Built into the church of St Leonard at Spodnje Gameljne (Picture 1), c. 9 kilometres north of Ljubljana (the Roman Emona), was a Roman tombstone made of Glinščica (Rosandra) limestone. Its ...inscription refers to the family of the Caesernii and to the festival Carnaria, which is mentioned in no other literary work or inscription of the Roman Empire. Due to the unique significance of the inscription, the tombstone, dilapidated by exposure, was removed in 1997 and transported to the National Museum of Slovenia. In translation, the text runs: ‘To the divine Spirits of the Deceased. To Lucius Caesernius Primitivus, one of the board of five and the head of the decuria of the college of artisans (collegium fabrum), and to his wife Ollia Primilla. By their wills they left 200_ denarii to the four decuriae of the collegium fabrum in order that they would bring roses (to their grave) on the day of the festival of Carna. Lucius Caesernius Primitivus (had the tombstone erected) to his parents.’ (Picture 2)The Caesernii family, whose forebears had moved to Emona from northern Italy, especially from Aquileia, belonged among the most distinguished and economically important local families. Judging by the tombstone of the Aquileian public functionary Titus Caesernius Diphilus, who had moved to Emona with his freedman Dignus in the middle of the 1st century BC or slightly later, the family’s first representatives came to Emona even before the latter was established as a colony (an event probably dating to the earliest Augustan era). Since Diphilus had his tombstone erected in his lifetime, he appearsto have chosen the town as his permanent residence. Emona became a secondary centre of the Caesernii, from which they went on to settle in various towns of Noricum and Pannonia. As part of their wealth may have rested on ironworks, it is hardly surprising that Lucius Caesernius Primitivus had a leading role in the craftsmen’s association (collegium fabrum) comprising blacksmiths, workers in copper and bronze, builders, and masons, whose activities included firemen’s duties in the larger towns.Caesernius Primitivus and Ollia Primilla, who presumably owned an estate in the territory of today’s village of Spodnje Gameljne, bequeathed to the collegium 200 denarii (equalling 800 sestertii) on condition that (part of) the annual interest should be used to buy roses and decorate their grave. Inscriptions referring to similar bequests are mainly known from northern Italy but largely unknown in the western provinces: Noricum and Pannonia have yielded no finds, nor are expected to do so (yet another proof that Emona belonged under the Regio X, Tenth Italic Region). The testament writers usually desired to have their memory honoured on the Parentalia (a festival of the dead) and/or the Rosalia and Violaria (festivals when graves were decorated with roses and violets respectively), or on their birthdays or death anniversaries. On occasion other festivals could be selected if they were important to their families or collegia. A Greek inscription from Cepigovo (Macedonia), for example, stipulates that the festival of Vettius Bolanus should be commemorated with a yearly banquet on 19 October: this date may have been his birthday or an important family festival. The same may be assumed about the Carnaria of the Caesarnii inscription, as the Roman custom was to cite the date by referring to the accompanying festival.
The text-critical edition Turjaška knjiga listin II Turjak Book of Charters II, containing 436 published documents from the 15th century, completes the medieval corpus of charters from the private ...archives of the Carniolan comital and ducal lines of the Auerspergs. Published in their entirety, the charters are equipped with Slovenian regests and followed in the end by a comprehensive index of names and pictures of seals from the charters.The Auerspergs Turjaški are among the rare noble families in the Slovenian territory with systematically preserved archives that date back to the Middle Ages. Most archival materials of the family, which was largely embedded in the framework of the Province of Carniola until the end of the 15th century, are presently kept in two private family archives: the Turjak Comital Fideicomiss Archives (Gräflich Auersperg'sches Fideikommisarchiv), first kept in the Turjak Castle until 1942 and now in the Carinthian Provincial Archives in Klagenfurt, and the Turjak Ducal Archives (Fürstlich Auersperg'sches Archiv), which were first moved to the Turjak Palace in Ljubljana and the Lower Austrian Lösensteinleiten Castle and finally ended up in the Viennese Haus-, Hof-, und Staatsarchiv.
The Auerspergs Turjaški are among the rare noble families in the Slovenian territory with systematically preserved archives that date back to the Middle Ages. Most archival materials of the family, ...which was largely embedded in the framework of the Province of Carniola until the end of the 15th century, are presently kept in two private family archives: the Turjak Comital Fideicomiss Archives (Gräflich Auersperg'sches Fideikommisarchiv), first kept in the Turjak Castle until 1942 and now in the Carinthian Provincial Archives in Klagenfurt, and the Turjak Ducal Archives (Fürstlich Auersperg'sches Archiv), which were first moved to the Turjak Palace in Ljubljana and the Lower Austrian Lösensteinleiten Castle and finally ended up in the Viennese Haus-, Hof-, und Staatsarchiv.Turjaška knjiga listin 1 (1218–1400) Turjak Book of Charters I (1218–1400) contains 277 charters from the private archives of the Carniolan comital and ducal lines of the Auerspergs Turjaški. Published in their entirety, the charters are equipped with Slovenian regests and followed in the end by a comprehensive index of names and pictures of seals from the charters. With the publication of the Turjak charters, Slovenian historiography has gained an indispensable aid for the research of Slovenian medieval and modern history.
