A Caracterizacao morfometrica auxilia o estudo do comportamento da bacia hidrografica, principalmente no aspecto envolvendo riscos de processo erosivo relacionado a enchentes. O presente estudo teve ...como objetivo caracterizar a morfometria das microbacias Agua do Jau e Agua da Ema, localizadas no municipio de Rolandia--PR, utilizando software AutoCad como ferramenta de digitalizacao e quantificacao de canais e carta planialtimetrica folha de Arapongas como base cartografica. Encontram-se entre as seguintes coordenadas UTM: 7414000 a 7428000 Km N e 448000 a 456000 Km E, com uma area total de 5.081 ha. Os resultados demonstram microbacias de 2a ordem de ramificacao de canais e baixa densidade de drenagem. O indice de conformacao, fator de forma e o coeficiente de compacidade indicam formato alongado. O indice de sinuosidade indica tendencia a canais retilineos. A declividade media das microbacias classificou o relevo como ondulado. Os parametros dimensionais juntamente com os indices morfometricos relacionados a forma, relevo e de composicao e padrao da rede de drenagem permitiram inferir que as areas de estudo apresentam baixa susceptibilidade a enchentes e riscos de erosoes, refletindo tendencia a conservacao dos solos e dos recursos hidricos. Palavras-chave: Bacia hidrografica; morfometria; parametros dimensionais. ABSTRACT The morphometric characterization helps the study of the behavior of the microbasin, mainly in the aspect involving risks of erosive process related to floods. The present study had as objective the morphometric caracterization of the microbasins of "Agua do Jau" and "Agua da Ema" located at the municipality of Rolandia-PR, using AutoCad software as a digitalization and channel quantification tool and a planialtimetric ''Arapongas'' leaf map as a cartographic base. Located at the follow UTM coordinates: 7414000 to 7428000 Km N and 448000 to 456000 Km E, with a total area of 5081 ha. The results demonstrate second order microbasins of branching channels and low drainage density. the conformation index, form factor and compactness coefficient indicate the elongated shape. The sinuosity index indicates a tendency to straight channels. The average slope of the basins classified the relief as wavy. The dimensional parameters together with the morphometric indices related to the shape, relief and composition and pattern of the drainage network allowed us to infer that the study areas have low susceptibility to flooding and erosion risks, reflecting a trend towards conservation of soil and water resources. Keywords: Watershed; morphometry; dimensional parameters. La caracterizacion morfometrica ayuda a estudiar el comportamiento de la cuenca, principalmente en el aspecto que involucra riesgos de procesos erosivos relacionados con inundaciones. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la morfometria de las microcuencas Agua do Jau y Agua da Ema, ubicadas en el municipio de Rolandia--PR, utilizando el software AutoCad como herramienta de digitalizacion y cuantificacion de canales y un mapa planialtimetrico de la hoja de Arapongas como herramienta cartografica. base. Se ubican entre las siguientes coordenadas UTM: 7414000 a 7428000 Km N y 448000 a 456000 Km E, con una superficie total de 5.081 ha. Los resultados demuestran microcuencas de segundo orden de ramificacion de canales y baja densidad de drenaje. El indice de conformacion, el factor de forma y el coeficiente de compacidad indican una forma alargada. El indice de sinuosidad indica una tendencia hacia canales rectos. La pendiente media de las cuencas clasifico el relieve como ondulado. Los parametros dimensionales junto con los indices morfometricos relacionados con la forma, relieve y composicion y patron de la red de drenaje permitieron inferir que las areas de estudio tienen baja susceptibilidad a inundaciones y riesgos de erosion, reflejando una tendencia a conservar los recursos suelo y agua. Palabras clave: Cuenca hidrografica; morfometria; parametros dimensionales.
PurposeThis study attempts to identify the drivers for change in Public Relations education and what assumptions are made about professional practice. The authors suggest signature pedagogy has the ...potential to deepen our understanding of the teaching and learning of Public Relations and what this means as the Public Relations curriculum adapts. The paper has theoretical and practical value. It forefronts the concept of signature pedagogy as a fresh way to look at Public Relations teaching and learning that can be developed.Design/methodology/approachThis paper aims to explore the historical and contemporary context of teaching Public Relations within a university setting, how it has evolved and the assumptions that underpin it both nationally and internationally. Using a mixed methods approach, the paper investigates how the curriculum has changed since 2000, how it interacts with industry and how it reflects educational historical and contemporary frameworks. It also explores the assumptions on which Public Relations education was and is based and whether signature pedagogy is evidenced.FindingsThis study concludes that, from a signature pedagogy perspective, many current Public Relations curricula emphasise surface structures of learning. Deep structures, focusing on critical engagement and conceptual approaches to problem solving, are more variable, disconnected and contested. The data indicate the existence of an Anglo-American, skills-based approach to Public Relations knowledge, alongside international nuances around multi-culturalism. From a practical viewpoint, the paper contributes to how Public Relations programmes can be designed, taught and adapted in the future.Originality/valueThe paper evidences fully unique, primary research.
