Background. Significant progress in the medication of syphilis has been achieved for the past century. Now this disease is diagnosed in the early stages. Accordingly the mark of late stages of the ...syphilis can only be seen on paleoanthropological materials. The object of this work is the detail characteristic of the pathological changes of syphilitic etiology on the skull of the woman (25-35 years old) who lived in the 17th or early 18th centuries in Primokshanie. Materials and methods. The researchable skull was found during archaeological excavations on the territory of the Kelgininsky burial ground belonging by the Mordva-Moksha. The archaeological site is located on the territory of the Zubovo- Polyansky district of the Republic of Mordovia. The burial dates to the 17th - early 18th centuries. The skull was explored visually and by cone-beam tomography. Visualization of results of tomography was realized out using the GALILEOS Viewer program. Results. The most observable changes have been seen in the zone of the outer surface of the frontal squama, the nasal cavity and the osseous palate. The walls of the nasal cavity are deformed, the nasal bones, shells, vomer are destroyed by a pathological process with noticeable sclerosis of the remaining bones; there are traces of healed gumma on the intermaxillary suture of the osseous palate. Moreover, most of the right and left maxillary sinuses were replaced with porous bone. Conclusions. The results of the research show that the method of conebeam tomography is effective for the study of pathological changes on the human skull. The study let to supplement the clinical picture of syphilis in the later stages of the development of this disease. This is of great importance, since the nature of destructive changes in syphilis is greatly variable.
(How) Should ultrasound enter the match? Güvener, Orhan; Karanfil, Yiğitcan; Özçakar, Levent
Joint diseases and related surgery,
05/2023, Letnik:
34, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Background. Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin, characterized by a clinically recurrent course with periods of bloody diarrhea and pathomorphological-diffuse ...inflammatory process in the colon. The problem of ulcerative colitis requires further study of the clinical features of the disease, taking into account the localization, degree of activity of the inflammatory process, changes in the structure of the mucous membrane that will help increase the efficiency of ulcerative colitis diagnosis in childhood. Materials and methods. On the basis of clinical and statistical analysis of 116 case histories of children aged 4–18 years with ulcerative colitis, the features of its clinical forms — total, segmental and distal — were studied during the period of exacerbation of the disease. Four hundred and forty-five biopsy specimens obtained during colonoscopy were histologically examined. After biopsy sampling, specimens were fixed in 10% formalin and were processed according to the generally accepted histological method with section staining using hematoxylin-eosin and according to Van Gieson. Results. Changes in the architectonics of the large intestine mucosa, which reduce the resistance of the mucous barrier, as well as impaired blood supply — a factor in the development of hemic hypoxia — are significant for the mechanisms of ulcerative colitis exacerbation.
Blood tests showed a high C-reactive protein (289 mg/L), elevated liver enzymes—aspartate aminotransferase was 186 U/L, and alanine aminotransferase was 123 U/L—elevated troponin (78 ng/L), elevated ...N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (6302 pg/mL), elevated ferritin (1991 μg/L), low albumin (19·9 g/L), and a coagulopathy—prothrombin time 18·1, activated partial thromboplastin time 42, fibrinogen 6·1 g/L, and D-dimer 41 mg/L. The time course of the presenting symptoms in our patient strongly suggests an association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and AU—although other possible causes of uveitis cannot completely be excluded due to the absence of additional screening tests. Recognition and treatment of AU is important due to the possible ocular complications—including posterior synechiae, band keratopathy, a rise in intraocular pressure leading to glaucoma, cataract, and cystoid macular oedema—potentially leading to permanent visual impairment (video).
In 2017, Ukraine ranked in the top three among European countries in terms of measles incidence, and ranked first in measles growth in 2018. High morbidity, mortality and development of complications ...make the problem of knowing features of the measles clinical course, timely diagnosis and active prevention highly relevant. The purpose of the research is to study the dynamics of the incidence and clinical features of measles in children during the outbreak of 2018–2019 in the city of Mariupol, Donetsk region. A peculiarity of the measles outbreak in 2018–2019 in Mariupol is prevalence of the disease in preschool children (60.4%), including 30.2% – those under one year of age; low vaccination rate: 52.3% of children unvaccinated; only 22.2% of children were vaccinated twice, according to the schedule. In all age groups, a moderately severe measles course prevailed (69.8%). The clinical course of measles in preschool and school age children had definitive features. Thus, Belsky–Filatov–Koplik spots were observed three times more frequently in preschool children than in schoolchildren (63.9% and 23.3%, respectively). Abdominal pain and diarrhea were only observed in children under 6 years of age (30.2%). Skin pigmentation was absent in children under one year of age and was detected in preschool and school-age children (69.8%). Skin sloughing was only observed in schoolchildren (10.4%). Severe disease course occurred in patients of all ages (29.3%), but children aged under one year and preschool children with severe disease were two times more numerous than those of the school age. Among the observed complications, the vast majority were associated with the respiratory organs: pneumonia (38.3%), subcutaneous emphysema (1.7%), bronchitis (53.2%), laryngitis (3.3%), otitis media (5%). No fatalities were observed. The city should form a commitment to immunization, restore public trust in vaccination, using all forms and means of information, and develop a program to implement the vaccination schedule into practice.
