In this paper, we present an approach to nonlinear system approximation, called the lattice trajectory piecewise linear (LTPWL) model. The approach involves determining a lattice piecewise linear ...(PWL) approximation to the state trajectory of a nonlinear system. It has been shown in the literature that the lattice PWL expression can represent any PWL function in any dimension. After the LTPWL approximation has been obtained, the order of each model piece is reduced using a Krylov projection technique. Compared to existing trajectory piecewise linear (TPWL) models, which are quasi-PWL in the whole region, LTPWL models are virtually linear in each subregion. Besides, the single output LTPWL model can be seen as a special kind of TPWL model, in which only one weight is 1, and the other weights are 0. In general, for multiple output LTPWL model, the weights set to be 1 for each component are different, which makes the LTPWL model more flexible in approximation of nonlinear function. The proposed strategy is applied to simulate diode circuits, and the experimental results show that the performance of the LTPWL model is better than that of the traditional TPWL model in terms of approximation accuracy and generalization ability.
In this communication, PSpice simulation software is used to design and characterize reverse biasing modes in series and parallel combinations. Using multiple diodes of similar types, how the ...breakdown voltage and power dissipation vary in parallel and series modes in reverse bias is investigated. In this paper, correlation equations and correlation factors between voltage and current in both series and parallel combinations using n = 1‐5 diodes in reverse bias are also found. The second‐order correlation equation between voltage and current provides a new way for designing new networks of PN junction diodes for better power gain. The mathematical formulation for applied voltage and average current of n = 1‐10 diodes in parallel and series combinations is also calculated, which can help researchers to design new network circuits for switching devices in the electronics industry.
A multidirectional magnetized permanent magnetic adsorption device (PMAD) for wall-climbing robots is proposed. The novel PMAD can significantly increase the adsorption force under the same mass. ...Firstly, the magnetic circuit of the novel PMAD was optimized based on the design theory proposed in this paper. The novel PMAD contains multiple closely arranged permanent magnets with different magnetizing directions. The magnets can be divided into several component units by the arrangement regulation of the magnetizing directions. In every component unit, the magnetizing directions distribute along a semi-circle. Secondly, Finite element analysis software Ansys Workbench was used for parameterized modeling, structural characteristic analysis, magnetic circuit simulation, adsorption force calculation and parameter optimization of the novel PMAD. Then, The novel and the Halbach type of PMADs with the same material and volume were trial-produced. The adsorption force was measured under different air gap thicknesses. The experimental results proved that the adsorption force of the novel PMAD doubled averagely compared with the Halbach type of PMAD under the same mass, and the largest amplification was 2.3 times. Finally, the novel PMADs were applied in a wall-climbing robot for ultrasonic testing, and provide steady and reliable adsorption.
Aiming at the problems of the influence in power-supply variations on timing analysis, this paper presents a new method to assign a supply-dependent hold margin based on analysis of scientific data ...materials, which describe a method to accurately characterize logic gates for the sensitivity of delay on supply-voltage variations, and then the method use a commercial microcontroller as a design example. Experiment results shows that the new method with analysis of scientific materials can get a good performance, even under the existing noise.
As critical transistor dimensions scale below the 100nm (nanoscale) regime, quantum mechanical (QM) effects begin to manifest themselves and affect important device performance metrics. Therefore, ...simulation tools which can be applied to design nanoscale transistors in the future, require new theory and modeling techniques that capture the physics of quantum transport accurately and efficiently. In this paper, we apply an artificial neural network (ANN) to the study of the nanoscale CMOS circuits. The latter is based on the 2-D numerical non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) simulation of the current–voltage characteristics of an undoped symmetric DG MOSFET. The encouraging comparisons between numerical results and ANN PSPICE simulations have indicated that the developed ANN subcircuit representation particularly suitable to be incorporated in SPICE-like tools for nanoscale CMOS circuits simulation.
DC analysis, as a foundation for the simulation of many electronic circuits, is concerned with locating DC operating points. In this paper, a new and efficient algorithm to find all DC operating ...points is proposed for transistor circuits. The novelty of this DC operating points finder is its two-level simple implementation based on the affine arithmetic preconditioning and interval contraction method. Compared to traditional methods such as homotopy, this finder offers a dramatically faster way of computing all roots, without sacrificing any accuracy. Explicit numerical examples and comparative analysis are given to demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed approach.
3D Integration is being touted as the next semiconductor revolution. This book provides a comprehensive coverage on the design and modeling aspects of 3D integration, in particularly, focus on its ...electrical behavior. Looking from the perspective the Silicon Via (TSV) and Glass Via (TGV) technology, the book introduces 3DICs and Interposers as a technology, and presents its application in numerical modeling, signal integrity, power integrity and thermal integrity. The authors underscored the potential of this technology in design exchange formats and power distribution.
A new iterative technique for the steady-state analysis of pulsewidth modulated (PWM) DC/DC switching regulators is presented. The methodology is based on transforming the closed-loop regulator into ...an open-loop configuration. The steady-state solution is solved by two iteration loops. The first loop is to find the steady-state state variables when the power converter is at a fixed duty cycle. The circuit waveforms are obtained by a stepwise time-domain simulation method, which is based on using stepwise quadratic formulation of the circuit state variables with progressive analysis of the switches' states. The second iteration loop is to determine the steady-state duty cycle of the PWM modulator output, using an explicit "fictitious" ramp offset value as the error index. This two-loop iteration approach lessens the occurrence of the nonconvergence problem that is sometimes found in the single-loop iteration method. Furthermore, the advantages of this method include the following: (1) substantial improvement in speeding up the convergence to steady-state solution; (2) simplicity in requiring simple algebraic manipulations; (3) generality in determining valid topology without prior knowledge of the regulator operation; and (4) directness in determining the switching instants. Several examples illustrating the computational efficiency and the accuracy are presented and are verified with the available literature.
The paper presents an original CMOS implementation of current and voltage followers in 40 nm TSMC technology. Authors have designed these components as basic components for construction more complex ...analog and mixed-signal embedded systems based on current signals processing. The main parameters of these basic building blocks have been analyzed and discussed. Authors give fundamental mathematical equations that allow describing both followers and their applications. Modern electronic systems need to be flexible with ability of programming some of their parameters. Thus, the idea digital-analog front-end based on binary programming of circuits parameters is introduced. Results of simulation experiments carried out with the presented components are given. Finally, the investigations are summarized and some conclusions emphasizing the quality of the analyzed approach are presented.
