Death and Emotion Fögen, Thorsten
Narodna umjetnost,
12/2023, Letnik:
60, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This article examines death narratives about dogs, an animal species which had a special significance for the Greeks and Romans. The analysis starts with one particularly famous animal: Odysseus’ dog ...Argus in Homer’s Odyssey, a case that may be seen as the archetype of ancient descriptions of an animal’s death. This constitutes the basis for the discussion of several other texts: (1) a short passage from Theophrastus’ Characters on the death of a Maltese dog (Char. 21.9), (2) the epitaph for the Maltese dog Taurus (Anth. Pal. 7.211), (3) the tombstone for the dog Aeolis (AE 1994.0348), (4) the epitaph for the Gallic dog Margarita (CIL 6.29896), and (5) the tombstone for the Gallic dog Myia (CIL 13.488). The various different death narratives investigated here not only reveal the animals’ characteristics and the meaning that they had for their owners, but also shed some interesting light on the owners themselves, in particular on their social status.
Ovaj se članak bavi narativima o smrti psa, životinje koja je imala posebnu važnost za Grke i Rimljane. Analiza počinje s jednim naročito poznatim psom: Odisejevim Argom u Homerovoj Odiseji, koji se može sagledati kao arhetip antičkih opisa smrti životinja. Na tom temelju raspravlja se o nekoliko drugih tekstova: (1) o kratkom odlomku iz Teofrastovih Karaktera o smrti malteškog psa (Char. 21.9), (2) o epitafu za malteškog psa Taurusa (Anth. Pal. 7.211), nadgrobnom spomeniku za psa Aeolisa (AE 1994.0348), (4) epitafu za galskog psa Margaritu (CIL 6.29896), te (5) nadgrobnom spomeniku za galskog psa Myiu (CIL 13.488). Raznoliki i različiti narativi o smrti koje istražujemo ne ukazuju samo na karakteristike tih životinja i njihovu važnost za njihove vlasnike (skrbnike) nego i daju uvid u same vlasnike, a posebice njihov društveni status.
U nastojanju za razumijevanjem kasnoantičkih prilika na sjevernojadranskom području analizirali smo dosad pronađene ostave novca na ozemlju antičke Istre. Riječ je o šest ostava, od kojih se za jednu ...ne zna točno mjesto nalaza, nastalih od III. do V. stoljeća u sjevernoj i središnjoj Istri. Znatno se razlikuju po obimu – od skromnih ostava do onih koje sadrže na tisuće kovanica – kao i po značajkama same mikrolokacije na kojoj su pronađene. Nastanak novčanih pohrana načelno je znak pogoršanih javnosigurnosnih prilika, kada stanovništvo sklanja dragocjenosti u strahu za svoju imovinu. Stoga smo pokušali ustanovljeno vrijeme nastanka svake pojedine ostave dovesti u vezu s istodobnim političkim događanjima za koje znamo iz pisanih izvora.
What the Ancients Knew Olson, Ryan S
The Hedgehog review,
04/2024, Letnik:
26, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Ancient ethics are all the rage these days, with books and programs guiding seekers in cultivating Stoic disciplines or applying Peripatetic codes. However, the recent resurgence of interest in ...ancient sources goes beyond practical advice and offers a new way of living. This shift can be attributed to the thinness of ethical life in the twenty-first century, which is reduced to calculations of utility and individual happiness. The ancients recognized that true moral quality requires hope and a sense of purpose. The decline of traditional cultural resources and the rise of expressive individualism have left us longing for a more substantial ethical foundation. The histories and literatures of antiquity can help address this deficit by providing insights into ancient models of formation. Ancient education was grounded in cultural and historical realities that are vastly different from our own. The ancient Greeks and Romans understood that formation was not limited to the classroom but encompassed the entire environment in which a child grew up. The family, community, religious institutions, and social practices all played a role in shaping character. The ancients recognized the importance of depth and breadth in formation, drawing on every aspect of a person's life to cultivate virtue.
