It is essential to assess the feeding strategies of threatened species during resource-scarce seasons to understand their dietary niche breadth and inform appropriate habitat management measures. In ...this study, we examined the diet composition of four-horned antelope (FHA)
and
, one of the least studied ungulate species, in Banke National Park, Nepal. A total of 53 fresh pellet groups were collected between December 2015 and January 2016 and analyzed using micro-histological fecal analysis technique. First, we prepared 133 micro-histological photographs of different parts of 64 reference plant species. Then we compared 1,590 fragments of 53 fecal samples with photographs of reference plants to assess the percentage of occurrence of different plant species in FHA diet. A total of 30 plant species belonging to 18 different families were identified in fecal samples. Chi-square goodness of fit tests showed that FHA appeared not to feed all plant uniformly. Out of 1,520 identified fragments in fecal samples, 1,300 were browse species and 220 were grass species. Browse represented 85.5% of the identified plant fragments, suggesting that FHA might be adopting a browser strategy at least during winter when grasses are low in abundance and their nutritive quality is poor. Tree species had the highest contribution in the diet (46.55%) followed by shrubs (24.52%). The family Gramineae was consumed in the highest proportion (27.68%) followed by Euphorbiaceae (11.95%). Overall, our results suggest that FHA has the feeding plasticity to adapt to resource fluctuation. Based on the findings of this study, we recommend that dicot plant species-particularly fruit trees and shrubs, which are the major source of nutrients for FHA during resource-lean, dry season-be conserved and natural regeneration of these taxa be promoted.
An insightful look at how to reform our broken financial systemThe financial crisis that unfolded in September 2008 transformed the United States and world economies. As each day's headlines brought ...stories of bank failures and rescues, government policies drawn and redrawn against the backdrop of an historic Presidential election, and solutions that seemed to be discarded almost as soon as they were proposed, a group of thirty-three academics at New York University Stern School of Business began tackling the hard questions behind the headlines. Representing fields of finance, economics, and accounting, these professors-led by Dean Thomas Cooley and Vice Dean Ingo Walter-shaped eighteen independent policy papers that proposed market-focused solutions to the problems within a common framework. In December, with great urgency, they sent hand-bound copies to Washington. Restoring Financial Stabilityis the culmination of their work.Proposes bold, yet principled approaches-including financial policy alternatives and specific courses of action-to deal with this unprecedented, systemic financial crisisCreated by the contributions of various academics from New York University's Stern School of BusinessProvides important perspectives on both the causes of the global financial crisis as well as proposed solutions to ensure it doesn't happen againContains detailed evaluations and analyses covering many spectrums of the marketplaceEdited by Matthew Richardson and Viral Acharya, this reliable resource brings together the best thinking of finance and economics from the faculty of one of the top universities in world.
U izvršenju spoljnotrgovinskih plaćanja postoje mogućnosti upotrebe širokog spektra instrumenata. Svaki od njih ima svoje specifičnosti na koje ćemo ukazati. Ubjedljivo najviše korišćeni instrument ...međunarodnih plaćanja je dokumentarni akreditiv. Pored akreditiva i „tradicionalniih“ instrumenata plaćanja - čeka i mjenice, u spoljnotrgovinskom poslu postoji i mogućnost plaćanja bankarskim doznakama, što se uglavnom koristi za avansna plaćanja (plaćanja unaprijed, pre prijema robe), što nosi određene rizike za kupca. Postoji i mogućnosti dokumentarne naplate - tzv. dokumentarni inkaso. Kod tog instrumenta je obnut red poteza od doznačavanja sredstava unaprijed. To nosi rizik za prodavca koji šalje robu unaprijred, a posebno šalje dokumenta na naplatu, a ona se naplate kada se kupac saglasi. Instrumenti platnog prometa su predmet ovog rada.
