Çalışmanın amacı, egzersiz ile tetiklenen ve "gated" miyokard perfüzyon sintigrafisi (gSPECT) ile saptanan miyokard iskemisinin, miyosit sitoplazmasında lokalize aspartat aminotransferaz (AST) ve ...laktat dehidrogenaz (LDH) enzimlerinin salınımı üzerine olan etkisini araştırmaktır. Koroner arter hastalığı yönünden risk faktörlü 51 olgu çalışmaya dahil edildi. "Gated" miyokard perfüzyon sintigrafisi sonuçlarına göre olgular normal (24), iskemi (17) ve infarkt (10) olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Olguların, efor öncesi, sonrası ve 4. saatteki venöz kanlarından, AST ve LDH ölçümleri yapıldı. Gruplar arasında her iki enzim düzeyleri için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmadı (p>0.05). Normal grupta, egzersiz sonrası AST ve LDH değerleri egzersiz öncesi değerlere göre anlamlı olarak yüksek bulunmuştur (sırası ile, p=0.011 ve p=0.001). İskemi grubunda ise egzersiz sonrası AST değerleri egzersiz öncesi değerlere göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksektir (p=0.002). İnfarktlı olguların sol ventrikül fonksiyonları diğer gruplara göre anlamlı derecede bozulmuştur (p<0.001) ve bu gruptaki iskeminin şiddeti diğer gruplara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı yüksektir (p<0.001). Normal ve iskemi grupları arasında ise STSS hariç (p<0.001) diğer parametreler için istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Enzim düzeyleri ile sintigrafik parametreler arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon saptanmamıştır. Sonuçta, geri dönüşümlü miyokard iskemisinin sitoplazmik yerleşimli ve miyokarda özgül olmayan serum belirteçlerinin salınımı üzerine belirgin bir etkisinin bulunmadığı saptanmıştır.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the reversible myocardial ischemia induced by treadmill exercise test and determined by gated myocardial perfusion SPECT on the secretion of AST and LDH localized in the cytoplasm of the myocytes. Fifty one patients with risk factors of coronary artery disease were enrolled into the study. The patients were divided into three subgroups as normal (24), ischemia (17) and infarct (10) according to the results of gSPECT performed after treadmill exercise test. Preexercise, postexercise and 4th hr serum LDH and AST levels of the patients were measured. According to the enzyme results, there were no statistically significant differences among the subgroups (p>0.05). Postexercise AST and LDH levels were significantly higher than those of the preexercise in the normal group (p=0.011, p=0.001, respectively). Postexercise AST levels were significantly higher than those of the preexercise in the ischemia group (p=0.002). Preexercise and postexercise levels of the enzymes were not statistically different in the infarct group. Functions of the left ventricle were prominently decreased in patients with myocardial infarct and severity of the ischemia in this group was significantly higher than those of the other subgroups (p<0.001). There were not statistically significant differences between the scintigraphic parameters of normal and ischemia subgroups, except for STSS (p>0.05 and p<0.001, respectively). There was not a significant correlation between the enzyme levels and scintigraphic parameters. In conclusion, reversible myocardial ischemia seems not to have prominent effect on the secretion of the non-specific biochemical markers of myocardial injury.
This chapter focuses on changes in refugee identity and political power in the post-Cold War era. Often depicted as a period in which all sides but the refugees opted for reconciliation, the 1990s ...actually saw all sides wishing to save face in exchange for normalized relations. Hanoi had to justify reversing course on the communist revolution, while the United States demanded concessions to avoid the appearance of a second surrender, and the refugees themselves, with little leverage themselves, hoped for democratic reforms. Once normalization became a reality, Vietnamese Americans reacted in multiple ways to fears that globalization would transform Little Saigon into Little Ho Chi Minh City. Ironically, they used their status as US citizens and their high concentration in Orange County to advance exile politics at the local level just as they were losing influence at the national level.
A novel scheme is presented for traffic encryption key (TEK) rekeying with low communication overhead for an Internet television (IPTV) conditional access system over Data-Over-Cable Service ...Interface Specifications (DOCSIS) 3.0. The proposed scheme utilizes the DOCSIS system synchronization for periodic TEK rekeying instead of a conventional TEK rekeying negotiation process. Analysis shows that the communication overhead is only 0.012 Kbps when TEK rekeying frequency is 1 second.
The first systematic effort to document traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) of beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) in Russia was conducted in the villages of Sireniki, Novoe Chaplino, ...Yanrakinnot, and Uelen, in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. The findings describe migratory and local movements, feeding, calving, ecological interactions, and human influences on distribution and behavior. The results add considerable detail to published accounts of belugas in Russian waters of the Bering and Chukchi Seas. Among these are descriptions of avoidance and habituation responses to anthropogenic noise, which appear to depend in part on association with hunting activities. The authors observe that most of the TEK documented in this study came from older hunters, and that the collective pool of traditional knowledge in the region is disappearing. /// La première tentative systématique en vue de documenter le savoir écologique traditionnel (SET) sur les bélougas (Delphinapterus leucas) en Russie a été menée dans les villages de Sireniki, de Novoe Chaplino, de Yanrakinnot et de Uelen, dans l'arrondissement autonome des Tchouktches. Les résultats décrivent les déplacements migratoires et locaux, la nutrition, la mise bas, les interactions écologiques et les influences humaines sur la distribution et le comportement. Les résultats apportent de nombreux détails aux relevés de bélougas dans les eaux russes de la mer de Bering et de la mer des Tchouktches. Ces nouveaux détails incluent la description des réactions d'évitement et d'accoutumance au bruit anthropique, qui semble dépendre en partie de l'association avec les activités cynégétiques. Les auteurs observent que la plupart du SET documenté dans cette étude vient de vieux chasseurs et que le bassin collectif du savoir traditionnel dans la région est en train de disparaître.
