Instrumental stakeholder theory considers the performance consequences for firms of highly ethical relationships with stakeholders, characterized by high levels of trust, cooperation, and information ...sharing. While research suggests performance benefits, an obvious question remains: If instrumental stakeholder theory–based stakeholder treatment is so valuable, why isn’t it the dominant mode of relating to stakeholders? We argue that the existing instrumental stakeholder theory literature has three shortcomings that limit its ability to explain variance in performance. (1) Little theory exists around how instrumental stakeholder theory–based stakeholder management could provide sustainable competitive advantage. (2) The literature has largely neglected the potential downsides (i.e., costs) associated with pursuing these sorts of stakeholder relationships. (3) There is a paucity of theory on the contexts in which the incremental benefits of instrumental stakeholder theory–based stakeholder relationships are most likely to exceed the costs. As our primary contribution, we develop a theoretical path from a communal sharing relational ethics strategy—characterized by an intention to rely on relational contracts, joint wealth creation, high levels of mutual trust and cooperation, and communal sharing of property—to a close relationship capability, which we argue is valuable, rare, and difficult to imitate and, thus, a potential source of sustainable competitive advantage. We also consider the potential costs of achieving this capability and identify contexts in which the resulting relationships are likely to have the greatest net value.
The problem of performance management in Islamic educational institutions is still often carried out for only periodic formal assessments for promotion/position. The fantastic number of Muhammadiyah ...educational institutions, in fact, does not necessarily show their competitive advantage as a whole. Muhammadiyah schools in the outskirts of Wonogiri district (rural areas) are often judged for their management from the road, labeled as discarded schools, unable to compete with public schools, and being underestimated by the community. Muhammadiyah educational institutions are expected to be able to get out of this situation by building a competitive advantage that can be achieved through proper performance management, in line with opportunities and the surrounding environment. Research at SD Muhammadiyah (PK) Pracimantoro and SD Muhammadiyah Inovatif Baturetno, aims to obtain a description based on field facts about planning, implementing, and evaluating performance management in achieving competitive advantage. This field research uses a qualitative approach by emphasizing the analysis of descriptive data in the form of written and spoken words and pictures. The data in this study were collected through interviews and documentation methods. Data analysis was carried out using the inductive method through several steps, namely: data collection accompanied by data reduction, presenting data in the form of narratives and descriptions, then drawing conclusions. The results of this study are performance management in achieving competitive advantage at SD Muhammadiyah PK Pracimantoro and SD Muhammadiyah Innovative Baturetno, carried out in three stages. First, planning includes: goal setting, recruitment of teachers and education personnel, performance agreements. Second, implementation. At the implementation stage of performance management contains several activities, namely: coaching discipline, motivation, competency development, and awards. Third, performance evaluationtaken by two approaches, namely formal and informal. This process is carried out in order to realize school excellence that focuses on educational aspects, including: (1) Location; (2) Value excellence, which includes: curriculum, educational services, teaching staff, infrastructure, educational programs, and graduate achievements.
With the increasing need for firms to implement innovation in their pursuit of competitive advantage, open innovation has attracted the growing attention of academics and practitioners. However, the ...current literature has been lopsided, focussing predominantly on the myriad benefits of open innovation. We argue that eulogising only the positive aspects of open innovation is insufficient to help firms and motivate future research. Therefore, we recommend increased attention to the dark side of open innovation, which includes failures that can occur at various stages of the open innovation process. A review of the existing literature reveals that although researchers have, time and again, attempted to document failure in open innovation, this literature is comparatively sparse and fragmented. The extant literature also exhibits an apparent lack of effort to encourage future research, as evidenced by the absence of a comprehensive literature review. We aim to address this research gap by reviewing 76 studies identified by applying a stringent search protocol consistent with the systematic literature review (SLR) methodology. The contributions of this SLR include (a) development of a research profile of the relevant literature, (b) identification of five thematic areas, (c) elucidation of research gaps and suggestion of potential research questions as an agenda for future research on failures in open innovation, (d) formulation of a conceptual framework comprising the antecedents and outcomes of open innovation failure and (e) presentation of the various theoretical and managerial implications for scholars and practitioners.