In carrying out foreign trade payments, there are possibilities of using a wide range of instruments.. Every sinlge instrument has its own specificities that we will consider in the paper. By far the most commonly used instrument of international payment is a documentary letter of credit. In addition to letters of credit and “traditional” payment instruments - waiting and bills in foreign trade transactions there is a possibility of payment bank transfer, which is mainly used for advance payments (payments in advance, before receipt of the goods), which carries certain risks for the buyer. There is also the possibility of documentary collection - the so-called documentary collection. When any instrument is the reverse order of strokes of remittances advance. This carries the risk that the seller sends the goods in advance, and in particular sends the document to the collection, and it is charging when the buyer agrees. Payment instruments are the subject of this paper.
Skrivaju li se banke u sjeni i u Hrvatskoj? Dumičić, Mirna; Ridzak, Tomislav
Privredna kretanja i ekonomska politika,
06/2019, Letnik:
27, Številka:
143
Journal Article, Paper
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Ciljevi su ovog rada objasniti pojam bankarstva u sjeni i razloge zbog kojih je iz perspektive financijske stabilnosti važno steći spoznaje o subjektima ili aktivnostima koji se mogu opisati na taj ...način. U tom kontekstu provedena je analiza domaćeg financijskog sustava i poslovnih praksi kako bi se ocijenila važnost banaka u sjeni u Hrvatskoj i identificirali mogući sistemski rizici iz tog izvora. Rezultati analize pokazuju da visina udjela nebankovnih financijskih institucija te ročna struktura njihovih obveza i potraživanja u ovom trenutku nisu rizik koji bi mogao ugroziti financijsku stabilnost, dok se meðu najrizičnijim institucijama izdvajaju "ostali financijski posrednici" koji uključuju faktoring društva i društva za lizing.
Central banks are powerful but poorly understood organisations. In 1900 the Bank of Japan was the only central bank to exist outside Europe but over the past century central banking has proliferated. ...John Singleton here explains how central banks and the profession of central banking have evolved and spread across the globe during this period. He shows that the central banking world has experienced two revolutions in thinking and practice, the first after the depression of the early 1930s, and the second in response to the high inflation of the 1970s and 1980s. In addition, the central banking profession has changed radically. In 1900 the professional central banker was a specialised type of banker, whereas today he or she must also be a sophisticated economist and a public official. Understanding these changes is essential to explaining the role of central banks during the recent global financial crisis.
U radu se tretira problematika u vezi sa tržištem investicionih hartija od vrednosti, a u funkciji uloge banaka u tom procesu. Naglasak se stavlja na iskustva razvijenih zemalja, a posebno SAD. ...Poslednjih godina, banke i druge deponentne institucije pokazuju tendenciju da prihvate veći rizik i složenije investicije u svom portfelju. Pojavili su se novi instrumenti čija je svrha više od jednostavnog obezbeđivanja likvidnosti i prihoda, a, posebno, u slučajevima slabe potražnje zajmova. Banke i druge institucije-zajmodavci bave se zamenom portfelja svojih investicionih hartija od vrednosti imajući u vidu kako poreze tako i veće prihode.
This paper describes the issues related to the investment securities market, and the function of the role of banks in the process. Here, the emphasis is on the experiences of developed countries, especially the U.S.A. In recent years, banks and other deponent institutions have had a tendency to accept higher risks and more complex investments in their portfolio. There have appeared new instruments whose purpose is more than just provision of liquidity and income, especially, in cases of poorloan demand. An instrument for swap of the bank portfolio and other institutions- lenders mostly practice replacing the portfolios of their investment securities,bearing in mind tax,as well as higher revenues
Introduction: Pregnancy and childbirth is considered as a physiological process and it is associated with certain risks to the life of mother and newborn baby. Birth-preparedness and complication ...readiness is a comprehensive strategy to improve maternal and newborn health. This study was done to observe impact of educational status and Parity of mother-in-laws on awareness and practices regarding birth preparedness and complication readiness.
Methods: The study was conducted in Banke district. The duration of study was from August 2011 to August 2012. Descriptive cross-sectional study was followed. One hundred mothers-in-law were selected through simple random procedure. Semi-structure interview schedule was used to collect information.
Results: The mean age of mothers-in-law was 52.33 (SD=8.96) years. Majority (82.0%) mothers-in-law were illiterate with lack of awareness and practice about birth preparedness and complication readiness.
Conclusion: Inadequate practices on birth preparedness and complication readiness were prevalent in illiterate mothers-in-laws.
