Bokashi is compost produced through fermentation with the addition of (EM-4), which is an activator to speed up the compost making process. Many research results show that bokashi has better quality ...compared to simple composting techniques. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of rice husk ash bokashi fertilizer on the growth and yield of soybean plants and to obtain the best dose of rice husk ash bokashi fertilizer in increasing the growth and yield of soybean plants. The research method used a randomized block design, there were 4 replications and 6 treatments (B0 = 0 g/polybag, B1 = 100 g/polybag, B2 = 200 g/polybag, B3 = 300 g/polybag, B4 = 400 g/polybag and B5 = 500 g/polybag). The results of the diversity analysis showed that the treatment of bokashi fertilizer with rice husk ash had a very significant effect on plant height and plant dry weight, a significant effect on the number of pods and weight of 100 seeds per plot, and no significant effect on the number of branches. Providing rice husk ash bokashi fertilizer with treatment B4 = 400 g/polybag produces the best growth and production results of soybean plants when compared with other treatments, where the highest plant height is an average of 75.5 cm, the average number of pods contained in the plant is 68. 25 pods, the average weight of 100 seeds per plot is 14.37 grams and the average dry weight of the plant is 1.53 grams.
Organical material such as animal dung, husk ash, bran, and sawdust is often used in bocation production. In this study, the paper waste of printing company at Syiah Kuala University was enriched in ...the raw material of bocation production. This study was aimed to determine the proportion of paper waste that can be added and the duration of fermentation process in order to produce a good bocation. The method used was a factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which consisting of 2 factors. The first factor was the proportion of paper waste (K) with 4 levels: K1 = 15%, K2 = 25%, K3 = 35%, and K4 = 45%. The second factor was the fermentation duration (L) with 3 levels: L1 = 0 day, L2 = 10 days, and L3 = 15 days. Each treatment was repeated twice so that there were 24 experimental units. The analysis included: water content, total microorganisms, temperature, pH, C element, N element, C/N ratio, organoleptic (texture, aroma, color) and plant growth test. The result showed that additional paper waste with a proportion of up to 35% generally has a positive effect on the quality of the location in terms of water content, pH, nitrogen, texture, aroma, color, and plant growth. The longer the fermentation took place (up to 15 days) the better was the quality of the bocation produced, especially regarding C element, N element, C/N ratio, texture, aroma, color and plant growth. There were 3 interactions with the best plant height namely K3L3 (112.5cm), K3L2 (104 cm) and K2L3 (104 cm). The K3L3 bocation (35% paper waste proportion, 15 days fermentation) was better than the other two interactions in term of highest water content, N, and color value, and the lowest C/N ratio.
The local shallot variety of ‘Lembah Palu’ (Allium cepa L. var. Aggregatum) is a typical fried shallot plant in Palu City, Indonesia, and is a cooking spice or flavoring for various foods. The main ...objective of this research was to increase the productivity of the Palu local shallot of ‘Lembah Palu’ grown on liquefaction soils. This research was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020, in Kaleke Village, West Dolo Subdistrict, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. This research used a Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) consisted of M0 (Control), M1 (10 g/polybag), M2 (15 g/polybag), and M3 (20 g/polybag). The second factor of bokashi fertilizer consisted of B0 (Control), B1 (312.5 g/polybag), and B2 (375 g/polybag). Each experimental unit consisted of 3 polybags and was grouped into 3 groups so that the total experimental unit was 108 plants or polybags. The results showed that the application of mycorrhiza 20 g/polybag and bokashi 375 g/polybag was able to produce the optimal number of tubers, the wet and dry weight of shallot tubers. Likewise, for the growth of Palu local shallot plants, the higher dose of mycorrhiza and bokashi resulted in better plant growth, i.e., plant height, number of leaves, and number of tillers.