•This study is an attempt to explore the initiatives taken by organisations to build competitive intelligence via big data analytics.•Our studyis an attempt to develop a theoretical framework via ...which we have established linkages between big data analytics capability of an organisation and competitive intelligence.•Our study is an attempt to generate some useful research propositions via which we can advance the theoretical boundaries surrounding big data analytics capability, competitive intelligence and organisational information processing capability.
Over recent years, organizations have started to capitalize on the significant use of Big Data and emerging technologies to analyze, and gain valuable insights linked to, decision-making processes. The process of Competitive Intelligence (CI) includes monitoring competitors with a view to delivering both actionable and meaningful intelligence to organizations. In this regard, the capacity to leverage and unleash the potential of big data tools and techniques is one of various significant components of successfully steering CI and ultimately infusing such valuable knowledge into CI strategies. In this paper, the authors aim to examine Big Data applications in CI processes within organizations by exploring how organizations deal with Big Data analytics, and this study provides a context for developing Big Data frameworks and process models for CI in organizations. Overall, research findings have indicated a preference for a rather centralized informal process as opposed to a clear formal structure for CI; the use of basic tools for queries, as opposed to reliance on dedicated methods such as advanced machine learning; and the existence of multiple challenges that companies currently face regarding the use of big data analytics in building organizational CI.
Наибиъш значимым джередом виникнення та утримання конкурентных нереваг тдприемства e використання оновленоi науково-техтчшп продукци, що e результатом науковоц шженерно-техноло ¿İhhoî та ...штелектуальноi дгяльностг upoeiduax спецгалгстгв. Высока конкурентоспроможшстъ надае можливостг отримувати прибуток, достигший, щоб защкавиты meecmopie для подальшеi· сшвпращ, що забезпечитъ стабНьний розвиток тдпрыемства. Таким чином, за умов динамгчного конкурентного середовища впровадження шновацш e необхгдною умовою для шдтримки високих конкурентних позицш тдприемства. Спираючись на розроблену Й. Шумпетером теоргю «шновацшного розвитку», у cmammi основний акцент робиться на необх1дноспй запровадження шновацш у виробничий процес, як neeid'cMHOi складовоi забезпечення конкурентоспроможностi на ринку суб'екта господарювання. Таким чином, сучасний ринок потребуе активного розвитку шновацш, що матергалгзоваш в оновлених технологгях, товарах, оргашзацшних та управлшських решениях. 1нновацшна дгяльшсть мае декиька специф1чних ознак: тдвищена ризиковгеть, непередбачувашеть результатов, вгдетрочена ефектившеть (довгостроковий характер отримання результатов), i в той же час, потенцшна можливость отримання високого прибутку. Формування шновацшного потенциалу компаноо, а також його втолення у життя визначаеться, в больоиой моро, безперервною взаемодоею комплексу чинников та умов, що пришвидшують шновацшний процес, вод результатов наукових дослоджень до впровадження онновацшноо технологи, або масового випуску онновацшноо продукци. У cmammi розкрито тако важливо категороо, як «онновацоя», «новацоя», «водкриття», «винаход» та «нововведения», окреслено чотко eidMİHHoerni мож ними. Охарактеризовано розно подходи науковцов до категори «шновацшний потенциал». Велике значения мае вибор найбольои оптимального методу оцшки шновацшного потенцоалу, оскольки такий показник демонструе готовность тдприемства до створення шновацшного продукту у формо науково-техночного зразка та його використання на практицо, а також допомагае оцшити, на скольки впровадження шноваци e економочно обгрунтованим. Розглянуто метода оцшки шновацшного потенцоалу, запропоноват рознима науковцями, що найбольоие застосовуються на практицо.
This study focused on the effects of strategy adoption on the performance of small scale rice processors in Kogi State, Nigeria. The study adopted research survey design. The population of the study ...comprised of 1200 rice processors, from which the sample size of 291 was determined. The study adopted the multi-stage sampling technique to select small scale rice processors in the study area. Data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Multiple Regression Model. Findings showed that low cost, growth, value and differentiation rice business strategies have significant effects on competitive advantage of small scale rice processors in Kogi State. The study concluded that the choice of strategy to adopt must not be based on intuition, but rather on technical ground and analysis; and that the adoption of combined rice business strategies will depend on adequate level of resources, strategic orientation, knowledge and skills of the small scale rice processors in Kogi State. The study therefore recommended that low costs and differentiation rice business strategies should be combined to achieve increased competitive advantage of small scale rice processors in Kogi State.
