Past research suggests that reactions to research on sex differences are often less positive when the findings put men in a better light than women, especially when the lead researcher is a man. The ...factors underlying this effect, however, are not yet fully understood. The present study aimed to provide the first experimental test of the hypothesis that the key variable is perceived harm to women. Participants (214 men and 219 women) evaluated a bogus popular-science article reporting fictional research finding either a female- or a male-favouring sex difference in intelligence, attributed to either a female or a male lead researcher. To examine the effects of perceived harm, the introduction to the task highlighted either the potential benefits or potential drawbacks of sex-differences research in general. Consistent with past research, participants reacted less positively to the male-favouring difference, especially for male-led research. Consistent with the harm hypothesis, the effect was stronger after highlighting the potential drawbacks of sex-differences research than after highlighting the potential benefits. Our findings suggest that perceptions of harm to women underpin the aversion to male-favouring findings.
The DARSI program (Developing Healthy and Egalitarian Adolescent Relationships) aims to prevent peer aggressive behaviors inside and outside social networks and educate adolescents on gender ...equality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the program on the reduction of sexist attitudes, myths of romantic love and aggressive behaviors in adolescents.
191 adolescents, aged 12 to 17 years (53.93% girls), assigned to an experimental group (3 classrooms) and two control groups (6 classrooms in two educational centers) participated in this study. A quasi-experimental design with control group was used and the effectiveness of the program was evaluated using a repeated measures factorial design.
Findings showed a significant decrease in the experimental group in hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, myths of romantic love, direct aggression, relational aggression, and cyber-aggression.
The effectiveness of the evaluated program and the viability of joint interventions in the prevention of peer violence and teen dating violence are observed.
Durante los últimos años se ha incrementado la visibilización de personas y colectivos LGTB+ en el ámbito educacional en Chile. Las demandas relacionadas con diversidad sexual se suelen articular en ...torno a la idea de inclusión de estudiantes LGTB+. En este artículo analizamos discursos y prácticas sobre inclusión LGTB+ en el sistema educacional público chileno, a partir de entrevistas individuales y grupales realizadas entre los años 2018 y 2019 con personas interventoras y usuarias en las regiones de Santiago, Valparaíso y Concepción. Nuestro objetivo es problematizar ciertos usos liberales de la inclusión y sus efectos negativos a la hora de afirmar y apoyar efectivamente a las diversidades y disidencias sexuales. Los principales resultados del análisis de discurso de las entrevistas se presentan en cuatro ejes: tensiones en la implementación de prácticas educativas de inclusión; pánicos morales y fijaciones heterocisnormativas; intervenciones identitarias y reduccionistas; y, desestabilización de las fronteras desde los activismos LGTB+.
The field of criminal psychology involves delving into psychological profiles prone to accepting and justifying sexist attitudes that support sexual violence against adult women (SVAW). The aim of ...the current study is to analyze the mediating role of moral disengagement in the relationships between dark triad personality traits (Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism) and ambivalent sexism in a sample of 74 male perpetrators of sexual violence against women (M = 40.58; SD = 10.05) convicted of intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual assault and 160 community men (M = 43.54; SD = 10.63). Since there were no significant differences in the measured variables between individuals convicted of IPV and those convicted of sexual assault, these two groups were combined into a single group of perpetrators of sexual violence against women. A comparison of incarcerated and community men showed that perpetrators of sexual violence against women reported significantly higher levels of ambivalent sexism, moral disengagement, and psychopathy than community men. The moderated mediational model showed that the dark triad was not directly associated with ambivalent sexism, but the relationship was fully mediated by moral disengagement mechanisms. Moreover, the interdependence of the variables evaluated was moderated by group. The moral disengagement mechanisms that explain both hostile and benevolent sexism were associated with Machiavellianism and psychopathy among perpetrators of sexual violence against women, whereas among community men, these mechanisms were associated with Machiavellianism and narcissism. These findings are discussed as they pertain to the treatment of perpetrators of sexual violence against women.
On a culture that lauds a youthful appearance, the author reveals how racism, sexism, and ageism combine in ways that uniquely harm Black women as they seek professional respect in White spaces.
Éliane Viennot est professeuse émérite de littérature française de la Renaissance a l'Université Jean Monnet (Saint-Étienne) et membre honoraire de l'Institut universitaire de France (2003-2013). ...Spécialiste de Marguerite de Valois, elle s 'intéresse aux relations de pouvoir entre les sexes et a leur traitement historiographique. Militante féministe depuis les années 1970, elle s'est notamment investie dans les campagnes pour le droit a l'avortement, pour la parité et pour l'institutionnalisation des études feministes (ou « de genre »)l. Membre de la SIEFAR (Société Internationale pour l'étude des femmes de l'Ancien Régime2) qui travaille notamment a la réhabilitation de mots féminins « oubliés » au cours du processus de masculinisation de la langue française, elle a pris une part active aux débats sur l'écriture inclusive et le langage non sexiste en diffusant le 7 novembre 2017 la pétition « Nous n 'enseignerons plus que "le masculin l 'emporte sur le féminin" », signée par 314 membres du corps professoral de tous niveaux et tous publics3. Nous l'avons rencontrée le 18 avril 2019 pour évoquer sa trajectoire de recherche, la polémique de 2017 et sa maniere d'appréhender les débats autour de la question du genre et du langage.
This research examined bias and accuracy in judging hostile and benevolent sexism during mixed-gender interactions. Bias is defined as underestimation or overestimation of a partner’s sexism. ...Accuracy is defined as covariation in two different ways, as (a) the strength of the association between a dyad member’s judgment and their partner’s sexism, across dyads, and (b) the ability to differentiate sexism between multiple targets. In Studies 1 and 2, members of mixed-gender dyads rated their own and their partners’ benevolent and hostile sexism. Overall, there was no covariation, across dyads, between perceptions and the partner’s self-reported sexism. However, women overestimated men’s hostile sexism; there was no evidence of biases for women judging men’s benevolent sexism. Men underestimated women’s hostile sexism and overestimated benevolent sexism. In Study 3, participants watched brief videos of male or female students (targets) from Study 1 and completed benevolent or hostile sexism items for each target as they thought the target would fill them out. Accuracy for detecting sexism across multiple targets (using sensitivity correlations) was significantly above chance for both forms of sexism. Male and female participants were more accurate at detecting hostile sexism in male targets than female targets. Participants were more accurate at detecting benevolent sexism of same-gender targets than opposite-gender targets. When judging targets of opposite gender, women’s judgments were significantly above chance for both forms of sexism, but men were not accurate for either forms of sexism. These studies suggest that there is bias and accuracy in first impression judgments of sexism.
I Had To Be Strong Watson, Natalie N.; Hunter, Carla D.
Journal of black psychology,
10/2016, Letnik:
42, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Although strength is often embraced as a vital aspect of African American womanhood, African American women’s endorsement of the strong Black woman race-gender schema has received empirical attention ...because of its association with harmful health outcomes. Thus, there is limited knowledge regarding how African American women simultaneously experience its liabilities (e.g., harmful health outcomes) and benefits (e.g., increased self-efficacy). Qualitative thematic analysis was used to analyze data from 13 African American women who discussed the competing messages experienced when internalizing the strong Black woman race-gender schema. Three tensions were identified: (a) be psychologically durable yet do not engage in behaviors that preserve psychological durability, (b) be equal yet be oppressed, and (c) be feminine yet reject traditional feminine norms. These tensions highlighted that the schema simultaneously produced advantageous outcomes with respect to self-efficacy yet unfavorable implications for self-care. Each tension is discussed with respect to its perceived advantages and disadvantages.
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