Subsoil soil which is at a depth of more than 30 cm below the topsoil is a marginal soil for agricultural cultivation but has great potential for utilization. Improvement of subsoil soil with the use ...of organic fertilizers alone has been widely carried out. However, the use of moringa leaf bokashi fertilizer is thought to be able to improve the subsoil physically and chemically. The aim of the research was to find out the composition of the best moringa leaf bokashi fertilizer and the right dosage for the growth of moringa. Research using Completely Randomized Design. The first factor was the composition of moringa leaf bokashi, biochar and cow manure (K), namely K1 ratio of moringa leaves: biochar: cow manure (1:1:1); K2: (2:1:1); K3 (3:1:1). The second factor is the dose of moringa leaf bokashi fertilizer. Bo: control 5; B1:10; B2: 20; B3: 30; B4: 40 tons per hectare. The results showed that the K1 composition showed the highest plant height, number of primary roots, and canopy wet weight. A dose of 10 tons per hectare (B1) showed the best growth of Moringa seedlings with the highest dry weight of canopy. Keywords: Bokashi, Composition, Dosage, Moringa leaves, Moringa seedling
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•The impact of fresh manure, compost and bokashi on agricultural soil was studied.•The application of fresh manure led to higher soil microbial biomass and activity.•The application ...of fresh chicken manure increased the abundance of ARGs.•The application of fresh chicken manure increased the abundance of the intI1 gene.•Two MGE genes (tnpA, intI1) were positively correlated with all ARGs.
Livestock manure-derived amendments can be beneficial for agricultural soil quality, as they can increase the content of soil organic matter and nutrients, stimulate microbial activity and biomass, and enhance crop yield. Here, we studied the impact of six different manure-derived amendments, according to the origin (horse manure-derived vs. chicken manure-derived) and type of amendment (fresh vs. composted vs. bokashi), on agricultural soil quality. To this purpose, an experiment was conducted with lettuce plants, paying special attention to amendment-induced changes in soil microbial properties and the abundance and risk of dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) through horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Soils amended with fresh manure showed higher values of microbial biomass and activity. In particular, fresh chicken manure yielded the highest crop yield of lettuce, but also increased the abundance of ARGs considerably. Genes encoding mobile genetic elements (tnpA, intI1) were positively correlated with ARGs, suggesting a risk of dissemination of antibiotic resistance via HGT in agricultural soils, as a result of the application of livestock manure-derived amendments. In order to minimize this risk, we therefore suggest that manure-derived amendments be properly treated and managed prior to their application to agricultural soil.
MOL is a local microorganism or natural decomposer that is used as a starter culture in production of organic fertilizers which is known as bokashi. The advantage of using MOL is that it can be made ...from cheap materials or by utilizing agricultural waste so that it can increase the added value of waste as well as reduce the environmental pollution. The use of MOL as a biodecomposer in production of bokashi can accelerate the fermentation process. This study aimed to produce MOL where the characteristic is similar with commercial Effective Microorganism (EM4). This study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors. First factor was the types of banana (J) consisted of three levels, namely awak banana (Musa paradisiacal var. Awak; J1), barangan banana (Musa acuminate Colla; J2), and kepok banana (Musa acuminata balbisiana Colla; J3). Second factor was the storage times consisted of three levels, namely 0 weeks after fermentation (L1), 2 weeks after fermentation (L2), and 4 weeks after fermentation (L3). The analysis carried out after fermentation included total cell counts (TCC), pH value, temperature, and organoleptic test in the form of hedonic test for color and description test for aroma. The best sample was determined based on the highest TCC, the lowest pH value and aroma using a ranking test. The best treatment was obtained from J1L2 treatment (awak banana and 2 weeks after fermentation) with 1.8 × 109 CFU/ml of TCC, 3.17 of pH and medium tapai aroma.
The emission of nitrous oxide is considerable in livestock systems, influenced by nitrogen fertilization and edaphoclimatic conditions. The aim of the research was to measure the flux of nitrous ...oxide (N2O) from the soil under Urochloa brizantha with nitrogen fertilization. In the pastures, a randomized complete block design was established with four replicates and three treatments, consisting of 2 m2 plots with U. brizantha fertilized with urea, bokashi and without fertilizer application. The gas samples were collected over three months between the rainy and dry seasons using the static closed chamber methodology. The samples related to the soil and plants were taken at a depth of 15 cm under undisturbed conditions every month, to quantify: gravimetric moisture, ammonium, nitrate, total carbon, total nitrogen, carbon/nitrogen ratio, and plant dry matter (DM). The ANAVA registered a significant difference between treatments for N2O, with the application of urea promoting higher accumulated flows (0.37 mg N2O m-2 h-1), followed by bokashi (0.34 mg N2O m-2 h-1) and lastly by the control (0.27 mg N2O m-2 h-1). The daily emission of the gas fluctuated in the rainy season, when soil moisture promoted higher emission peaks compared to the dry season. The fractions of nitrogen, carbon and DM were not affected by the treatments. The use of urea and the anaerobic conditions of soil due to the rains generated higher N2O values, while the organic amendment, bokashi, was the best alternative for the greenhouse gas mitigation and soil conservation.
