Abstract In the last decade we have witnessed a dramatic increase in the proportion and absolute number of bacterial pathogens resistant to multiple antibacterial agents. Multidrug-resistant bacteria ...are currently considered as an emergent global disease and a major public health problem. The B-Debate meeting brought together renowned experts representing the main stakeholders (i.e. policy makers, public health authorities, regulatory agencies, pharmaceutical companies and the scientific community at large) to review the global threat of antibiotic resistance and come up with a coordinated set of strategies to fight antimicrobial resistance in a multifaceted approach. We summarize the views of the B-Debate participants regarding the current situation of antimicrobial resistance in animals and the food chain, within the community and the healthcare setting as well as the role of the environment and the development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, providing expert recommendations to tackle the global threat of antimicrobial resistance.
This Special Issue on Antimicrobial Resistance in Environmental Waters features 11 articles on the monitoring and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in natural aquatic systems (i.e., ...reservoirs, rivers), and effluent discharge from water treatment plants to assess the effectiveness of AMR removal and resulting loads in treated waters. Some of the key elements of AMR studies presented in this Special Issue highlight the underlying drivers of AMR contamination in the environment and the evaluation of the hazard imposed on aquatic organisms in receiving environments through ecological risk assessments. As described in this Issue, screening antimicrobial peptide (AMP) libraries for biofilm disruption and antimicrobial candidates are promising avenues for the development of new treatment options to eradicate resistance.
Bacterial Metabolism and Antibiotic Efficacy Stokes, Jonathan M.; Lopatkin, Allison J.; Lobritz, Michael A. ...
Cell metabolism,
08/2019, Letnik:
30, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Antibiotics target energy-consuming processes. As such, perturbations to bacterial metabolic homeostasis are significant consequences of treatment. Here, we describe three postulates that ...collectively define antibiotic efficacy in the context of bacterial metabolism: (1) antibiotics alter the metabolic state of bacteria, which contributes to the resulting death or stasis; (2) the metabolic state of bacteria influences their susceptibility to antibiotics; and (3) antibiotic efficacy can be enhanced by altering the metabolic state of bacteria. Altogether, we aim to emphasize the close relationship between bacterial metabolism and antibiotic efficacy as well as propose areas of exploration to develop novel antibiotics that optimally exploit bacterial metabolic networks.
The metabolic state of bacteria significantly contributes to the efficacy of antibiotics. In this Perspective, Stokes et al. highlight the close relationship between bacterial cell metabolism and antibiotic efficacy, leveraging prior observations to describe areas for further exploration, with the goal of developing next-generation antibiotics that can optimally exploit the complex metabolic networks of bacteria.
Antibiotics as Major Disruptors of Gut Microbiota Ramirez, Jaime; Guarner, Francisco; Bustos Fernandez, Luis ...
Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology,
11/2020, Letnik:
10
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Advances in culture-independent research techniques have led to an increased understanding of the gut microbiota and the role it plays in health and disease. The intestine is populated by a complex ...microbial community that is organized around a network of metabolic interdependencies. It is now understood that the gut microbiota is vital for normal development and functioning of the human body, especially for the priming and maturation of the adaptive immune system. Antibiotic use can have several negative effects on the gut microbiota, including reduced species diversity, altered metabolic activity, and the selection of antibiotic-resistant organisms, which in turn can lead to antibiotic-associated diarrhea and recurrent
infections. There is also evidence that early childhood exposure to antibiotics can lead to several gastrointestinal, immunologic, and neurocognitive conditions. The increase in the use of antibiotics in recent years suggests that these problems are likely to become more acute or more prevalent in the future. Continued research into the structure and function of the gut microbiota is required to address this challenge.
This reprint is an excellent collection of articles that deal with difficult-to-treat infections in the ICU environment. Multiresistant bacteria and fungi create severe treatment problems to the ...physician charged with their care. We hope that this book will help everyday dilemmas and add useful information on difficult topics.
The forgotten future of the phage Woolfson, Adrian
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science),
08/2023, Letnik:
381, Številka:
6658
Journal Article
Recenzirano
As antibiotic resistance soars, a journalist revisits an often overlooked antimicrobial strategy
Aquatic environments are identified as an ideal setting for acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, and human exposure to antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance ...genes (ARGs) in aquatic environments may pose an additional health risk. Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) has been suggested as a suitable method to evaluate and quantify this health risk. However, information about the exposure to ARB and ARGs in aquatic environments is lacking for many scenarios and dose-response models regarding the ARB infections are not developed yet. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the ARB and ARGs in aquatic environments and highlights the challenging questions remaining to be answered to better forecast the health risks caused by ARB and ARGs in water environments. The questions include what are the missing information needed to quantify the human health risks caused by exposing to ARB and ARGs in aquatic environments? what are the suitable markers to evaluate the ARB/ARGs contamination in aquatic environments? how frequently do the ARG selection and propagation occur in aquatic environments? and are there any unknown hot spots? Studies on the above topics will contribute to better management of antibiotic resistance dissemination in water environments and its risks on human health.
Abbreviations
3GC
3
rd
generation cephalosporins
ARB
Antibiotic resistant bacteria
ARG
Antibiotic resistance gene
CFU
Colony forming unit
DBP
Disinfection by-products
eDNA
Extracellular DNA
EPS
Extracellular polymeric substances
HGT
Horizontal gene transfer
ISCR
Insertion sequence common region
MAR
Multiple antibiotic resistant
MIC
Minimum inhibitory concentration
MGE
Mobile genetic elements
MSW
Municipal solid waste
QMRA
Quantitative microbial risk assessment
VBNC
Viable but non-culturable
WWTP
Wastewater treatment plant
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