The purpose of this study is to assess the rate, clinical picture, and management of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) during the different COVID-19 variants of concern (VOC) ...domination periods. This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. The incidence and clinical picture of MIS-C during the original/Alpha (group 1) and Delta/Omicron (Group 2) variant domination periods were compared. Among 108 eligible patients, 74 (68.5%) were hospitalized during the group 1 domination period, and 34 (31.5%) were hospitalized during the group 2 domination period. The median (Me) patient ages were 76 months (interquartile range IQR 35–130) and 73 months (IQR 45–118), and 61% and 65% of patients were male, respectively. There was no significant difference in the presence of positive SARS-CoV 2 antibody test results (IgM or IgG) between the groups (84 vs
.
90%;
p
= 0.54)
.
No differences between groups were observed in fever duration prior to admission (Me IQR: 5 days 3–6 vs. 5 days 4–6;
p
= 0.26) or the presence of mucocutaneous (95 vs. 100%;
p
= 0.41), circulatory (70.3 vs. 61.8%;
p
= 0.86), neurological (6.8 vs. 2.9%;
p
= 0.662), or gastrointestinal symptoms (84 vs. 79%;
p
= 0.59). Respiratory symptoms were more common in group 2 (70 vs. 91%;
p
= 0.015). The need for intensive care unit admission was similar in both groups (16.2 vs. 17.6%,
p
= 1.0). No deaths occurred in the entire cohort. The studied children were characterized by high C-reactive protein and procalcitonin levels, concentrations of ferritin within normal limits, lymphopenia, moderate hypoalbuminemia, and high B-type natriuretic peptide/brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations; however, there were no differences between the groups. Intravenous immunoglobulins were administered as a first-line treatment for almost all patients. There was no significant difference in corticosteroid administration between the groups (87% vs. 74%;
p
= 0.11); however, the summary dose of methylprednisolone was higher in group 2 (Me IQR″ 12.6 mg/kg 10.5–17.8 vs. 16.4 mg/kg 13.3–19.5;
p
= 0.03). The median length of stay was 11 days IQR: 9–14 and 10 days 8–12, respectively (
p
= 0.065).
Conclusion
: The clinical course of MIS-C is similar in subsequent pandemic waves; however, the incidence of MIS-C seems to be decreasing.
What is Known:
• The clinical picture of COVID-19 is evolving. Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a relatively new serious disease connected with SARS-CoV-2 infection, and in subsequent waves of the pandemic, new cases of the disease have been recorded.
What is New:
• The clinical picture of MIS-C is not specific, but the course is still severe.
• The incidence of MIS-C during the different pandemic waves is decreasing and the diagnosis in the period of lower prevalance is challenging.
The influenza virus has accompanied humans since time immemorial, in the form of annual epidemics and occasional pandemics. It is a respiratory infection with multiple repercussions on people's lives ...at an individual and social level, as well as representing a significant burden on the health system. This Consensus Document arises from the collaboration of various Spanish scientific societies involved in influenza virus infection. The conclusions drawn are based on the highest quality evidence available in the scientific literature and, failing that, on the opinion of the experts convened. The Consensus Document addresses the clinical, microbiological, therapeutic, and preventive aspects (with respect to the prevention of transmission and in relation to vaccination) of influenza, for both adult and pediatric populations. This Consensus Document aims to help facilitate the clinical, microbiological, and preventive approach to influenza virus infection and, consequently, to reduce its important consequences on the morbidity and mortality of the population.
El virus de la gripe ha acompañado al ser humano desde tiempo inmemorial, en forma de epidemias anuales y pandemias ocasionales. Se trata de una infección respiratoria con múltiples repercusiones sobre la vida de las personas a nivel individual y social, así como una importante sobrecarga para el sistema sanitario. El presente documento de consenso surge de la colaboración de diversas sociedades científicas españolas implicadas en la atención de la infección por virus de la gripe. Las conclusiones extraídas se han fundamentado en las evidencias de mayor calidad disponibles en la literatura científica y, en su defecto, en la opinión de los expertos convocados. En el documento de consenso se abordan los aspectos clínicos, microbiológicos, terapéuticos y preventivos (respecto de la prevención de la transmisión y en relación con la vacunación) de la gripe, tanto para población pediátrica como para adultos. Este documento de consenso pretende ayudar a facilitar el abordaje clínico, microbiológico y preventivo de la infección por virus de la gripe y, consecuentemente, a disminuir sus importantes consecuencias sobre la morbimortalidad de la población.
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