Abstract
As an extreme phenomenon of water pollution, odorous-black water not only cause ecological damage and threaten human health, but also severely restrict urban development. This paper mainly ...summarizes the main points, applicability, advantages and disadvantages of the current comprehensive treatment technology of odorous-black water, and analyzes the later development direction of odorous-black water treatment technology. It is considered that the treatment of odorous-black water is a systematic project, which involves many sources such as external source interception, water purification, quality assurance of living water, ecological restoration are the important technical means.
PDT for Gastric Cancer — the view from China Xu, Bo; He, Puyi; Wang, Yunpeng ...
Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy,
June 2023, 2023-Jun, 2023-06-00, 20230601, Letnik:
42
Journal Article
Recenzirano
•Photodynamic therapy has brought a new option for the treatment of gastric cancer.•Some data have confirmed that photodynamic therapy combined with chemotherapy shows better efficacy in the ...treatment of gastric cancer, but whether it has the same effect when combined with targeted therapy or immunotherapy remains to be further investigated.•Photodynamic therapy combined with drug therapy can even achieve complete remission in some patients with gastric cancer.•According to clinical experiments and experience, photodynamic therapy has a broad prospect in the treatment of gastric cancer.
The incidence rate and mortality of gastric cancer remain elevated. Traditionally, surgical treatment (including endoscopic surgery and traditional surgery), chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy were used for the treatment of gastric cancer. Although the emergence of targeted therapy and immunotherapy can effectively prolong the survival of some patients with gastric cancer and improve the quality of life of patients after chemotherapy or surgery, the overall survival rate of gastric cancer has not been significantly improved. Photodynamic therapy is a local photochemical therapy with the advantages of high safety, few adverse reactions, and repeatability, although it may cause some toxic reactions. There are some differences between East and West in the treatment of gastric cancer with PDT, and most earlier studies concentrated on using PDT alone. However, some studies have indicated that PDT may enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy and other medications. This paper summarizes the study on the use of PDT and its combination therapy in gastric cancer, which is anticipated to offer novel thoughts for the treatment of gastric cancer.
Neurosarcoidosis tends to prolong the duration of treatment and may result in a decline in physical function requiring rehabilitation. Because of a rare disease, the adjustment of oral steroid ...dosage, which is the cornerstone of treatment, is highly dependent on professional experience in general. Therefore, the number of hospitals that can perform dosage adjustment is very limited, and it is difficult to provide concurrent intense rehabilitation at the same hospital over a long period of time, and there are no reports that mention this.
A 49-year-old man, who presented with impaired consciousness, dysphagia and right hemiplegia, was diagnosed with neurosarcoidosis based on a previous diagnosis of sarcoidosis, laboratory test results, and clinical symptoms. High-dose oral steroid therapy was initiated and he was transferred to our rehabilitation hospital for progressive disuse approximately 2 months after the disease onset.
This case was diagnosed as "probable" neurosarcoidosis.
The steroid dose was not reduced during rehabilitation treatment in our hospital considering the risk of relapse of the primary disease due to steroid reduction. His training regimen focused on minimum activities of daily living was performed, and its effectiveness was determined during approximately 60 days after the initiation of rehabilitation.
Two months after admission, he was independently eating, transferring, and toileting under supervision. He was discharged home 3 months after admission.
Intensive rehabilitation can be one of the effective comprehensive treatment strategy for patients with neurosarcoidosis. On the other hand, since there is no consensus treatment method, the duration of rehabilitation and goal setting should be adjusted based on an understanding of the characteristics of the disease and the overall treatment plan.
Designed as a watershed groundwater restoration policy (WGRP), the Comprehensive Treatment Program of the Shiyang River Basin (CTSRB) was launched in 2006 to restore the groundwater resources in the ...Minqin oasis, northwestern China. This study sought to verify the recovery effects of CTSRB implementation from the perspective of groundwater depth. We reconstructed the spatio-temporal distribution of groundwater depth at interannual and pixel scales by using digital groundwater depth models (DGDMs), based on the ordinary kriging interpolation method. Using DGDMs data, various measures of the groundwater table (e.g., regional depths, surface areas, depletion cones, and conditions in irrigated regions including Ba, Quanshan, and Hu) were quantitatively analyzed and compared for the pre-CTSRB (2001–2006), CTSRB I (2006–2010), and CTSRB II (2010–2015) periods, for which spatial trends in the annual amplitudes of groundwater depth were compared. Finally, strategies that impacted the groundwater behavior before and during the CTSRB periods, possible indirect and adverse effects, and long-term strategies and prospects were discussed. The results showed that groundwater depth first declined sharply, before increasing slowly and stabilizing after implementation of the CTSRB. Areas of greater groundwater depth (<−20m) and four groundwater depletion cones expanded during the pre-CTSRB period, whereas variable shrinking trends were detected during the CTSRB period. Spatial analysis showed that groundwater recovery mainly occurred along the periphery of the three irrigated regions, among which recovery effects in Hu were more obvious than those in Quanshan and Ba, with pumping-well densities the main reason for the difference. Therefore, various strategies (increasing the surface water supply, reducing groundwater mining, and some other auxiliary measures) of CTSRB together supported groundwater recovery in the Minqin oasis. Overall, this research demonstrates an innovative perspective to verify the effects of WGRPs in arid and semi-arid areas.
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•Groundwater depth assessment policies are used for ecological restoration.•The spatio-temporal dynamics of groundwater depth were studied.•Data showed that the policies had a positive effect on groundwater recovery.•This verification approach would be useful in other arid/semi-arid areas.
