Se investigó la diferencia existente entre el nivel de resiliencia de personas con discapacidad física, comparando deportistas de alto rendimiento y personas no deportistas. Se realizó un muestreo ...por conveniencia con la participación de 20 personas con discapacidad física, 10 deportistas de alto rendimiento de Boyacá y 10 no deportistas; ambos grupos con 6 hombres y 4 mujeres, con edades entre los 19 y 25 años. Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, de corte transversal y tipo comparativo no experimental, utilizando el instrumento Escala de Resiliencia de Wagnild y Young (1993), validado y estandarizado por Gómez (2019). Los resultados evidencian una diferencia de medias superior para el grupo de deportistas de rendimiento en comparación con los no deportistas, sin embargo, dicha diferencia no fue estadísticamente significativa (t (18) = 1.38; p = .092) concluyendo que el deporte de alto rendimiento es uno de muchos factores que favorecen la resiliencia en personas con discapacidad física.
La carrera atlética se entiende como la transición desde el desarrollo hasta el final de la carrera deportiva. Con el objetivo de investigar la vida competitiva de los deportistas de fútbol sala en ...su carrera deportiva, se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa y un diseño metodológico, exploratorio y retrospectivo. Participaron 217 ex deportistas masculinos de fútbol sala, con una edad media de 39,1 años (± 9,0 años). Se utilizó un cuestionario sobre la transición de la carrera deportiva a la jubilación. Jugar en la calle fue señalado como el mayor punto de origen de la carrera, y el inicio del entrenamiento ocurre en promedio a los 9,41 años (± 3,8 años), la primera remuneración como deportista a los 17,1 años (± 2,5 años), y el final de su carrera a los 33,6 años (± 6,4 años), y el distanciamiento de la familia es lo que más les afectó. Se entiende que la carrera deportiva centrada en el fútbol sala comienza y termina tempranamente, antes de que el individuo cumpla siquiera el 50% de su esperanza de vida estimada.
La présence des athlètes trans dans les sports, bien qu'elle soit l'objet de vives controverses, demeure négligée dans le domaine des études de genre, du sport et des médias. Au croisement de ces ...disciplines, l'article est basé sur une analyse sociodiscursive de 86 articles publiés dans la presse française entre 1977 et 2020. À la lumière des théories trans, les auteurs montrent que les athlètes trans font l'objet d'une représentation cis-sensationnaliste reposant sur quatre mécanismes : 1) le mythe de la première personne trans; 2) la mise en scène de la transition; 3) la banalisation de l'exclusion; 4) l'occultation des conditions de vie. Une des conséquences de ce traitement médiatique pour les athlètes trans est la contrainte à justifier leur existence, leur transition et leur place dans le sport. Selon les auteurs, il est primordial de prendre en considération le rôle de la presse dans la reconduction de l'oppression cisgenriste envers les sportif * ves trans.
IntroductionAs part of a screening programme we performed cardiac Echocardiography on an elite hurling team twice during the last four years and as new players emerged. We used conventional echo ...parameters plus deformation imaging to assess the athletic heart. We know from previous studies that left ventricular stiffness and compliance is reduced in elite athletes. The aim therefore was to assess the retrograde effect of this on left atrial adaption in competitive athletes compared to controls.Methods20 competitive athletes and 20 age and sex-matched sedentary subjects were analysed using conventional Echocardiography and deformation imaging. LA stiffness was determined by measuring peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) and peak atrial contraction strain (PACS). Left ventricular (LV) stiffness was also calculated in both groups.ResultsLA volume index was greater in athletes as compared with controls (22.6 ± 5.3 vs. 18.6 ± 6.5 mL/m, p < 0.001). LA, PALS and LA PACS were lower in athletes in comparison with controls (p < 0.05, p ≤ 0.001, respectively). The Myocardial stiffness index calculated by E/Ea/ LVEDD was lower in athletes then controls. P< 0.016).ConclusionsCompetitive athletes showed a small increase in LA volume and lower LA stiffness compared with controls. Thus, LA enlargement in the setting of the athlete's heart is not associated with increased LA stiffness. These findings further support the premise that reduced LA stiffness and increased LA volume index is associated with reduced left ventricular myocardial compliance.
