The increasing complexity of infrastructures and densely built-up areas requires a proper registration of the legal status (private and public), which can only be provided to a limited extent by the ...existing 2D cadastral registrations. The registration of the legal status in complex 3D situations is investigated under the header of 3D Cadastres. This publication, containing 13 selected contributions on 3D Cadastre, addresses the following areas: 1. 3D Cadastre operational experiences (analysis, LADM based, learning from each other, discovering gaps), 2. 3D Cadastre cost-effective workflow for new/updated 3D parcels = 4D (part of whole chain: From planning/design/permit in 3D, to registration/use in 3D), 3. 3D Cadastre web-based dissemination (usability, man–machine interfaces, including mobile/AR), 4. legal aspects for 3D Cadastre, best legal practices in various legislation systems, focus on large cities, including developing countries, 5. 3D data management, and 6. visualization, distribution, and delivery of 3D parcels.
Keeping the cadastre up to date is as important as establishing it for securely conducting people-to-land relations. As a concept, cadastral renewal refers to digitising the cadastral plan and ...correcting errors because of cadastre in the legal land registry information, updating them in a format and structure to create infrastructure for spatial information systems, making them available for use. Before 1987, cadastral work was conducted following various production methods and laws of the period. As a result of rapid urbanisation, the transformation of rural areas into urban areas, and the increase in the value of parcels, the delay in land-related investment projects because cadastral data and technical documents do not meet the expectations of accuracy and completeness, has been discussed for a long time in the country. Cadastral renewal projects carried out in places of urgent need because of technical and legal problems have become state policies with the Land Registry and Cadastre Modernization Project (TKMP), initiated in 2007 using the resources provided by the World Bank. In this project, it was determined that 22.3 million of the existing 58.3 million cadastral parcels in Türkiye should be renewed. As of 2021, approximately 14 million parcels have been renewed by the participation of the private sector while the renewal of the rest has been ongoing. This study examined the adequacy of the existing land registry and cadastre data within the scope of rural cadastral renewal. In this framework, the cadastral technical file, land book, and land registry information in the Land Registry and Cadastre Information System (TAKBIS) were compared within the classification framework, and their differences were determined. In addition, the parcel areas calculated by initial cadastral surveys years ago to establish the cadastre were compared with the legal areas and new areas of the parcels calculated after the renewal. It was found that 90.37% of the parcel areas calculated based on the initial surveys were consistent with those calculated after the renewal, whereas 67.47% were consistent with the legal areas within the tolerance values. According to these results, supported by other findings, cost-effective and rapid cadastre renewal has been proposed.
•Since the cadastre is a dynamic public service, cadastral renewal is as important as the cadastral establishment.•Renewal of 14 million of 23 million rural parcels whose cadastre was decided to be renewed has been completed.•It was found that 90.37% of the parcel areas calculated from the initial surveys were consistent with the renewal results.•The ground – cadastral plan incompatibility and the inconsistencies in the land book information were resolved together.
The formation and alteration of real property and rights, restrictions and responsibilities are important parts of land administration. Research on the distribution of publications in the ...three-dimensional (3D) cadastral domain has been in focus as a specialised part of real property research during the last decades. A number of literature surveys on research trends in the domain show a growing number of publications during the last decades. The number of publications have increased considerably within a range of topics, classified into legal, technical, registration and organisational categories of 3D property. The purpose of the research presented here is to contribute to these analyses of the number and thematic distribution of the 3D cadastral domain literature by analysing three aspects: 1) To add to the recent study by including 3D cadastre publications published during 2021 (Paasch and Paulsson, 2021a, 2021b); 2) To briefly analyse the classification of 3D cadastre research in technical programmes and proceedings of major conferences focussing, in total or in part, on 3D cadastre. 3) The results are used to contribute to the discussion regarding if the 3D cadastral domain is too diverse today to talk about a single 3D cadastral domain. An input to the discussion of what constitutes a domain is provided from an analysis of another land administration research topic that is often addressed in relation to 3D real property research; the international standard for land administration, the Land Administration Domain Model, LADM, ISO 19152.
•Literature survey of 3D cadastre publications 2012–2021.•3D cadastre research is expanding into new territories.•Is it realistic still to talk about the 3D cadastral domain?
