Anomalous transport on a corrugated ratchet potential Mazzitello, Karina Irma; Zarlenga, Daniel Gustavo; Arizmendi, Constancio Miguel
Journal of physics. Conference series,
07/2021, Letnik:
1978, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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Abstract
We present an extensive study the motion of particles in a rocking ratchet potential corrugated by quenched correlated disorder. The spatial disorder slows down the collective motion of ...particles. Anomalous transport in its both forms, subdiffusion and superdiffusion has been observed at long times. We provide a qualitative explanation for the origin of these anomalies. These behaviors are a direct consequence of the interplay between the ratchet potential roughness and the temperature of the system. In the same way as Khoury et al 1, we find a relation between the mean velocity of the particles and the different kinds of diffusion at long time.
Round table on Standard Model Anomalies Kotwal, Ashutosh V.; Matias, Joaquim; Mauri, Andrea ...
EPJ Web of Conferences,
2022, Letnik:
274
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
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This contribution to “The XVth Quark confinement and the Hadron spectrum conference" covers a description, both theoretical and experimental, of the present status of a set of very different ...anomalies. The discussion ranges from the long standing
b
→
sℓℓ
anomalies, (
g
− 2) and the new
M
W
anomaly.
The long‐term memory of the ocean makes sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) become a significant predictor for the subsequent atmosphere, and the tropical ocean is primarily regarded as a major ...source of atmospheric anomalies. While in North Pacific, the local midlatitude SSTAs also have large contributions but have not been adequately considered yet. We discover a strong connection between the Kuroshio‐Oyashio Extension (KOE) SSTAs in spring and the local atmospheric circulation anomalies in following summer at interannual timescale, wherein, the spring KOE SSTAs are generally independent of tropical ocean, and they are primarily induced by the concurrent atmospheric anomalies via surface heat flux and ocean dynamic processes. The spring KOE SSTAs can persist to summer, and then generate nearly reversed whole‐layer atmospheric circulation anomalies in their north side through both diabatic heating and atmospheric transient eddy forcing. Consequently, precipitation anomalies in Pan‐Pacific regions are distinctly modulated from spring to summer.
Plain Language Summary
Because of the vast heat‐holding capacity and the long‐term memory of ocean, sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) are usually taken as the significant factors to understand and predict climate anomalies. On interannual timescale, attentions have primarily centered on the tropical SSTAs, but recent studies indicated that the SSTAs in mid‐to‐high latitudes, especially in the Kuroshio‐Oyashio Extension (KOE) could have important feedbacks on the atmosphere. In this study, the KOE SSTAs in spring are discovered to have large interannual variability, and they are independent of the tropical SSTAs but closely linked to the subsequent summer atmospheric anomalies. It is found that the spring KOE SSTAs are mainly forced by the atmosphere via the surface heat flux and the ocean dynamic processes. In turn, they can persist to summer, and then play a dominant role in the air‐sea interaction in North Pacific, inducing remarkable geopotential height anomalies in north side. Consequently, in terms of the KOE SSTAs evolving from spring to summer, the Pan‐Pacific precipitation anomalies are distinctly modulated due to the opposite air‐sea interaction processes in the two seasons. These findings advocate for the use of springtime KOE SSTAs as a predictive indicator for following summer atmospheric and precipitation conditions.
Key Points
The spring Kuroshio‐Oyashio Extension (KOE) sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) are independent of tropical ocean and primarily forced by the concurrent local atmosphere at interannual timescale
The spring KOE SSTAs can persist to summer and exert a delayed cross‐season impact on the subsequent summer atmosphere
Associated with the spring KOE SSTAs, precipitation anomalies in Pan‐Pacific regions are distinctly modulated from spring to summer
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly recognized cause of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) afflicting predominantly younger to middle-aged women. Observational studies have ...reported a high prevalence of extracoronary vascular anomalies, especially fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) and a low prevalence of coincidental cases of atherosclerosis. PHACTR1/EDN1 is a genetic risk locus for several vascular diseases, including FMD and coronary artery disease, with the putative causal noncoding variant at the rs9349379 locus acting as a potential enhancer for the endothelin-1 (EDN1) gene.
This study sought to test the association between the rs9349379 genotype and SCAD.
Results from case control studies from France, United Kingdom, United States, and Australia were analyzed to test the association with SCAD risk, including age at first event, pregnancy-associated SCAD (P-SCAD), and recurrent SCAD.
The previously reported risk allele for FMD (rs9349379-A) was associated with a higher risk of SCAD in all studies. In a meta-analysis of 1,055 SCAD patients and 7,190 controls, the odds ratio (OR) was 1.67 (95% confidence interval CI: 1.50 to 1.86) per copy of rs9349379-A. In a subset of 491 SCAD patients, the OR estimate was found to be higher for the association with SCAD in patients without FMD (OR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.53 to 2.33) than in SCAD cases with FMD (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.28 to 1.99). There was no effect of genotype on age at first event, P-SCAD, or recurrence.
The first genetic risk factor for SCAD was identified in the largest study conducted to date for this condition. This genetic link may contribute to the clinical overlap between SCAD and FMD.
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