Cilj ovog istraživanja je proširiti
dosadašnje spoznaje o međuovisnosti funkcioniranja financijskog i realnog sektora
u hrvatskoj ekonomiji. U tu se svrhu istražuje dinamika promjena financijskog
...položaja i financijskih rezultata njihovih ključnih sastavnica, tj. poduzeća i
banaka. U usporedbi s ranijim istraživanjima prošireni su aspekti analiziranja
i vremenski horizont analize, detaljnije se razmatra recesijsko razdoblje
hrvatskog gospodarstva, a redefiniran je i obuhvat financijskih pokazatelja.
Usporedbe se provode na temelju omjera, indeksa rasta i odnosa osnovnih stavki
u okviru linearnih regresijskih modela te odabranih sektorskih financijskih
pokazatelja. Utvrđene su razlike u kretanju dijela kategorija uspješnosti i
financijskog položaja poduzeća i banaka u recesijskom razdoblju i prikazano
kako se pogoršava kvaliteta plasmana i s određenim pomakom profitabilnost
banaka u uvjetima pogoršanja pokazatelja likvidnosti i solventnosti poduzeća.
Nalazi istraživanja mogu pridonijeti boljem razumijevanju međuovisnosti
kretanja financijske i realne sfere ekonomije te spoznavanju potrebe da se, uz
makroekonomske indikatore, za pravovremeno prepoznavanje i otklanjanje
međusektorskih nesrazmjera, trebaju više koristiti komparativna sektorska
analiza agregiranih podataka i pokazatelja iz financijskih izvještaja.
The purpose of this research is to expand the present understanding of the interdependence between the functioning of the financial sector and the real sector in the Croatian economy. To that effect, the dynamics of
changes in the financial position and the financial performance of their key components, i.e. companies and banks, are explored. Compared with previous research, the aspects and the time horizon of the analysis
are broadened, the recession period of the Croatian economy is considered more closely and the scope of financial indicators is redefined. Comparisons are made on the basis of the growth ratio index, as well as the relationship between the basic components of the linear regression model and the selected sectoral financial indicators. Differences were found in the movement of a part of the performance and financial position categories of enterprises and banks during the period
of recession and it was shown that the quality of placement and, to a certain degree, the banks’ profitability have been deteriorating in conditions of deterioration of liquidity and solvency indicators of the company. The findings of this research may contribute to a better understanding of the interdependence of the financial and real sector of
the economy and the recognition of the need for the greater use of comparative sectoral analysis of aggregated data and indicators from financial statements, along with macroeconomic indicators, for a timely recognition and elimination of cross-sectoral disparities.
Largely due to environmental concerns, approaches to architecture are becoming increasingly crossdisciplinary. With this comes a need for ever more integrated digital simulation tools. Brady Peters – ...Assistant Professor at the University of Toronto and a Director of Smartgeometry, an organisation that promotes computation in architecture – discusses what these tools can achieve, and highlights two companies that are pioneering their use and development: Danish architecture firm BIG, and international engineers BuroHappold. They set out to visualise not only ‘hard metrics’ such as energy consumption, but also ‘soft metrics’ like wellbeing and productivity.
Učinci i sfere utjecaja financijske krize danas su važan interes mnogih znanstvenika, posebno u kontekstu da su posljedice krize i nedostatak adekvatnih rješenja i dalje aktualni. Financijskoj krizi ...je prethodio rast plasmana financijskih institucija iznad dosadašnjih razina u uvjetima kada pojedine ekonomije nisu imale dovoljnu razinu razvoja te je gospodarski rast bio financiran porastom zaduženja. Kriza se u najvećoj mjeri odrazila na likvidnost financijskog sustava i na stagnaciju ekonomske aktivnosti realnog sektora. Moguće mjere pomoći se razlikuju između pojedinih ekonomija i njihov učinak tek treba utvrditi. Članak prikazuje poveznice financijske krize s bankovnim sustavom, općom likvidnošću i realnom ekonomijom uz pregled novijih i relevantnih teorijskih i empirijskih istraživanja te relevantnih podataka.
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