PurposeThe present study examined the status of globalization of the public relations (PR) agency industry and its environmental factors by analyzing 101 countries.Design/methodology/approachData ...were constructed from content analysis and multiple archival sources. Cluster analysis and multiple regressions were used for data analysis.FindingsThe present study identified the four distinctive groups of countries in the number of global PR agencies per country. These groups are (1) globalized top countries, (2) globalized major countries, (3) globalizing countries and (4) peripheral countries. The study also found that the degree of globalization of the PR agency industry in a country was associated with its democracy, economic system (gross domestic product (GDP) and foreign direct investment inflow), legal system (rule of law), cultural system (power distance and long-term orientation) and media system (Internet penetration rate) factors.Originality/valueThe previous studies on the global PR agency industry was limited to investigating a few leading agencies, but this study analyzed 114 global PR agencies and their diffusion in 101 countries and explored the influence of each country's characteristics (i.e. political, economic, legal, cultural and media factors) identified as the global PR environment factors.
The novel Aerva javanica absorbent was applied for the removal of thirteen selected metal ions from a distilled water solution of each metal by the batch adsorption method. The optimization ...remediation parameters of the metal ions for the batch adsorption approach were developed, which were the initial concentrations (60 ppm), contact time (60 min) and pH (7). The basic properties of metal ion affected the adsorption results; therefore, 21 properties of metal ions were selected, which are called "descriptors". The most significant descriptors were selected that were vital for the adsorption results, such as covalent index, polarizability and ion charge. The developed model equation by the descriptors provided more than 80% accuracy in the predicted results. Furthermore, Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models were also applied on the results. Constants of the Freundlich and Langmuir models were also used for model generation, and the results revealed the importance of a covalent index for the removal phenomenon of metal ions. The current study provided a suitable Ion Character Property Relationship (IC-PR) for the removal of metal ions, and future predictions can be achieved on the proposed adsorbent with significant accuracy. The ecofriendly and cost effective Aerva javanica absorbent in the batch experimental model of the current study predicted that this novel absorbent can be used for the removal of a wide spectrum of heavy metal ions from different sources of waste waters.
This article suggests that agreement on a paradigm focus for public relations scholarship would greatly enhance the probability of productive theory development. The author argues, influenced by ...Thomas Kuhn, that until those who call themselves public relations scholars come to agreement on the focus of public relations research and theory development, there may be much activity we call research in public relations, but there will not be much theory development.
Visitors to museums, galleries, heritage sites and other not for profit attractions receive their information in changing ways. Communications channels are shifting and developing all the time, ...presenting new challenges to cultural PR and Marketing teams. Marketing and Public Relations for Museums, Galleries, Cultural and Heritage Attractions, as well as providing some of the theory of marketing, provides the latest available case studies coupled with comments and advice from professionals inside and outside the cultural sector to describe the possibilities and outline strategies for the future.
A strong theme of change runs through each chapter. The economic climate is already affecting the publicly funded sectors and business and private sponsorship. How will it change over the next few years? The print media is contracting; reading and viewing patterns are changing as online and mobile media grow. What are the trends here, in Europe, US and elsewhere? Sustainability and global warming are not just buzz words but will have a real impact on public and private institutions and their visitor patterns. Population patterns are also changing with new immigrants arriving and the proportion of over 60s increases in Western countries. Cultural tourism has enjoyed a great surge in popularity and huge investments are being made in museums, galleries and events. Marketing and PR play a crucial role in the success of such ventures and will be illustrated with case studies from the UK, US, Canada, Australia, Middle East and China.
Marketing and Public Relations for Museums, Galleries, Cultural and Heritage Attractions is aimed at students of marketing, museums, culture and heritage as well as professionals working in a range of cultural organisations from small to large and at different stages of market development from new entrants to those offering mature products. This includes museums, galleries, heritage and visitor attractions, commun
