SUMMARY
Western Slovenia is part of an actively deforming region accommodating anticlockwise rotation of Adria and its continuous collision with Eurasia. The geometry of the active faulting system in ...this plate boundary is not well defined. In this study, detailed analysis of earthquake activity was performed with relocation of earthquakes in the period between 2006 and 2017. With inspection of the waveform data, slight temporal clustering of activity was observed. To increase the detection rate of microearthquakes we used a matched filter detection algorithm method. Templates of earthquakes were created and a database of continuous waveform data within the period 2006–2017 was investigated. As a result, high temporal correlation allowed us to identify swarms and earthquake sequences that affected the active fault system in the study region.
Relocated seismicity allowed us to constrain the geometry of 5 nearly parallel faults, namely: Ravne, Idrija, Predjama, Selce and Raša faults. All these faults do have an expression in the geomorphology and reach a seismogenic depth of up to 20 km. Vertical and along strike extents of these active faults can favour earthquakes of moment magnitude equal to 7 or larger. The most recent large earthquake that occurred in this region is the 1511 earthquake with a magnitude 6.8.
The leading fault in the system being the Idrija right-lateral strike-slip fault, experiences earthquake activity from 5 to 20 km on its northern segment, while on its southern segment no earthquake activity is detected over the decade of observations. We show that the interseismic loading on the southern segment of Idrija fault is likely unclamping the locked adjacent faults promoting the observed bursts of seismicity. Moreover, in 2009 the Predjama fault accommodated a sudden increase of the surface deformation at the extensometer accompanied by a simultaneous swarm activity at its seismogenic depth. This behaviour might correspond to velocity strengthening and weakening processes taking place at both the surface and depth terminations of a locked vertical fault. These processes can be driven by a slow-slip event on the deeper part of Idrija fault that would generate a temporary acceleration of the interseismic loading rate along with a change within the fluid circulation.
The Norian and Rhaetian transition (Late Triassic) is characterized by a faunal turnover in major pelagic groups, such as radiolarians, conodonts, and ammonoids. Although catastrophic events such as ...emplacements of large igneous provinces and/or extraterrestrial impacts have been suggested to account for this biotic turnover, firm evidence based on geochemistry of sedimentary successions is still lacking. In order to assess environmental changes across the Norian/Rhaetian boundary (NRB), we report high–resolution stratigraphic variations for whole-rock major, trace, and highly siderophile element abundances, together with Re–Os isotope ratios for the Sasso di Castalda section in Lagonegro Basin, southern Italy. The section consists of a continuously exposed sequence of upper Norian (Sevatian) through the lower Rhaetian of a deep basinal deposits. Our data demonstrated that the upper Norian section records important events in stratigraphically ascending order: (1) a depositional environment moved below the Carbonate Compensation Depth, leading to the carbonate-biosilica transition associated with a slight depletion of elements favored in heavy minerals such as Zr, Hf, and Ti, (2) an input of Rochechouart impact components detected by platinum-group element anomaly, and (3) a transient change of redox state into low oxygen (dysoxic to suboxic) conditions marked by increases of V, U, and Re. This sequence of events suggests that the Rochechouart impact predates the major environmental changes resulting in faunal turnover at the NRB. Although their direct causal relationships are highly questionable given the small size of impactor and the interval between the impact horizon and the NRB, the possibility of triggering subsequent environmental and biotic collapses cannot be ruled out. This study provides the first identification of Rochechouart impact horizon in marine strata, which could be an important event marker for further studies on contemporaneous sections in the Lagonegro Basin and other localities.
•HSE abundances and Os isotopes determined for the Upper Triassic deposits in Italy.•Subsidence of the depositional sites with constant supply of terrigenous materials.•Rochechouart impact layer identified with PGE anomaly and Cr–Ir discrimination.•Enrichments of V, U and Re suggest low oxygen condition in the uppermost Norian.•The Rochechouart impact predates redox change and subsequent biotic turnover.
The Upper Triassic of the Lagonegro Basin (southern Apennines, southern Italy) is represented by hemipelagic cherty limestones of the Calcari con Selce Formation, deposited in an oceanic setting. Two ...stratigraphic sections (Petina Chiana and Pignola 2), representative of the evolution of the Lagonegro Basin during the Carnian, have been studied in detail with a multidisciplinary approach. In the Pignola 2 section, within the Calcari con Selce Formation, a unique interval composed of green shales and radiolarites has been identified. The absence of carbonate deposition within this interval is interpreted as evidence of a contemporaneous shallowing of the Carbonate Compensation Depth. Conodont and palynomorph biostratigraphy constrain the age of this interval to the Julian/Tuvalian (lower Carnian/upper Carnian) boundary. The age and characteristics of this interval suggest correlation with a putative climatic event, known as the “Carnian Pluvial Event”, which has also been recognized in continental and shallow-marine successions from different European localities. This event is thus now documented also in a deep-marine setting. Like the continental and shallow-water settings, it is characterized by a sudden input of siliciclastics. Petina Chiana and Pignola 2 integrate current knowledge of the Carnian distribution of conodonts.