Nagrobnik z nemškim napisom GRAB STAETE DER DIMNIGGSCHEN FAMILIE VON LAHR 1797 je iz gliničana, postavili so ga v prvh desetletjih 19. stoletja. Po Zadnikarjevem mnenju je to najstarejši nagrobnik, ...ki pa je nekaj časa služil za pokrov neke grobnice, pozneje pa so ga vzidali v steno. Na nagrobni plošči je velik rodbinski grb s ščitom, v katerem so trije ščitki, kar v heraldiki predstavlja grb slikarjev. Avtorici monografije o Navju sklepata, da je bil morda nekdo iz družine slikar. Kot grbovni okras na vrhu plošče je tulipan, ob straneh so ostanki šlemnega pokrivala, dva ribja ali zmajeva trupa in stilizirana jonska pilastra. Pod grbom je angelska glavica s perutmi – simbol duše, ki je pogosta na otroških nagrobnikih. Na spodnjem robu plošče je lobanja s kostjo kot simbol minljivosti. (Povzeto po: M. Piškur, S. Žitko: Ljubljansko Navje. Ljubljana, 1997.; M. Zadnikar, Navje – gaj slave. V : Tovariš, ilustrirana revija, 2. 9. 1949, str. 588.)
Nagrobnik je v nemškem jeziku. Pokopani so dvorni sodni advokat Blaž Crobath, rojen 1799 v Železnikih, njegova žena Josipina, ki je bila poljskega rodu, hči Amalija in sin Evgen. Blaž Crobath je bil ...znan mecen kulturnikov in pesnikov, ki se je pogosto družil s Francetom Prešernom, Matijo Čopom, Andrejem Smoletom, Emilom Korytkom. Bil je član deželnega muzejskega društva in deželnega zbora. Nagrobnik je dal postaviti sin Ludvik po smrti sestre Amalije novembra 1856. Nagrobno ploščo na vrhu krasi marmornata palmeta, ki je zamenjala prvotni marmornati križ. Plošča je iz kraškega apnenca, na njej so nanizani gotski trolisti.(Povzeto po: M. Piškur, S. Žitko: Ljubljansko Navje. Ljubljana, 1997.)
Historično nagrobno obeležje tiskarske družine Blaznik (Blasnik) je visoko skoraj tri metre in je izdelano iz kraškega apnenca. Postavljeno je v spomin znamenitemu tiskarju Jožefu (1800 – 1872) iz ...Idrije, ki je s poroko postal lastnik Retzerjeve tiskarne v Ljubljani, ki je veljala za najboljšo tisti čas. Izdala je najpomembnejše tiske tistega obdobja – knjige in časnike. Na nagrobniku v nemškem jeziku so navedeni še žena Frančiška Marija, roj. Retzer, hčeri Frančiška in Albina, ki sta bili po očetovi smrti s sestro Aleksandrino (por. Poklukar), nekaj časa solastnici tiskarne, ter sin Jožef. Nagrobnik povzema arhitekturne prvine iz srednjega veka, grobno simboliko pa zlasti iz klasicizma. Na spodnjem oktagonalnem delu so navzdol obrnjene plamenice, simbol ugašajočega življenja, in friz z bršljanom (nesmrtnost), na krakih križa pa so pritrjene krogle, simboli vesoljstva. V praznem ovalu s pentljo na sredini spomenika je bil predtem drug okras. Po smrti Blaznikove hčere Roze, ki je s poroko postala grofica, pa so tja namestili grb. Avtorici monografije o Navju opozarjata na nestrokovno obnovo nagrobnika ob 160-letnici tiskarne leta 1989. Napis na nagrobniku se v slovenščini glasi: Rodbina Blaznik – Jožef Blaznik, lastnik tipografsko-artističnega podjetja, meščan in svetnik trgovske zbornice v Ljubljani … Frančiška Mar. Blaznik, r. Retzer …, Roza grofica Manini, r. Blaznik, pl. Stoeckl …, Albina Blaznik, u. v Solkanu. (Povzeto po: M. Piškur, S. Žitko: Ljubljansko Navje. Ljubljana, 1997.)
Nagrobna plošča je iz gliničana, pisava je nemška fraktura. Najverjetneje so spomenik postavili že v 60. letih 19. stoletja. V grobu počiva Mihael Ambrož (1808-1864), politik in podjetnik, deželni ...poslanec in prvi predsednik ljubljanske čitalnice. Mihael Ambrož je ustanovil tudi parni mlin. Kot ljubljanski župan si je prizadeval za uradovanje v slovenskem jeziku. (Povzeto po: M. Piškur, S. Žitko: Ljubljansko Navje. Ljubljana, 1997.)
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