After transcribing the interviews and analyzing the information, it appears that the relational relationship between athlete and entrepreneur is, to a large extent, marked by a history of power ...imbalance. In case of suspicion, in situations of danger in the holders of some frequency range, in most cases, the entrepreneur has a strong influence and should be considered in this environment, especially when the athletes are unemployed. Essa influencia mútua indica um desequilibrio de força entre os participantes do jogo social, haja vista que tais relaçöes pressupöem certa quantidade de poder para os inseridos nessa disputa metafórica (TALAMONI; OLIVEIRA & HUNGER, 2013). Por empresários do futebol, também conhecidos como "agentes FIFA", estamos chamando aqueles sujeitos autorizados pela Federation Internationale de Football Association a negociar jogadores, sendo considerados no mercado do futebol como "... ativos intangíveis de alto valor, pois sao estes 'insumos' que fazem o espetáculo" (LEONCINI, 2001, p. 49).
Genetic variation is known to account for a large portion of the variation in muscle mass and strength/power in humans. However, few polymorphisms have been conclusively linked with these phenotypes. ...The myostatin signalling pathway is a source of potential candidates due to its involvement in muscle growth. Variation in myostatin itself has been shown to relate to muscle mass in humans; however, myostatin variation is rare in humans. Other studies have related variation in ACVR1B, a component of the myostatin signalling pathway, to strength/power phenotypes or to athlete status. However, this work still needs replication in large well phenotyped cohorts containing elite athletes. This study aims to replicate previous studies on the relationship between variation in the ACVR1B (rs2854464) G/A polymorphism and strength/power related phenotypes in well phenotyped Lithuanian athletes and controls.Participants DNA samples were from the GELAK cohort. This is comprised of 407 Lithuanians: 84 endurance athletes (END), 126 sprint-strength-power (SSP) and 197 controls (CON). Phenotypes related to stature (height, body mass, BMI), strength (isokinetic peak torque in left and right legs at 30 degrees per second), power (Wingate) and speed (30 m sprint). Genotypes were determined using bespoke RFLPs. Genotype distributions were compared by Chi squared. Odds ratios are reported as mean (lower to upper 95% confidence limits). Associations were established using GLM-ANOVA in Minitab. All GLM analyses were corrected for athlete group and age in months.The control sample was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Allele frequencies were similar to those reported in 1000 Genomes database. ACVR1B rs2854464 genotype distributions differed between SSP v END (p = 0.015) groups only. AA homozygotes were 2.16 (1.22 to 3.81) times more likely to be END than SSP (p = 0.007). After correction for age and athlete group, ACVR1B rs2854464 variation associated with body mass (p = 0.042, V = 1.36%), BMI (p = 0.016, V = 1.76%) and Wingate total anaerobic work (p = 0.021, V = 1.72%) but not with height, isokinetic peak torque, Wingate peak power or 30 m sprint speed. In all significant relationships, AA homozygotes were significantly weaker than GA heterozygotes.Variation in ACVR1B rs2854464 differs between endurance and strength athletes. It also relates to body mass and quantitative measurements of muscle function. However, in contrast to previous work, carriers of the A-allele are less likely to be strength/power athletes and even after correction for age and athlete group, carriers of the A-allele are still likely to have lower body mass and have lower capacity for anaerobic work.ReferencesWindelinckx, et al. (2011) Comprehensive fine mapping of chr12q12-14 and follow-up replication identify activin receptor 1B (ACVR1B) as a muscle strength gene. Eur J Hum Gen 19:208–215.Voisin, et al. (2016) ACVR1B rs2854464 Is Associated with Sprint/Power Athletic Status in a Large Cohort of Europeans but Not Brazilians. PLoS One 11(6):e0156316.
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