Domestic violence in Serbia Turanjanin, Veljko; Corovic, Emir; Cvorovic, Dragana
Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Nišu,
2017, Letnik:
56, Številka:
77
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Domestic violence is one of the most complex criminal issues, representing negation of the basic human rights and freedoms protected by a number of international documents and national legal ...regulations, starting with the right to life to the right to safety. The authors analyze this increasingly common form of violence (psychical, psychological, economic and sexual) as a social phenomenon that has its substantive criminal law aspect and criminal procedure aspect, neither of which eliminates the causes of its origin but only treats the consequences. Family violence primarily affects women. The authors have conducted a survey for the period of ten years of the Criminal Code application in order to examine the criminal offense of the domestic violence, procedure and perpetrators.
Domestic violence is a common and significant social problem that threatens public health, violates human rights, and poses significant obstacles to national development. This study aimed to evaluate ...both male and female academics' knowledge and views on domestic violence, and determine its incidence and risk factors among academics. Participants comprised 304 academics working at universities, who were selected by cluster sampling from seven regions of Turkey. Data were analyzed using thematic coding, descriptive statistics, and multivariate logistic regression. Of the 304 participants, 56.9 % were female academics. The incidence of domestic violence among the academics was 21.4 %, with 25.4 % of female and 16.0 % of male academics reporting having experienced it. Academics who were victims of domestic violence were mostly exposed to it from their spouses. Academics also reported experiencing emotional violence. Female academics were 2.3 times more likely to experience domestic violence than men. Academics who were exposed to violence in childhood experienced 14.1 times more domestic violence than those who were not. Although it seems that a high status in society as an academic reduces the rates of exposure to domestic violence, gender, and witnessing or experiencing violence in early childhood are the most important risk factors for this population. The lack of a solution for domestic violence can be attributed to non-deterrent punishments.
The article deals with the problem of domestic violence, which has its roots since ancient times and is quite common at the present time. The main types and forms of violence (physical, economic, ...sexual, psychological) are considered. In Russian society, women do not feel protected from the violence of spouses and other close relatives. In modern conditions, various forms of the use of force against women are common: domestic despotism, beatings, rape, sexual harassment. In many societies, family violence between a man and a woman is not perceived as a crime against society, but is a private matter of the family. It is believed that family members resort to physical violence in cases where they have no other opportunity to influence the family’s decision-making due to lack of authority. Psychological concepts have established a special role in the causes of violence of such factors as the weakening of instinctual control, frustration, aggressiveness, alcoholism, psychopathology. Sociological approaches focus on cultural norms that provoke violence, patriarchal social structure.
Cilj je rada prikazati značaj nasilnih smrti u Republici Hrvatskoj s osobitim osvrtom na smrtne
ishode kao posljedicu nasilja, te predočiti osnovne uzroke nasilja i prevenciju. Podaci o učestalosti
...nasilja u Hrvatskoj uspoređeni su s podacima za države u bližem okruženju, kao i s onima
svojstvenim drugim državama Europe i svijeta. U radu su analizirani podaci za razdoblje od
2015. do 2018. godine. Prosječno godišnje u Hrvatskoj zabilježi se 2850 nasilnih smrti, od čega
je 74 % nastalo nesretnim slučajem (stopa smrtnosti iznosi 50/100.000). Među nesretnim slučajevima
česti su padovi (30/100.000), a slijede prometne nesreće (10/100.000). Standardizirana
stopa smrtnosti uzrokovana nasiljem u Hrvatskoj je niska (1,6/100.000), dok su samoubojstva
sa srednje visokom stopom (12,1/100.000). Među ubojstvima gotovo polovica odnosi se na žene
koje su ubili partneri. Zbog obiteljskog nasilja policija godišnje prekršajno prijavi oko 10.000,
a kazneno oko 5.000 osoba, od čega se 1.600 odnosi na kaznena djela protiv života i tijela. Broj
prijavljenih kaznenih djela protiv spolne slobode i spolnog zlostavljanja i iskorištavanja djeteta u
RH pokazuje oscilacije od 775 (2015.) do 836 (2018.). Razmatrane su mjere prevencije i potreba
multidisciplinarnog pristupa. Istaknut je značaj stvaranja pozitivnog socijalnog ambijenta, te
definiranje jasnih preventivnih socijalnih politika u kojima treba uključiti sve raspoložive potencijale.
Gender-based violence (GBV) is pervasive and enduring in Papua New Guinea (PNG). Women and girls in this country are to a large extent exposed to sexual assault, rape and domestic violence in urban ...and rural areas. Once affected, they get only little attention and support, let alone justice. Asking what triggers violence against women in PNG this paper examines the different forms, causes and reasons of GBV. It highlights PNG-specific forms of violence against women. From the analysis of GBV it argues that violence is deeply rooted in PNG societies and widely accepted. Understanding GBV is of great importance for counteraction as the government, churches and various NGOs now run programs to improve the situation for women, but measures do not show the necessary impacts, because they do not address the profoundness and complexity of GBV in PNG.
The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the relationship between violence that occurs in the so-called northern triangle central – Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala - and socioeconomic conditions ...related to the concept of structural violence and show the main mechanisms to mitigate this violence in local and regional contexts. A comparative case study was conducting demonstrating that the socioeconomic conditions of Honduras, El Salvador and Guatemala are performed based violence that State experience. In addition, shown the ineffectiveness of the policy of "mano dura" with locally facing the phenomenon of violence and that regional mechanisms are still incipient established without the necessary institutional support for which have not been effective in reducing violence.