Bu in-vitro çalışmanın amacı, bir kompozitrezin ile restore edilmiş Sınıf V kavitelerde iki selfetch ve üç tek şişe bonding sistemlerin mikrosızıntıüzerine etkilerini incelemektir. 50 adet ...V-şeklindeservikal kaviteler yeni çekilmiş sürekli molar dişlerin bukkal yüzeylerine açıldı. Kaviteler kullanılacak bonding sistemlere göre rasgele gruplara ayrıldı: Self-etch bondingler; Optibond Solo Plus SE ve Prompt-L-Pop ve tek-şişe bondingler; Optibond Solo Plus, Excite ve Prime Bond NT. Bonding sistemlerin uygulanmas›ndan sonra, bütün kaviteler Charisma kompozit rezin ile restore edildi. Bütün örnekler 24 saat distile su içerisinde bekletildi ve 1dakika kalacak şekilde 5 ve 55°C termal siklus işlemi 1000 kez uyguland›. Bütün dişler 24 saat için %0.5 bazik fuksin içerisinde bekletildi. Dişler bukko-palatinal/lingual yönde kesildi ve mine ve gingival duvarlar 0 ila 3 arasındaki skorlar ile değerlendirildi. Non-parametrik istatistiksel analiz sonuçlar› bütün bonding sistemler arasında istatistiksel bir fark olmadığını gösterdi.
Effective ecological monitoring is central to the sustainability of subsistence resources of indigenous communities. For caribou, Arctic indigenous people's most important terrestrial subsistence ...resource, body condition is a useful measure because it integrates many ecological factors that influence caribou productivity and is recognized by biologists and hunters as meaningful. We draw on experience working with indigenous communities to develop a body condition monitoring protocol for harvested animals. Local indigenous knowledge provides a broad set of caribou health indicators and explanations of how environmental conditions may affect body condition. Scientific research on caribou body condition provides a basis to develop a simple dichotomous key that includes back fat, intestinal fat, kidney fat and marrow¬fat, as measures of body fat, which in autumn to early winter correlates with the likelihood of pregnancy. The dichotomous key was formulated on "expert knowledge" and validated against field estimates of body composition. We compare local indigenous knowledge indicators with hunter documented data based on the dichotomous key. The potential con¬tribution of community body condition monitoring can be realized through the continued comparative analysis of datasets. Better communication among hunters and scientists, and refinement of data collection and analysis methods are recommended. Results suggest that specific local knowledge may become generalized and integrated between regions if the dichotomous key is used as a generalized (semi-quantitative) index and complemented with other science and community-based assessments.
OBJECTIVEThe activation of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) has been postulated to be involved in cell differentiation and proliferation. To elucidate the involvement of tyrosine kinase genes in ...normal and pathological conditions, we analysed the expression patterns of receptor-type PTKs in the normal and hypertensive hypertrophied heart in rats.
MATERIALS AND METHODSHypertrophied and normal rat hearts were obtained from hypertensive rats; deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt and 2 kidney-1 clip (2K-1C), and their sham-operated rats, respectively. A reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed using degenerated primers which were designed from highly conserved regions in the catalytic domains of receptor-type PTKs. The PCR products were ligated into a sequence vector, and subcloned by transforming bacteria. To compare the expression level of these PTK mRNAs in the normal and hypertrophied heart, we performed semi-competetive RT-PCR and immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses.
RESULTSNucleotide sequencing of approximately 80 clones of PTKs revealed 10 receptor-type, five nonreceptor-type and two unknown types in the rat heart. Tie-2/Tek, Ryk, insulin-like growth factor-I receptor were abundantly expressed in the rat heart as members of receptor-type PTKs. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-α receptor, PDGF-β receptor and fibroblast growth factor-3 receptor in both normal and hypertrophied hearts. We also confirmed the presence of Flt-1, KDR/Flk-1, and their ligand vascular endothelial growth factor, c-Met and its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and Tie-1, Tie-2/Tek by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. The co-expression of cardiac HGF and c-Met in hypertrophied hearts, especially in 2K-1C rats, was induced more intensively than that in DOCA-salt rats.
CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that HGF/c-Met interactions may play an important role in cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling, probably as a result of the activation of the local renin-angiotensin system.
Atletski miting na Glaziji 1. septembra 1940 v organizaciji SK Celje.Na mitingu je nastopilo 60 tekmovalcev iz Slovenije in sosednje Hrvaške iz naslednjih klubov Bratstvo Jesenice, Concordia Zagreb, ...Ilirija Ljubljana, Maraton Maribor, Primorje in Planina iz Ljubljane, Rapid in Železničar iz Maribora ter domači SK Celje, ki je bil organizator mitinga. Tone Agrež, član domačega kluba, je bil na tem tekmovanju v teku na 5.000 m tretji. Tekmovalca, ki stojita ob robu tekmovalne steze, sta zasedla prvo in drugo mesto. Za drogom stoji V. Štajner (Steiner), atlet na desni pred njim je nepoznan.Vir: osebni arhiv in Almanah celjske atletike, 1954, str. 29-30 Prispeval: Rudi Škedelj
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