Cet ouvrage rassemble les actes d’un colloque international tenu à la Maison Méditerranéenne des Sciences de l’Homme d’Aix-en-Provence les 6, 7 et 8 octobre 2016. Organisée par le Laboratoire ...d’Archéologie Médiévale et Moderne en Méditerranée (CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université) et par le Dipartimento di Scienze Storiche e dei Beni Culturali de l’Université de Sienne, cette rencontre a réuni près de cinquante spécialistes du Moyen Âge – archéologues, historiens, géochimistes – autour des métaux précieux en Méditerranée. Ce livre entend examiner un long processus qui s’étend de l’extraction des minerais jusqu’à la diffusion des métaux, en articulant les techniques aux sociétés et aux pouvoirs. Le panorama des principaux lieux de la production, ici présenté sous forme de synthèses régionales, côtoie des études qui suivent les différentes phases de ce processus, de façon à confronter les sources, les approches et à faciliter les comparaisons. L’enquête se focalise enfin sur les circulations des métaux, en mettant en évidence les problèmes de sources et de méthodes que cela induit, tout en proposant des relectures historiographiques fondées sur les résultats de travaux récents. Pour la première fois, la Méditerranée médiévale fournit le cadre géographique d’une réflexion collective consacrée aux productions et circulations des métaux précieux. Au-delà du simple bilan de connaissances, ce livre entend finalement proposer quelques jalons pour une histoire comparée et connectée : l’approfondissement, puis la confrontation d’enquêtes monographiques et régionales offrent dans cette optique de fécondes perspectives pour les années à venir.
Sarta Tecta Aumard, Sylvain; Carvais, Robert; Chossenot, Raphaëlle ...
2019
Book
Cet ouvrage est le fruit des réflexions menées lors de la journée d’études « De l’entretien quotidien des édifices à la conservation du patrimoine bâti aux époques antique et médiévale », organisée ...le 10 octobre 2014 au Musée d’Art et d’Histoire de Saint-Denis. Il n’a pas fallu attendre l’apparition d’une politique consciente et formalisée de conservation des monuments historiques en Europe au XIXe siècle pour que des bâtiments traversent le temps. L’enjeu de cet ouvrage est d’examiner les processus de préservation des édifices, privés comme publics, avant l’époque contemporaine, depuis l’entretien régulier jusqu’aux campagnes plus ou moins exceptionnelles de restauration. Les huit contributions réunies proposent un éclairage interdisciplinaire et diachronique de ce phénomène, à travers des analyses de corpus textuels, des études d’ensembles architecturaux et des synthèses sur des matériaux ou des parties d’édifices, pour dresser un tableau de la diversité des pratiques liées à la conservation des édifices dans la Méditerranée antique et l’Europe médiévale et moderne. Ces études révèlent que la dégradation des constructions était fréquemment anticipée par les bâtisseurs et mettent en lumière une série de distinctions financières, juridiques, mais aussi idéologiques permettant d’établir une dichotomie entre entretien et restauration, de prime abord absente dans le vocabulaire technique. Ce faisant, cet ouvrage offre un éclairage nouveau sur la notion de patrimoine aux époques anciennes.
Set along the Sahara's edge, Sijilmasa was an African El Dorado, a legendary city of gold. But unlike El Dorado, Sijilmasa was a real city, the pivot in the gold trade between ancient Ghana and the ...Mediterranean world. Following its emergence as an independent city-state controlling a monopoly on gold during its first 250 years, Sijilmasa was incorporated into empire—Almoravid, Almohad, and onward—leading to the "last civilized place" becoming the cradle of today's Moroccan dynasty, the Alaouites. Sijilmasa's millennium of greatness ebbed with periods of war, renewal, and abandonment. Today, its ruins lie adjacent to and under the modern town of Rissani, bypassed by time.The Moroccan-American Project at Sijilmasa draws on archaeology, historical texts, field reconnaissance, oral tradition, and legend to weave the story of how this fabled city mastered its fate. The authors' deep local knowledge and interpretation of the written and ecological record allow them to describe how people and place molded four distinct periods in the city's history. Messier and Miller compare models of Islamic cities to what they found on the ground to understand how Sijilmasa functioned as a city. Continuities and discontinuities between Sijilmasa and the contemporary landscape sharpen questions regarding the nature of human life on the rim of the desert. What, they ask, allows places like Sijilmasa to rise to greatness? What causes them to fall away and disappear into the desert sands?