Building upon and expanding the previous research into structural determinants of homicide, particularly the work of Land, McCall, and Cohen (1990), the current paper introduces a multilevel ...theoretical framework that outlines the influences of three major structural forces on homicidal violence. The Big Three are poverty/low education, racial composition, and the disruption of family structure. These three factors exert their effects on violence at the following levels: neighborhood/community level, family/social interpersonal level, and individual level. It is shown algebraically how individual-level and aggregate-level effects contribute to the size of regression coefficients in aggregate-level analyses. In the empirical part of the study, the presented theoretical model is tested using county-level data to estimate separate effects of each of the Big Three factors on homicide at two time periods: 1950—1960 and 1995—2005 (chosen to be as far removed from one another as the availability of data allows). All major variables typically used in homicide research are included as statistical controls. The results of analyses show that the effects of the three major structural forces—poverty/low education, race, and divorce rates—on homicide rates in US counties are remarkably strong. Moreover, the effect sizes of each of the Big Three are found to be identical for both time periods despite profound changes in the economic and social situation in the United States over the past half-century. This remarkable stability in the effect sizes implies the stability of homicidal violence in response to certain structural conditions.
Geweld teen vroue en kinders is ’n diepgewortelde maatskaplike probleem in die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing. In hierdie artikel word basiese onderwys vir volwassenes (BOV) ondersoek as metode om die ...geweldspiraal te verbreek. Die eerste deel van die artikel begrond die betoog teoreties met Heise (1998) se geïntegreerde ekologiese raamwerk1 vir geweld teen vroue. Daarna volg ’n literatuurstudie oor die oorsake van geweld, wat verskeie faktore insluit, soos persoonlikheidsfaktore, strukturele faktore, geslagsrolle, kultuur en kulturele gebruike. Hierdie faktore het egter almal een gemene deler, naamlik die rol wat mag speel. Die artikel fokus ook op hindernisse in die stryd teen geweld, wat die kultuur van stilte, taal, en die samelewing se houding teenoor slagoffers insluit. Die fokus verskuif daarna na BOV, wat ’n bespreking van die aard daarvan, sowel as BOV-leerplanne en -leermateriaal asook knelpunte insluit. Die literatuurstudie dui aan dat BOV wel as metode gebruik kan word om geweld teen te werk. Die tweede gedeelte van die artikel word gewy aan ’n empiriese kwalitatiewe studie wat op aspekte van geweld en BOV fokus. Die doel van die navorsing was om vas te stel in watter mate die praktyk en literatuurstudie mekaar ondersteun. In die bespreking van die navorsingsresultate word die deelnemers se reaksie op die vrae in die onderhoudsgids hanteer. Die deelnemers staan besonder afwysend teenoor geweld en verskaf verskeie redes vir geweld. Hulle stel ook ’n aantal oplossings voor om geweld die hoof te bied en dui aan dat BOV, hoewel dit met ’n aantal uitdagings te kampe het, wel as teenvoeter vir geweld gebruik kan word. Die bespreking sluit af met ’n aantal aanbevelings gerig op rolspelers in die veld van BOV en ’n oproep dat teengeweldonderwys so spoedig moontlik geïmplementeer behoort te word.Adult basic education as an antidote for violence against women and children Violence against women and children is a deep-rooted social problem. Research indicates that more than 50% of women in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan are subjected to violence on a daily basis, while books like those of Patty Mallone, mother of the rock star Justin Bieber, confirm that this violence occurs on a global scale. In South Africa, the situation is no different, with violence against women being referred to as an ―unacknowledged gender war‖ and violence against children is evident from research on school violence and on child victims of rape and prostitution. Violence against women and children (hereafter referred to as ―violence‖) is also part of literature as poems and novels on the theme, and of our language, for example, in the Tswana proverb ―Mosadi kgogo o thlabelwa baeng,‖ which indicates that ―if a man has a male visitor, to demonstrate his welcome he must give him his wife‖. Against this background, this article, which is theoretically underpinned by an integrated ecological framework (Heise 1998), studies the use of adult basic education (ABE) as a way of combating violence. In the first part, violence and the reasons for violence are divided into the following four groups: Personal factors. These are factors bound to an individual’s action or personality and include self-image, substance abuse and pornography. Pornography, for example, has become more prevalent and has a harmful influence on the victim both through the initial recording and through the dissemination of the images.
Violence is an important issue in our country just as it is in the societies worldwide. Violence in schools as an interdisciplinary issue of sociology and psychology disciplines affects the school ...climate and students' learning processes negatively. It slows down students' development while defining aggression and sort of crime behaviors. In this study, the frequency of violent behaviors occurring in middle schools and school administrators reviews and precautions on this matter were analyzed. The study group of the present research consisted of 21 school administrators serving in Istanbul-Esenyurt district , public middle schools, in 2013-2014 academic year. A qualitative method was used and asked to the school administrators open-ended questions on how they manage violent behavior in their schools. The results were evaluated by 3 experts and were classified into 5 themes. According to the results, types of violent behaviour that were seen in schools were physical, verbal emotional and sexual.
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