Biochar, a carbon-rich, fine-grained residue obtained from pyrolysis of biomass, is known to improve soil conditions and to suppress infection by soilborne pathogens. However, its use as a soil ...amendment has received relatively little attention by the horticulture industry. Two 12-week experiments were conducted in a greenhouse to determine the potential of using biochar, produced from mixed conifers during conversion of wood to energy, as a soil amendment for highbush blueberry ( Vaccinium hybrid ‘Legacy’). Plants in the first experiment were fertilized once a week with a complete fertilizer solution, whereas those the in the second experiment were fertilized once a month with a solution of ammonium sulfate. In both cases, the plants received the same amount of N in total and were grown in pots filled with unamended soil (sandy loam) or soil amended at rates of 10% or 20%, by volume, with biochar or a 4:1 mix of biochar and bokashi (biochar-bokashi). The bokashi was produced from fermented rice ( Oryza sativa L.) bran and was added to increase nutrients in the amendment. Half of the plants in each soil treatment were inoculated with Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands, which causes root rot in blueberry. Although pH of the raw biochar was high (8.5), soil pH averaged 4.5 to 5.5 in each treatment. In the absence of P. cinnamomi , plants grown with 20% biochar or 10% or 20% biochar-bokashi had greater leaf area and 30% to 70% more total dry weight than those grown with 10% biochar or in unamended soil. Biochar also improved soil aggregation and increased root colonization by ericoid mycorrhizal fungi. The percentage of roots colonized by mycorrhizal fungi was 54% to 94% in plants grown with the amendments, but was ≤10% in those grown in unamended soil. Plants inoculated with P. cinnamomi were stunted and showed typical symptoms of root rot. Root infection by the pathogen was unaffected by biochar or biochar-bokashi and negated any growth benefits of the amendments. Overall, amending soil with biochar appears to be a promising means of promoting plant growth and mycorrhizal colonization in blueberry, but it may not suppress phytophthora root rot.
Urban farming is a current trend because of the many benefits it can obtain economically, healthily, ecologically, and socially. Limited urban land, especially residential environments, requires ...practical and economical cultivation techniques, including a hydroponic system. Hence, the objective of this paper was to apply Bokashi organic and nitrogen-phosphorous-potassium (NPK) inorganic fertilizer to the growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in a hydroponic system at a greenhouse in Madiun, Indonesia using standard methods from December 2023 to January 2024. The study showed that using organic bokashi fertilizer with NPK inorganic fertilizer gave good results, which is no different from AB-Mix instant nutrition regarding growth and the harvested product. Organic fertilizer without additional NPK provides less than optimal growth due to a lack of macronutrients. Further, more applied research is needed to obtain a farmer-friendly hydroponic technology package that is truly applicable, easy, and cheap so that it can strengthen urban farming programs in many metropolitan areas in Indonesia.
The low production of soybeans in the West Pasaman district is due to severeal factors, including the lack of community knowledge in soybean farming which results in less productive yields obtained ...by farmer and the high use of inorganic fertilizers continuously resulting in less productive soil. This study was experimental research using a completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments given were 6 treatments and 5 replications, the treatments used were 15 gram TSP (A treatment) as control treatments, 300 gram bokashi (B treatment), 400 gram bokashi (C treatment), 500 gram bokashi (D treatment), 600 gram bokashi (E treatment), 700 gram bokashi (F treatment). The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance and then continued by LSD test at α level of 5%. Observed parameters were the number of planting seeds and weight of 50 seeds per plant. The results of this study indicated that bokashi fertilizer had no significant effect on the number of seeds but it had significant effect on the weight of 50 seeds and the best result was found in B treatment (300 gram bokashi/polybag). This research had environmental conditions with temperatures of 30 – 340 C, environmental humidity of 63 – 80%, wind speeds of 0,2 to 2,8 m/s, and soil pH of 5,4 to 7,0.
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