A novel Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) was designed with Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) electrodes and performance studies were carried out for 384μm gap configuration with a 2cm×2cm prototype. The use of ...thin films coated with DLC enables an ultra-low mass design of less than 0.1%X0 with up to a four-layer configuration. At the same time, 42% MIP efficiency, and 180ps timing resolution per layer were achieved in a measurement performed under a 1 MHz/cm2 non-MIP charged particle beam. In addition, we propose a further improved design for a 20cm-scale detector that can achieve 90% four-layer efficiency in an even higher 4 MHz/cm2 beam. In this paper, we describe the detector design, present the results of performance measurements, and characterize the rate capability of the DLC-based RPCs with a performance projection for an improved design.
Studies of eco-friendly gas mixtures for RPC detectors Guadarrama, D.L. Ramirez; Ramos, D.
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
September 2024, 2024-09-00, Letnik:
1066
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In the context of climate change, one of the main contributors to global warming is the greenhouse effect. Regulations have been implemented in different areas of society to reduce or ban the use of ...Greenhouse Gases (GHG), such as Tetrafluoroethane (TFE). Despite the fact that large-scale experiments (such as the ones held at CERN) have been excluded from these restrictions, it is necessary to look for alternatives more eco-friendly to the environment. In this work we present performance studies for RPC detectors using eco-friendly gas mixtures tested at the Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF++) at CERN in the context of the Phase II upgrade of the CMS detector.
New slow control emulator for the CMS phase-2 upgrade RPC link system Boghrati, B.; El Sawy, M.; Alves, G.A. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
07/2023, Letnik:
1052
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The CERN Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) RPC system phase-2 upgrade project is in good progress. It covers the replacement of the off-detector electronics for the present Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC), ...known as “link system”, and includes the renovation of the legacy slow controller with brand new electronics, called RPC backend electronics. The scope of the new backend is to handle all requirements of the new RPC link system such as assigning a dedicated link to every control board (CB) that carries out the slow control and fast trigger commands and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) clock. In this work, we will review the architecture of the new Slow controller, its firmware, and the commands supported by this system.
The Muon Chamber (MuCh) is a sub-system of the Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment for the detection of low-mass-vector mesons produced in high energy heavy ion collisions at beam energies ...ranging from 2 AGeV to 11 AGeV and decaying in the di-muon channel. MuCh consists of a segmented absorber and four detector triplet stations sandwiched between the absorber segments. At the 3rd and 4th stations of MuCh, Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) have been conceived for muon tracking. We have tested the performance of a low resistivity bakelite RPC prototype equipped with self-triggered front end electronics (MuCh-XYTER) for the CBM Muon Chamber. A systematic study on the muon detection efficiency and time resolution has been carried out in a high-rate photon background at the Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF++) at CERN. The details of the measurement setup and the results are presented here.
Distributed energy resources (DERs) installed in active distribution networks (ADNs) can be exploited to provide both active and reactive power reserves to the upper-layer grid (i.e., ...sub-transmission and transmission systems) at their connection point. This paper introduces a method to determine the capability area of an ADN for the provision of both active and reactive power reserves while considering the forecast errors of loads and stochastic generation, as well as the operational constraints of the grid and DERs. The method leverages a linearized load flow model and introduces a set of linear scenario-based robust optimization problems to estimate the reserve provision capability (RPC) area of the ADN. It is proved that, under certain assumptions, the RPC area is convex. The performance of the proposed method is tested on a modified version of the IEEE 33-bus distribution test system.
The BIS78 project, BI pilot project, consists of 16 sMDT + RPC chambers installed in the barrel–endcap transition region with the function of helping in the reduction of the fake muons produced ...upstream of the cryostats. The BIS78 RPCs represents a new generation of RPCs, basing their largely improved performance on a novel and highly performing front-end (FE) electronics, which is able to detect 1-2 fC of induced signals increasing rate capability by a factor of 10 with respect to the present ATLAS RPCs. BIS78 are equipped with a gas gap 1 mm thick, granting a time resolution of 350 ps and less weight and space occupancy. Additionally, the new electronics could make the BIS78 apparatus more easily compatible with the new eco-gas mixtures. The entire BIS78 apparatus has been installed successfully in the ATLAS experimental cavern and its commissioning will be illustrated along with its performance at the beginning of LHC Run-3.