Paragondolella praelindae Kozur, to date known only from the lower Tuvalian, has now been documented from the uppermost Julian. Moreover, a drastic turnover was recorded between Julian and Tuvalian conodont assemblages, which is clearly associated with the Carnian Pluvial Event. Thus, a biotic crisis, oceanographic changes associated with the rise of the Carbonate Compensation Depth, increased rainfall, and an anomalous siliciclastic input occur contemporaneously at the time of the Carnian Pluvial Event. A similar pattern is associated with perturbations of the carbon cycle that occur during the Jurassic and Cretaceous (e.g., in the early Aptian); thus, it is hypothesized that the Carnian Pluvial Event may have analogous causes.
The Upper Triassic Calcari con Selce Formation, cropping out in the southern Apennines (S Italy), consists of 400 m of micritic limestones, often nodular, with chert beds and nodules, organized in dm ...to m beds intercalated with mm (rarely centimetric) marly horizons. Three intervals characterized by higher siliciclastic content have been recognized within this formation, and stratigraphically ordered after an accurate conodont biostratigraphical investigation: 1) the green clay-radiolaritic horizon, previously named in literature with the informal expression of “livello argilloso ad Halobia superba”, Tuvalian (upper Carnian); 2) an interval of some tens of meters of limestones and brown shales with abundant chert beds, here informally termed the "brown member", Tuvalian/Lacian (upper Carnian/lower Norian; 3) the ca. 3 m thick red shale horizon, Sevatian (upper Norian) in age. All these intervals are characterized by micritic limestones or marly limestones with bivalves, radiolarians and conodonts alternating with shales (green, brown or red) having thicknesses of 50 cm or more. These intervals are also associated to an increase of calciturbidites, consisting of echinoderm fragments, isolated thin-shelled bivalves and reworked, partially lithified intraclasts of the Calcari con Selce Fm. The Carnian green clay-radiolaritic horizon and the Sevatian red siliciclastic interval are useful lithostratigraphic markers recognizable throughout the Lagonegro Basin and have been used as guide horizons to evaluate the lateral continuity of contiguous limestone beds. The green clay-radiolaritic horizon has been logged in 4 sections (Pignola 2, Mt. Armizzone, Pezza la Quagliara, San Michele). The sections are presently at approximately 50 km distance - but Tertiary thrusts occur between the sections, suggesting a larger separation at the time of the deposition of the Formation. Above the green clay-radiolaritic horizon, single carbonate beds or banks with the same stratigraphic position and common characteristics are recognizable in all sections. The thickness of these limestone beds may vary, but the shale interlayers and cherty beds are identical, thus, the carbonate beds have been correlated. The stratigraphic interval comprising the Sevatian red shale horizon has been acquired in two sections separated by 7 km, Monte Buccaglione (i.e lower portion of the Sasso di Castalda section) and Monte Cugnone, with a Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). TLSs produce high resolution and high accuracy 3D representations of outcrops, stored as point-clouds. A regular sequence of limestone beds and shale interlayers, distinguished because of their different reflectance, has been recorded below the red shale horizon, and the thickness of single carbonate banks resulted identical within the instrumental resolution. Calcareous beds or banks thus can be correlated at the basinal scale. This implies that the Lagonegro Basin is characterized by laterally continuous carbonate sedimentation, most probably controlled by allocyclic factors, providing potential for cyclostratigraphic investigations. Original papers
The Lagonegro Basin, located in the Southern Apennines, Italy, records a transition from carbonate sediments of the Calcari con Selce Fm. (“Cherty Limestone”) to biosiliceous sediments of the Scisti ...Silicei Fm. (“Siliceous Shale”) around the Norian–Rhaetian boundary (NRB), Upper Triassic. Sedimentologic and chemostratigraphic analysis of three sections (Pignola-Abriola, Monte Volturino, and Madonna del Sirino) representing a proximal-to-distal transect across the basin document marine productivity, redox, and chemical weathering conditions. The basin was characterized by low to moderate productivity and mainly oxic deep waters, with no systematic secular variation throughout the ~10-Myr-long study interval. A weathering proxy, the chemical index of alteration (CIA*), shifts toward higher values (from ~0.70 to ~0.80) in all three study sections, suggesting development of warmer and/or more humid conditions just before the NRB. The lack of evidence for changes in marine productivity or redox conditions and the time-transgressive nature of the carbonate-biosilica transition suggests that the latter was caused not by changes in planktonic communities but, rather, by a rise in the CCD, the most likely cause of which was seafloor subsidence within the actively rifting Ionian Ocean (i.e., the westernmost branch of the Tethys Ocean). The tectonically active character of the Lagonegro Basin is also reflected in evidence of synsedimentary paleoseismic activity, e.g., numerous debris flows around the basin margins. The present study thus documents sedimentologic changes within a marginal basin in a geologically young ocean.