Ao longo do tempo, as relações entre pessoas e terra, função primordial do cadastro, passaram a exigir novas demandas, fazendo com que os países estruturassem sistemas de administração territorial de ...cunho não somente técnico-organizacional, mas também voltados para atender a outras necessidades da sociedade, como a redução da desigualdade social e o monitoramento ambiental. A teoria da moderna administração territorial tem tido a sua importância reconhecida, do ponto de vista do desenvolvimento sócio-econômico-ambiental, porém a sua natureza científica ainda é discutida. Envolvendo aspectos sociais (história, cultura, economia, meio-ambiente) e de sistemas de informação e tecnologia, as pesquisas sobre os temas exigem a compreensão de conceitos que precisam ser consolidados e bem compreendidos. Nesse sentido, esse trabalho teve como objetivo expor e discutir os conceitos essenciais que precisam ser considerados para o desenvolvimento de projetos de pesquisa nessa área. Também apresenta os questionamentos de pesquisadores sobre o caráter científico da administração territorial, com base nos indicadores utilizados na determinação das áreas de conhecimento científico. Além disso, os resultados de pesquisas sobre metodologias aplicadas em projetos de pesquisa em cadastro e administração territorial, bem como as tendências identificadas nas pesquisas atuais são importantes para a elaboração de futuros projetos. Por fim, com base nesses estudos, foi realizado um levantamento das pesquisas realizadas no Brasil, para apresentação de um panorama geral do que tem sido objeto de produção científica nessa área. Espera-se, assim, que esse trabalho traga contribuições para pesquisas futuras na área da administração territorial.
Context and background Artisanal mining has long been integral part of livelihood structure and economic systems of certain rural communities. Artisanal mining operates informally in developing ...countries coupled with social, environmental, and economic challenges. Formalization of artisanal mining is being adopted in many countries in order to tackle the challenges of artisanal mining. Formalization entails enactment of legislations for recognition of artisanal mining, creation of mining rights cadastre and granting of mining titles. Formalization of artisanal mining has been embraced in East African community countries of Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania. These countries are enacting laws and developing mining and minerals cadastral systems. However, access to seasonal resources like the sub-surface artisanal mining rights are regulated by customary tenure arrangements. Moreover, the artisanal miners are sometimes migrants, the rights are seasonal and the mining area boundaries not easily identifiable. This paper examines how legislations in East African Community countries provide for the formalization of artisanal mining operations. Goal and Objectives: The objective of this article is to compare artisanal mining formalization in the East African Community countries through legislations and development of the mining cadastre. The article compares how different countries specify entities of artisanal mining rights for the inclusion in the mining cadastral system. Methodology: The methodological approach adopted for this article was comparative review of legislations, theoretical and empirical literature from the six East African Community countries. Results: Four countries; Burundi, Kenya, South Sudan and Uganda directly legislate artisanal mining and grant artisanal mining titles. Artisanal mining titles are reserved for citizens and are transferable. Only South Sudan specify artisanal mining cadastral unit. Therefore identification of cadastral unit remains a puzzle in artisanal mining registration. However, all the mining legislations do not provide for initial adjudication of artisanal mining rights for registration.
Context and background Artisanal mining has long been integral part of livelihood structure and economic systems of certain rural communities. Artisanal mining operates informally in developing ...countries coupled with social, environmental, and economic challenges. Formalization of artisanal mining is being adopted in many countries in order to tackle the challenges of artisanal mining. Formalization entails enactment of legislations for recognition of artisanal mining, creation of mining rights cadastre and granting of mining titles. Formalization of artisanal mining has been embraced in East African community countries of Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania. These countries are enacting laws and developing mining and minerals cadastral systems. However, access to seasonal resources like the sub-surface artisanal mining rights are regulated by customary tenure arrangements. Moreover, the artisanal miners are sometimes migrants, the rights are seasonal and the mining area boundaries not easily identifiable. This paper examines how legislations in East African Community countries provide for the formalization of artisanal mining operations. Goal and Objectives: The objective of this article is to compare artisanal mining formalization in the East African Community countries through legislations and development of the mining cadastre. The article compares how different countries specify entities of artisanal mining rights for the inclusion in the mining cadastral system. Methodology: The methodological approach adopted for this article was comparative review of legislations, theoretical and empirical literature from the six East African Community countries. Results: Four countries; Burundi, Kenya, South Sudan and Uganda directly legislate artisanal mining and grant artisanal mining titles. Artisanal mining titles are reserved for citizens and are transferable. Only South Sudan specify artisanal mining cadastral unit. Therefore identification of cadastral unit remains a puzzle in artisanal mining registration. However, all the mining legislations do not provide for initial adjudication of artisanal mining rights for registration.