This research is devoted to investigating experimentally the punching shear strength of reactive powder concrete slabs under monotonic loading. All slabs have the same flexural reinforcement and same ...dimensions (1000mm length,600mm width,50mm thickness). The experimental program includes casting and testing of sixteen slabs tested under monotonic loading. The major parameters adopted in the current research include the shape of column (circle, square), column size (twocolumn sizes), number of columns (one, two), and the distance between two columns (3d,5d,7d). Results showed that, the slabs with circular column sections have slightly higher ultimate load than those with square column sections. An increasing column area increases the load of punching shear failure. It was found that the ultimate failure load for slabs with two columns is greater than the slabs with one column. Related to the effect of distance between the two columns for monotonic, it was found that the slabs maximum load reaches the maximum value at distance between the two columns equal to(7d) for a circular section with a diameter of 85mm and 113mm and square section with dimensions of (100*100)mm. While the maximum failure load reaches the maximum value when the distance between two columns (d) for a square section with the dimension of (75*75)mm. Related to the crack patterns, it was noticed that for slabs with larger columns sections with the distance between columns equal to 7d, the failure zone extended (in a large direction) to the slab sides.
Outdoor systems performance and upgrade Lopes, L.; Andringa, S.; Assis, P. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
September 2023, 2023-09-00, Letnik:
1054
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Over the last two decades, the possibility of using RPCs in outdoors systems has increased considerably. Our group has participated in this effort by installing several systems and continues to work ...on their optimization, while simultaneously studying and developing new approaches that can use RPCs in outdoor applications.
In particular, four detectors were deployed in the field at the Pierre Auger Observatory in 2019 remained inactive, awaiting the commissioning of support systems. During the pandemic the detectors were left without gas flow for more than two years, but were recently reactivated with no major problems.
The LouMu project combines particle physics and geophysics in order to map meter-scale geologic structures, using Muon Tomography. Transmission muography is sensitive to the total amount of matter crossed by the muons, allowing to separate targets of different densities. In this exploratory project, it serves to identify unconsolidated rock zones, like geological faults and ore masses around an old Pyrite mine, now converted into a science center. The general goal is to compare how effective is the muographic survey when compared with the more standard geophysical techniques. The development of the RPC system used and the data from the last two years will be presented.
Finally, recent advances in a large area (1 m2) double gap-sealed RPC will be presented.
•Splitting tensile test and shear test were conducted to study the bond behavior between RPC and NSC.•Effects of water-to-binder ratio of RPC, steel fibre content and interfacial roughness on RPC-NSC ...bond behavior were investigated.•A formula for calculating shear strength of RPC-NSC bonding was developed.
In order to investigate the bonding behavior between reactive powder concrete (RPC) and normal strength concrete (NSC), splitting tensile test of 81 specimens and double shear test of 27 specimens were conducted, the effects of water-to-binder ratio (W/B) of RPC, steel fibre volume fraction, and interfacial roughness on RPC-to-NSC bonding were investigated. The results showed that the interfacial roughness was the most important factor affecting the bonding shear strength and splitting tensile strength, followed by the RPC W/B, and finally the steel fibre volume fraction. The increase of interfacial roughness in the range of 2.11–6.01 mm and the steel fibre volume fraction in the range of 1%-2% can improve the splitting tensile strength and shear strength. The effect of RPC W/B increase in the range of 0.2–0.24 on the splitting tensile strength was positive, but the shear strength increased first and then decreased with the increase of RPC W/B, the maximum shear strength appeared at 0.22 W/B. Based on the test result, a NSC-RPC shear strength formula considering the interfacial treatment was proposed.
PDF