Traffici commerciali e approdi portuali nella Sardegna meridionale is a study of trade flows on the southern coast of Sardinia in Late Antiquity through underwater finds, amphorae analysis and ...hypothetical docking points. Underwater surveys along the southern coasts in recent years have allowed us to expand the information registry and have highlighted multiple examples of possible cargoes from wrecks, especially of heterogeneous types, as in Cagliari, Nora (Pula) and in the sea around Sulcis. In particular, the port of Cagliari featured on routes for goods transport and perhaps transhipment. The materials and contexts included in this work originated from throughout the Mediterranean area (South Italy-Sicily, Gaul, Baetica, Lusitania, North Africa, East Mediterranean). A further aspect of the volume concerns the analysis of the underwater archaeological contexts of amphora finds, with the aim of understanding the degree of exploitation of each coastal area and identifying hypothetical docking points, through an underwater, historiographic geomorphological approach. The study aims to increase knowledge of the role of southern Sardinia in Mediterranean trade. Through its central place in the Western Mediterranean the island has played a strategic role in shipping routes and goods exchanges and its resources undoubtedly influenced, directly and indirectly, the involvement of southern Sardinia in ancient marine traffic and commercial exchanges.
Rome Carandini, Andrea; Sartarelli, Stephen
2021, 2021-08-10
eBook
Rome's most important and controversial archaeologist shows why the myth of the city's founding isn't all myth Andrea Carandini's archaeological discoveries and controversial theories about ancient ...Rome have made international headlines over the past few decades. In this book, he presents his most important findings and ideas, including the argument that there really was a Romulus--a first king of Rome--who founded the city in the mid- eighth century BC, making it the world's first city-state, as well as its most influential. Rome: Day One makes a powerful and provocative case that Rome was established in a one-day ceremony, and that Rome's first day was also Western civilization's.Historians tell us that there is no more reason to believe that Rome was actually established by Romulus than there is to believe that he was suckled by a she-wolf. But Carandini, drawing on his own excavations as well as historical and literary sources, argues that the core of Rome's founding myth is not purely mythical. In this illustrated account, he makes the case that a king whose name might have been Romulus founded Rome one April 21st in the mid-eighth century BC, most likely in a ceremony in which a white bull and cow pulled a plow to trace the position of a wall marking the blessed soil of the new city. This ceremony establishing the Palatine Wall, which Carandini discovered, inaugurated the political life of a city that, through its later empire, would influence much of the world.Uncovering the birth of a city that gave birth to a world, Rome: Day One reveals as never before a truly epochal event.
Stratton, Biggleswade: 1,300 years of village life in eastern Bedfordshire from the 5th century AD presents the results of 12 hectares of archaeological excavation undertaken between 1990 and 2001. ...As well as uncovering roughly half of the medieval village, the investigations revealed that Stratton’s origins stretched back to the early Anglo-Saxon period, with the settlement remaining in continuous use through to c. 1700. In contrast to many of the other major excavations of Anglo-Saxon settlements, the evidence from Stratton provides insights into the lives of a low-status rural community, whose development can be traced over the course of more than a millennium. This book presents a chronological account of Stratton’s development; evidence for its economy, trading relations, industrial activities and agricultural landscape; and a discussion of how people lived and died there before the village was finally extinguished by the creation of the classic estate landscape of Stratton Park.