Genel anlamda Eskiçağın sonları ve Ortaçağların başları şeklinde ifade edilen Geç Antikçağ için farklı yaklaşımlar söz konusudur. Geç Antikçağ olarak ifade edilen dönemin sınırları tam olarak ortaya ...konulamamıştır. Bu dönemin sınırlarıyla ilgili fikir yürüten bilim insanlarından bazıları Geç Antikçağı bin yıllık bir zaman dilimine yerleştirme eğilimindedirler. Batılı tarihçiler bu dönemin mekânsal ve zamansal sınırlarını Roma ve Doğu Roma tarihini eksen alarak belirlemeye çalışırlar. Bu dönemin sınırlarını tespit ederken, onun Eskiçağlardan ve Ortaçağlardan farklı olan belirgin özelliklerini ortaya koymak ve bu şekilde bir sınır belirlemek daha yerinde olacaktır. Bu dönemin kendisinden önceki veya sonraki dönemlerden farklı olduğu birçok gelişme bulunmaktadır. Geç Antikçağ eski dünya ile yenidünya arasında bir geçiş dönemidir. Bu dönem günümüz Avrupa’sının siyasi haritasının ortaya çıktığı, doğu-batı sınırının belirgin hale geldiği ve günümüz dünyasının dini yapılarının temellerinin atıldığı bir dönemdir. Geç Antikçağ Ön Asya çalışmaları bağlamında Roma ve Îrân varlığına bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan siyasi ve askeri gelişmeler dönemin sınırlarını belirlemede önemli bir yere sahiptir. Dolayısıyla Geç Antikçağın sınırlarını tespit ederken Ön Asya tarihini de göz önünde bulundurmak gerekir. Bu makale Ön Asya tarihi bağlamında bu dönemde ortaya çıkan önemli olaylardan hareketle Geç Antikçağın sınırları hakkında bir takım tespitler yapmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Archaeological investigations of late prehistoric Iberia between the Neolithic and Bronze Age (6000-1500 BCE) have long been a battleground between indigenist and exogenous models, and understandings ...of mobility and alterity have played an important role in these debates. Prior to the development of radiocarbon dating, key cultural transformations, such as megaliths, copper metallurgy, fortified hilltop settlements, and Beakers, were generally associated with nonlocal peoples, migrants, or colonizers. With the incorporation of radiocarbon dating to Iberian archaeological contexts in the 1980s and the determination of the antiquity of many of these cultural changes, the pendulum swung in the other direction, with a marked shift toward viewing autochthonous origins for these watershed transitions. In recent years, developments in strontium isotope analyses, genetics, and raw material characterization studies have provided new evidence for the mobility of peoples and things, and diffusionist models, sometimes without critical theorization, have once again reemerged.
The paper presents the many corrupt or suspect practices encountered by Quintus Aurelius Symmachus, a prominent senator of the late 4th century, in his capacity as city prefect (384/5). These ...practices afford some insight into the functioning of Late Antique interest-based networks, which enabled individuals or groups to influence and hamper the work of the imperial administration.
Right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) were extirpated from the eastern North Atlantic by commercial whaling. Grey whales (Eschrichtius robustus) disappeared from the entire North Atlantic in ...still-mysterious circumstances. Here, we test the hypotheses that both species previously occurred in the Mediterranean Sea, an area not currently considered part of their historical range. We used ancient DNA barcoding and collagen fingerprinting methods to taxonomically identify a rare set of 10 presumed whale bones from Roman and pre-Roman archaeological sites in the Strait of Gibraltar region, plus an additional bone from the Asturian coast. We identified three right whales, and three grey whales, demonstrating that the ranges of both of these species historically encompassed the Gibraltar region, probably including the Mediterranean Sea as calving grounds. Our results significantly extend the known range of the Atlantic grey whale, and suggest that 2000 years ago, right and grey whales were common when compared with other whale species. The disappearance of right and grey whales from the Mediterranean region is likely to have been accompanied by broader ecosystem impacts, including the disappearance of their predators (killer whales) and a reduction in marine primary productivity. The evidence that these two coastal and highly accessible species were present along the shores of the Roman Empire raises the hypothesis that they may have formed the basis of a forgotten whaling industry.