•Paleoceanographic evolution of western Tethyan (Ionian Ocean) Lagonegro Basin•Subbasins with different sediment patterns developed due to half-graben formation•Time-transgressive carbonate to biosilica transition caused by basin subsidence•Marine productivity was low and deep-water redox conditions were mainly oxic.•CIA proxy suggests warmer/more humid condition around the Norian–Rhaetian boundary.
Hyaenas are relevant members of the Plio-Pleistocene carnivore guilds in Africa and Eurasia. The spotted hyena Crocuta crocuta is an important element of the dispersal events from Africa and Asia to ...Europe occurred at the Early–Middle Pleistocene transition (about 0.8Ma). The presence of Crocuta crocuta remains from the Ponte Galeria formation at Casal Selce (Roma, Italy) from sands of the Ponte Galeria Formation referable to the earliest Middle Pleistocene (MIS 18), close to the Brunhes/Matuyama boundary, is one of the earliest occurrence of the genus in Europe.
Cartography of Selce Robert Lončarić
Kartografija i geoinformacije,
12/2009, Letnik:
8, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Cartographic representations, both contemporary or old maps and plans, are extraordinary sources of spatial information. They contain spatial, historical, toponomastic, economical, ethnical and ...numerous other data important for understanding the entire development of an area. Although Selce has not been inhabited for as long as some surrounding settlements because the contemporary settlement of Selce originates from the second half of the 14th century, it still has a quite interesting development history with an early ascent of tourist activities within both Croatian and European frames. Cartographic representations reviewed in this paper help illuminate historical changes and compare them to the current state in space.
A total of 13 cartographical documents were found in the heritage of Ivan Lončarić Papić which is kept at the People's Library and Reading Room in Selce and this paper is the first presentation of ...these documents in literature. The documents are mainly thematic maps and plans Papić collected during the first half of the 20th century. A part of them is a data source for the history of Selce in the first half of the 20th century. This paper represents only the first step in detailed processing of the cartographic material that can be found within Papić's heritage.
Autor se bavi povijesnim naslijeđem hotelijerstva (i turizma) na području kojega danas pokrivaju tri jedinice lokalne samouprave, Grad Crikvenica, Grad Novi Vinodolski i Vinodolska općina. U članku ...obuhvaća vremenski široko razdoblje od samih početaka nastanka hotelijerstva do konca 20. stoljeća. Posebno obrađuje ulogu hotelsko turističkog poduzeća „Jadran“ Crikvenica, ali i hotelskih poduzeća u Novom Vinodolskom, Selcu i Dramlju, koja su odigrala izuzetno važnu ulogu u razvitku čitavog kraja, a posebno u razdoblju od polovice šestdesetih pa sve do 1990-ih godina. U radu se ističe razdoblje organiziranja hotelijera tadašnje Crikveničko-vinodolske rivijere, od druge polovice 1970-ih godina pa do druge polovice 1980-ih godina, kada su se pokazale sve prednosti jednog relativno velikog organizacijskog sustava, koji je nastao integracijom samostalnih poduzeća Crikvenice (Hotelsko-turističko poduzeće „Jadran“), Novog Vinodolskog (Hotelsko-turističko poduzeće „Lišanj“), Selca (Hotelsko-turističko poduzeće „Slaven“) i Dramlja (Hotelsko-turističko poduzeće
„Danica“). Te su prednosti najbolje vidljive u realizaciji razvojnih ciljeva, kada je ukupna materijalna i kadrovska snaga toga novog „Jadrana“ bila najveća garancija bankama, dobavljačima i turističkim agencijama. Ta je snaga osiguravala da „Jadran“ nesmetano provodi proces ne samo proste već posebno proširene reprodukcije, zapošljava veliki broj radnika te osigurava i značajne sinergijske učinke. Autor argumentirano navodi izuzetno dinamično razdoblje razvoja ne samo hotelijerskog sektora na području tadašnje Općine Crikvenica, nego i kompletan razvoj čitavog komunalnog pa i ukupnog gospodarskog i društvenog sustava. Riječ je, kako navodi, o jednom izuzetno dinamičnom razvojnom ciklusu u povijesti hotelijerstva i turizma Crikveničko-vinodolske rivijere. Autor se kritički osvrće na izuzetke, koje čini trajna nedosljednost odgovornih u provođenju odredaba Prostornog plana iz 1988. godine, kao i na proces pretvorbe i prve pokušaje privatizacije hotelskih poduzeća, što se sve događalo u atipičnim ratnim uvjetima, te iznosi ključne stavove vezane za razvojnu i poslovnu politiku u tim uvjetima.
Kako je u naslovu rada istaknuto, riječ je o prilogu za istraživanje hotelijerstva na području Crikveničko-vinodolske rivijere, tako da ovaj rad doslovno treba i prihvatiti kao prilog. To znači da su neki drugi budući radovi, kao i oni koji su o ovoj tematici pisani do sada, samo dijelovi jednog mozaika koji govori o povijesti i povijesnom naslijeđu hotelijerstva (i turizma) na području današnjih triju jedinica lokalne samouprave tj. gradova Crikvenice i Novog Vinodolskog te Vinodolske općine.
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