This study provides updated numbers of and historical ethnolinguistic observations on Austroasiatic and Vietic etyma in Vietnamese. Lexical data from two dozen Vietic lects were assembled, half from ...the Mon-Khmer Etymological Database (MKED hereafter) and half from various other published and unpublished sources. Based on Ferlus's preliminary reconstructions of Proto-Vietic (by Ferlus 2007 in the MKED), and data from Austroasiatic, Proto-Tai, and Old and Middle Chinese, approximately 800 items have been evaluated as viable reconstructions. However, of these, nearly 100 are Chinese loanwords of differing periods, and several are early Tai loanwords. The remaining nearly 700 items are native, including about 200 Proto-Austroasiatic etyma, with a few dozen local Austroasiatic words, and over 460 items specific to Vietic. Statistics have been gathered for cultural domains of the reconstructed vocabulary. A combination of etymological sources, semantic domains, and ethnohistorical data (i.e. archaeology, historical texts, and ethnographic information) allow for hypotheses about the ethnolinguistic circumstances of the early Vietic speech community and language contact situations. Many of the cultural domains are readily identified as part of a Neolithic lifestyle (i.e. words related to the natural environment, generic actions, etc.). Some, on the other hand, demonstrate social stratification (e.g. words related to economic practices) and developed agricultural practices (e.g. a large set of terms related to rice production). Others shed light on regional spread of cultural practices (e.g. betel-nut chewing and tooth-blackening) and intergroup contact (e.g. with Sinitic and Tai). Questions related to the spread of metallurgy and metal implements strongly support the influence of Chinese in metal terms and implements. Keywords: Vietnamese, Vietic, Austroasiatic, historical ethnolinguistics ISO 639-3 codes: vie, mtq, scb, thm, pkt, aem, hnu, tou
Siberia's Lake Baikal region is an archaeologically unique and emerging area of hunter-gatherer research, offering insights into the complexity, variability, and dynamics of long-term culture change. ...The exceptional quality of archaeological materials recovered there facilitates interdisciplinary studies whose relevance extends far beyond the region. The Baikal Archaeology Project-one of the most comprehensive studies ever conducted in the history of subarctic archaeology-is conducted by an international multidisciplinary team studying Middle Holocene (about 9,000 to 3,000 years B.P.) hunter-gatherers of the region. Funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, the project includes scholars in archaeology, physical anthropology, ethnography, molecular biology, geophysics, geochemistry, and paleoenvironmental studies. This book presents the current team's research findings on questions about long-term patterns of hunter-gatherer adaptive strategies. Grounded in interdisciplinary approaches to primary research questions of cultural change and continuity over 6,000 years, the project utilizes advanced research methods and integrates diverse lines of evidence in making fundamental and lasting contributions to hunter-gatherer archaeology.
On a New Find of Megantereon Vislobokova, I. A
Paleontological journal,
12/2018, Letnik:
52, Številka:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A canine of Megantereon whitei (Broom, 1937), a large representative of the genus Megantereon from Trlica Cave in Montenegro, a multilayered mammal locality with traces of hominine activity, is ...described. The specimen was found in Bed 9 of the section during excavations in 2010-2014. This record reflects the first penetration of the African species M. whitei into the Balkans. The mammal fauna from Trlica (TRL11-TRL10, 1.8-1.5 Ma) includes the Eurasian species M. cultridens, represented by a canine found in Bed 10.
The Indigenous Paleolithic of the Western Hemisphere is a
reclaimed history of the deep past of Indigenous people in North
and South America during the Paleolithic. Paulette F. C. Steeves
mines ...evidence from archaeology sites and Paleolithic environments,
landscapes, and mammalian and human migrations to make the case
that people have been in the Western Hemisphere not only just prior
to Clovis sites (10,200 years ago) but for more than 60,000 years,
and likely more than 100,000 years. Steeves discusses the political
history of American anthropology to focus on why pre-Clovis sites
have been dismissed by the field for nearly a century. She explores
supporting evidence from genetics and linguistic anthropology
regarding First Peoples and time frames of early migrations.
Additionally, she highlights the work and struggles faced by a
small yet vibrant group of American and European archaeologists who
have excavated and reported on numerous pre-Clovis archaeology
sites. In this first book on Paleolithic archaeology of the
Americas written from an Indigenous perspective, The Indigenous
Paleolithic of the Western Hemisphere includes Indigenous oral
traditions, archaeological evidence, and a critical and
decolonizing discussion of the development of archaeology in the
Americas.