We present the results of the zooarchaeological analysis carried out on the fauna recovered in five different areas of ancient Termez (Uzbekistan). The sequence analysed covers the period from c ...300 BCE to c 1400 CE (Greco-Bactrian/Yuezhi, Kushan, Sassanian, and Islamic periods). The investigation focused on the main animal species raised, the skeletal profiles represented and their age at death. A taphonomic study was also performed to evaluate the processing of the animals' bone carcasses by the human groups in Termez, and to determine other natural and biological agents that have affected the samples. The results reveal a livestock population dominated by sheep and goats throughout the period of occupation of the settlement, from which meat, wool and other dairy products were obtained. Cattle and horses are represented in the whole stratigraphic sequence, although they were particularly important during the Sassanian period. Swine also appears notably, although its frequency significantly decreases in the Islamic period. The diet included roosters and hens, probably also raised for their eggs. Wild species hunted and processed by the inhabitants of Termez appear in all phases of occupation. We should note the presence of gazelle and, in the Greco-Bactrian/Yuezhi phase, saiga antelope. Camelids are scarce and only documented during the Sassanian phase. The use of bones to manufacture game playing pieces or objects for textile production has also been recognised in ancient Termez.
•Zooarchaeological remains from Termez dated from c 300 BCE to c 1400 CE were analysed.•Livestock mainly included ovicaprine together with cattle, swine, roosters and hens.•Dogs were present for livestock care and benefited from bone waste left by humans.•Camelid bones are scarce; gazelle and saiga antelope were hunted in all periods.•Livestock and hunting patterns were maintained with slight changes in specific phases.
El mundo funerario es un campo de investigación que siempre está proporcionando nuevos datos. Una de las mejores formas para conocer las sociedades del pasado y sus modos de vida es a través de sus ...enterramientos y de los propios espacios funerarios, los cuáles configuran un espacio circundante. En este sentido, para comprender el paisaje del que forma parte un yacimiento, hay que conocer la implantación que se produce en el propio espacio funerario, su proceso evolutivo y las transformaciones que pudieron realizarse en el sitio. En este trabajo se presentan tres necrópolis muy próximas entre sí pero que tienen sus propias particularidades, así como sus semejanzas. Los tres yacimientos son tardoantiguos y se encuentran en la zona del embalse Guadalteba en la provincia de Málaga.AbstractThe funerary world is a research field that is always providing new information. One of the best way of knowing past societies and their respective lifestyle are the burials, and the funerary spaces that characterize the surrounding space. In this way, to understand the landscape from which a site is part of, we must know the implantation that is produced in the funerary space, his evolutive process and the transformations that were performed in the site. In this work, three necropolis are presented that are very close to each other, but that have their own particularities, as well as their similarities. The three sites are from late antiquity and are located in
The Elegies of Maximianus Etruscus (sixth century CE) are first-person narratives in which the poet writes about the life cycle, making love and sex the building blocks of the story. Through his ...failed relationships with different women, Maximianus talks about the perception of his aging, especially the changes in his body and his eroticism, and the progressive loss of masculinity that to him comes with old age. The aim of this paper is to analyze the relationship between old age and gender in Maximianus' elegies from a double perspective: the perception of old age itself as a unique and personal fact, and age and masculinity as interacting social constructions that are historically constructed. We will address issues such as the emotions linked to aging, the representation of old age as a living death, the relationship of masculinity with sexuality and the importance of erection. Finally, we will place Maximianus' poems within their historical context, analyzing how they can be interpreted as a metaphor for the period in which its author lived, in which old age and loss of power symbolized the disappearance of the Ostrogothic kingdom of Italy and, in general, the end of the Roman Empire. A literary exercise but also a life story, this set of six elegies allows us to approach the social construction of gender and age in Late Antiquity.
•Maximianus' Elegies are personal and social narratives about masculinity and aging.•For Maximianus, old age represented a loss of identity.•Erection was one of the foundations of masculinity in Late Antiquity.•Aging was used as a metaphor for the disintegration of the Roman Empire.
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