The architectural appearance of Tobolsk was developing and changing throughout the period of the 17th–19th cc. In the history of the city, there were impeding factors of this process associated with ...the activity of natural forces. Its lower quarter, located on the alluvial plane, was regularly subjected to the floods of the Irtysh River. They caused substantial physical damage to the city, eroded the loamy riverbank, and damaged roads, structures of the bridges, shops, churches, and residential houses. The upper quarter, on the contrary, suffered from the lack of water, which had to be delivered from the piedmont part. This situa-tion was exasperated by the high overcrowding of the population and timber-housing density. Therefore, fire accidents were a real scourge of Tobolsk. The paper concerns the causes of the regular occurrence of natural disasters in Tobolsk, their influ-ence on the development of its urban-planning structure and formation of adaptation processes with respect to them in the sub-sistence culture of Tobolsk residents. The novelty of the research is due to the fact that the historical and archaeological materi-als are considered in the synthesis. The historical sources contain information on the construction and renovation of the main city buildings, their destruction in the result of fires and floods, and refer to the measures taken by the authorities to counter these events. The archaeological data shows how the residents of Tobolsk were coping with the destructive power of natural elements. The research revealed the measures undertaken by the Tobolsk residents towards the reduction of the fire hazard: police surveillance, street planning, stone building, change of the structural features of ovens, house thermal insulation, building of Nikolsky Vzvoz and a water tower. Protection from snowmelt floods, highwaters and the high level of the ground waters centred around the bank strengthening of the Irtysh and its tributaries by ramming in poles and timber logs with tamping the free space with stone, digging ditches for water diversion, backfilling certain platforms with subsoil, and by building timber houses on subcletions, houses with stone foundation on stilts or ground sills. In general, using the archaeological and histrorical materials, the mechanisms of the adaptation of the Tobolsk population to the natural-climatic environmental conditions have been identified.
This paper presents a case study of data management and processing of archaeological information through a relational database. The unusual typology of the ‘small finds’ that were archaeologically ...analyzed and the specific history of the excavations at Phaistos and Ayia Triada (Crete, Greece) prompted our consideration of issues regarding data integrity. We sought to address the problem surrounding the relevance of archaeological sources by applying a reliability index to the subjective interpretations of archaeological data, which ultimately led to the implementation of a fuzzy method to determine the degree of uncertainty of attributions associated with function. The resulting database represents a ‘container of memories’ that allows the processing of all the typological and functional attributions from any source, without having to necessarily simplify or dilute the information in order to render it manageable. The concept of ‘probability of belonging’ and multi-assignment of source attributions seem to represent plausible methodological pathways to determining the reliability of archaeological data, thus warranting the research presented herein.
Infrastructure of the north branch of Great Silk Road is the valuable source for the reconstruction of integral picture of historical, ethnocultural and economical development of Сaspian tribes and ...peoples in the Middle Ages. The analysis of writing and archaeological sources showed that despite the success of Golden Horde cities research, the branching network of trade routes and caravanserais on the south of Russia were left unstudied. That’s why, in the paper special attention was given to attempts of reconstruction of overland roads on the north branch of Great Silk Road based on space photos, cartography sources, writing and archaeological sources. The authors suggest that not less important direction in the research of the structure and functions of the north branch of Great Silk Road is the research in the caravanserais as the interim element between large trade centers, which will allow the authors to show their place in the communicational system and to give a new outlook on the interrelations between urban and nomadic cultures.
Constantine VII Porphyrogenitus’ treatise De Administrando Imperio contains unique information on the country of Papagiya located in the Northwest Caucasus between Zikhiya and Kasakhiya. The present ...paper deals with the issues of Papagiya localization in the Trans-Kuban region and the ethnocultural features of the Papags on the basis of the complex analysis of archaeological and written sources. We make a conclusion that the territory of Papagiya corresponds to the area of cremation burials of the end of the 7th – 9th cc. Besides, we assume the multi-ethnic character of the country’s population, which includes the representatives of сremation rites, the prabolgar tribes and local settled tribes of the foothills. The general reconstruction of history of Papagiya is proposed. At the time of the Khazar Khaganate, Papagiya played the leading role on a left bank of Kuban, but in the first half of the 10th century under the pressure of nomads and in the conditions of a general crisis of Khazaria, Papagiya lost its status. The name of this country was no longer mentioned in written sources, and its population accepted the name of the Kasogs.
The article features the material culture contacts between the Caucasus and the Near East in the pre-Scythian - early Scythian time. New archaeological data traces the dynamics and nature of these ...contacts.
Commentary on the Song of Songs Alan Tedeško
Edinost in dialog ( Spletna izd.),
12/2021, Letnik:
76, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
The article analyses the philological-linguistic commentary on the Song of Songs written by p. Milan Holc. The author emphasizes the importance of archaeological discoveries in the making of the ...commentary. The discoveries helped to understand some of the grammatical and lexicographical features of the Hebrew language. Based on the examples, the article tries to shed light on the methodological approach and evaluate the results of research from the point of view of textual criticism, grammatical peculiarities and modern exegesis.
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