raising of comprehensiveness, interconnectivity and complexity of planning andimplementation of spatial development policies and developmental projects. Professional and formal determinations towards evidence-based planning both in the European territory and in Slovenia are obvious, and at the EU level also the ones related toimplementation.
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