Although big data analytics (BDA) is considered the next “frontier” in data science by creating potential business opportunities, the way to extract those opportunities is unclear. This paper aims to ...understand the antecedents of BDA value at a firm level. The authors performed a study using a mixed methodology approach. First, by carrying out a Delphi study to explore and rank the antecedents affecting the creation of BDA value. Based on the Delphi results, we propose an empirically validated model supported by a survey conducted on 175 European firms to explain the antecedents of BDA sustained value. The results show that the proposed model explains 62% of BDA sustained value at the firm level, where the most critical contributor is BDA use. We provide directions for managers to support their decisions on BDA strategy definition and refinement. For academics, we extend BDA value literature and outline some potential research opportunities.
Research summary: We use a novel theoretical framework to synthesize ostensibly disparate streams of nonmarket strategy research. We argue that faced with weak institutions, firms can create and ...appropriate value by either adapting to, augmenting, or transforming the existing institutional environment, and can do so either independently or in collaboration with others. We use the resulting typology of six distinct nonmarket strategies to provide an integrative review of nonmarket strategy research. We then extend this framework to examine the choice between nonmarket strategies, arguing that this choice depends upon whether the existing institutional environment is incomplete or captured, and discussing other drivers of nonmarket strategy choice, the relationship between these strategies, and their social impact, so as to provide an agenda for future research. Managerial summary: The pursuit of competitive advantage often requires firms to operate in contexts where existing rules and regulations provide inadequate protection. Disruptive technologies open up new opportunities for value creation, but it takes years before appropriate regulations are introduced. Economic reforms open up new markets, but these are often regulated to favor incumbents and politically connected insiders. In such environments, managers must decide whether to adapt their strategies to the existing institutional environment, devote resources to improve it, or try to transform it altogether. In this article, we develop an integrative theoretical framework that connects and synthesizes research examining each of these options, and offers some preliminary thoughts on how managers may choose among these different approaches.
The concept of business models has reached global impact, both for company's competitive success and in management science. Its application by authors from diverse areas has led to a previously very ...heterogeneous comprehension of the concept. Yet, by means of investigating its origin and theoretical development, we state a recently converging business model view. Further, based on analyzing business model definitions, perspectives and components in the literature, we newly define the concept and portray its essential components in an integrated framework. Finally, the compilation of the current state of business model research yields the article's main findings. In this regard, via database search we quantitatively identify 681 peer-reviewed articles. Further, we qualitatively analyze them according to individual research areas that we adopt from an appropriate heuristic frame of reference. In this way, we identify four essential research foci: innovation, change & evolution, performance & controlling and design. In triangulation with assessing future research perspectives through a survey of twenty-one international experts, they also consider the areas of innovation, change & evolution, and design to be significant for the future development of the business model research field.
This study aims to analyze and determine the magnitude of the influence of information technology capabilities, leadership commitment, competitive advantage and sustainable value creation. This study ...uses descriptive and causal-explanatory methods with a quantitative approach. The sampling method used is the probability sampling approach (the census). Data analysis used is the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach using primary data. The results of the study state that IT Capability has a significant positive effect on Sustainability Value Creation (SVC) and Corporate Competitive Advantage (CCA). The Top Management Commitment variable positively and significantly affects Sustainability Value Creation but does not affect CCA. The SVC variable influences CCA. The results of the Indirect Effect test state that IT Capability influences CCA through SVC. Meanwhile, Top Management Commitment influences CCA through SVC. Additional variables may have other moderating and mediating effects on the mediating role of sustainable value creation. This research contributes to knowledge development (basic research) and applicative problem solving (applied research) by Islamic banking in Indonesia. The results of this study can be a premise for subsequent researchers and can add to the limitations of the literature. This research focused on the research locus, namely Islamic banking throughout Indonesia. It is confirmed that research topics with variables used in this research have never been studied at the locus of Islamic banking before.
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