3D cadastre as a modern approach to the development of the cadastral information system brings many advantages and solves the difficulties that the current cadastral system faces when it comes to ...registration and visualization of complex 3D situations. Accordingly, transitioning to a 3D cadastral system requires significantly more resources because it is necessary to collect, process, store, maintain, and distribute data in three dimensions. To open a more accessible path to implementing a 3D cadastre, a hybrid model is one of the proposed approaches. This implies that current 2D cadastral data are used as much as possible, and that in locations where it is not possible to unambiguously present properties and boundaries, a 3D approach is used. In this paper, the basic criteria defining when a 3D approach is necessary within the hybrid model are discussed and presented. A basic assessment of the relationship between 2D and 3D approaches is provided within a case study.
In the last few years, the Spanish Land Cover and Land Use Information System (SIOSE) is undergoing a methodological and productive evolution focused on achieving a high level of geometric, thematic, ...and temporal detail. This methodological advance is based on the reuse and integration of official reference information on land cover and land use, such as cadastre (1:500-1:5000), agricultural identification systems (1:5000), forest maps (1:25,000), or LiDAR data (0.5 p/m
2
). This article presents the work carried out by the Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spanish National Geographic Institute), in coordination with the rest of the project partners, in the generation of a high-resolution SIOSE by automatic data integration and visual review. To carry out the latter, an online framework has been designed to facilitate the access to data and to guide reviewers in editing. Resulting integrated data offers a detailed description for all thematic domains on land cover and land use never seen before in Spain at the National level and advances in the land management on many application fields. High-resolution SIOSE provides information at 1:5000 for the majority of classes and ensures a complete thematic content with more than 140 classes structured in an object-oriented information system.
Agricultural management guarantees food security and economic development in various countries by applying new technologies to improve management practices. This study aims to identify the geomatic ...tools and their relationship with the agricultural activities used in cartography by reviewing scientific publications that contribute to improving agricultural management practices. The methodology consists of (i) a data source search strategy related to geomatics and agricultural management; (ii) data analysis; and (iii) a literary review of the contribution of geomatics in agricultural management. The results show that a large part of the studies orients to agricultural cartography and a smaller number to the use and cover of land (LULC) by agricultural activity, cadastre and precision agriculture. The studies focus on improving agricultural management practices to contribute to food security and combat the impacts of climate change (Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2, 12 and 13).
After the cessation of mining activities, concerns for mining cadastre research are only sporadic. The present study aims at bringing up to date the evolution of the mining cadastre in the Romanian ...provinces with a mining book regime, territories that were until 1918 within the structure of the former Habsburg Empire. (Austro-Hungary since 1867). Several stages can be distinguished in the evolution of the mining cadastre in the areas shown. From the 16
century until 1854 the principles and methods of the mining cadastre were set up. Between 1854 and 1924 the provisions of the Austrian General Mining Law of 1854 were followed. From 1924 to 1948, the mining cadastre provisions provided for in the mining law of 1924 and other specific regulations are applicable. After 1948, under the conditions of a statist regime, the mining record did not respect the principles of the mining cadastre previously assessed. After 1990, the new mining cadastre only partially takes over the classical principles and methods of the mining cadastre. The way of applying the mining cadastre was focused upon in the town of Borșa, a mountainous place where farmers had not formed cooperatives and where intensive mining was carried out until 2007. With the cessation of mining in Baia Borșa, the mining cadastre was reduced to inventories of some mining assets and sporadic cadastre registrations of some premises and settling ponds. The study analyzes the current situation and proposes some integrated solutions, mediated by GIS technology, aiming the introduction of the mining cadastre in correlation with the introduction of the general cadastre. In this context, GIS technology offers modeling tools that, for example, can assess the degree of suitability of the land for construction.
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