The liver is the main target organ for hematogenous metastases of colorectal cancer, and colorectal liver metastasis is one of the most difficult and challenging situations in the treatment of ...colorectal cancer. In order to improve the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment in China, the Guidelines have been edited and revised for several times since 2008, including the overall evaluation, personalized treatment goals and comprehensive treatments, to prevent the occurrence of liver metastases, increase the local damage rate of liver metastases, prolong long-term survival, and improve quality of life. The revised Guideline version 2023 includes the diagnosis and followup, prevention, multidisciplinary team (MDT), surgery and local ablative treatment, neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy, and comprehensive treatment, with stateoftheart experience and findings, detailed content, and strong operability.
Groundwater is the primary water source for agriculture, social economy, and ecosystem in the Shiyang River Basin (SRB), northwest China. Research on its variation and attribution is of great ...importance for the sustainable development of local economy, water resources, and the environment. In this study, the changes in the groundwater table depth (GTD) during 1980–2017 in different sub-basins and different periods were analyzed using the linear trend and moving t-test methods. The contribution of natural and human activity to GTD in the before and after periods of the Comprehensive Treatment Program of the SRB (CTSRB) were quantified using a multiple general linear model. The results showed that (1) the GTD in SRB showed a significant increasing trend during 1980–2017, and it could be divided into three stages: slow increase (1980–1987), rapid increase (1987–2008), and spatially different trends (2009–2017). In sub-basins, the increasing rates in the three stages in Wuwei were 1.05 m/10a, 2.86 m/10a, and 4.50 m/10a, respectively, while those in Minqin were 3.89 m/10a, 6.24 m/10a, and 0.85 m/10a, respectively. (2) The contribution of human irrigation activity to GTD in Minqin decreased from 77.3 % during the pre-CTSRB period to 38.0 % during the post-CTSRB period, while that in Wuwei increased from 67.3 % to 83.8 %. This was due to the CTSRB focusing on the groundwater and ecological restoration in the lower reaches of SRB. (3) The dominant attributing factor to the increase in GTD was groundwater exploitation driven by expanded irrigated-farmland during the pre-CTSRB period. However, the implementation of CTSRB has achieved remarkable results, and the groundwater level in Minqin virtually reached a stable state, especially in the Lake irrigation district. This study provides a reference and basis for sustainable utilization and management of groundwater resources in similar arid and semi-arid regions.
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•Change in groundwater table depth were analyzed based on irrigation districts during different stages.•Groundwater table in irrigation areas of SRB declined dramatically in the past decades before 2007.•Long-term groundwater exploitation for agricultural irrigation accounted for greater than 73% of the contribution.•The implementation of the local policy mitigated the impact of human irrigation activities to 38.0% in Minqin sub-basin.•The study would be useful in other groundwater depletion arid areas.
AIM: To investigate the prevalence and clinical effects of the comprehensive treatment of demodex in eyelash follicles in patients with Meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD). METHODS: This study was a ...prospective analysis.The MGD patients(experimental group, 264 eyes in 132 patients)and normal subjects(control group, 192 eyes in 96 patients)were collected from the He Eye Hospital from January 2016 to July 2017. Comprehensive treatment of patients in the experimental group. Eyelash sampling, demodex counting, tear film break up time(BUT), cornea fluorescein staining(FL)and Schirmer Ⅰ test(SⅠt)were measured for both groups. The symptom score of MGD patients was recorded.RESULTS: For the experimental and control groups, the number of demodex before the treatment was 7(6, 9)and 2(1, 3), respectively(Z=5.264, P<0.01). The percentage of demodex infestation was 100% and 28.1%,respectively(χ2=35.957, P<0.01). The BUT was 4.06±1.38 and 12.00±2.82s. The FL was 3.06±1.57 and 0.46±0.63. The SⅠt was 6.93±2.08mm and 11.13±2.38mm/5min, respectively(t=-9.825, t=5.978, t=-4.776; all P<0.01). The symptom score of the MGD group before and after treatment was 6.57±2.93 and 3.27±1.89, respectively(t=5.443, P<0.01). After the treatment, the percentage of demodex infestation of the experimental group were 57.6%, the number of demodex were 3(0-5), had significant difference with the data before the treatment(Z=3.937, P<0.01). The BUT and FL were 6.53±3.27s and 1.67±0.54, and all had significant difference with the data before the treatment(t=5.152, 4.328; all P<0.01). The SⅠt of the experimental group after the treatment was 8.37±5.34mm/5min, with no significant difference with the data before the treatment(t=-0.285, P=0.748).CONCLUSION: Demodex infection can cause Meibomian gland dysfunction and produce corresponding clinical symptoms. The comprehensive treatment can greatly diminishes the number of demodex mites and effectively relieve the symptoms of Meibomian gland dysfunction which is associated with demodex infestation.
Background:
Early comprehensive treatment models (CTMs) have been developed as effective treatments for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Numerous studies have suggested that CTMs can ...improve short-term outcomes, but little is known about precise outcome information in childhood. The current meta-analysis reviewed studies reporting broader outcomes in children with ASD who had ever participated in a CTM and examined the predictors of developmental gains.
Methods:
We searched eight databases up to June 13, 2019, for relevant trials and natural experiments. Longitudinal studies were selected if they investigated the outcomes of CTMs. Two meta-analyses were undertaken to provide a summary estimate of change in treatment outcomes and to evaluate the effect of CTMs; one used the standardized mean change between the pretest and posttest, and the other was a classical meta-analysis. Stratified and random-effects meta-regression analyses were performed to search for outcome differences among studies.
Results:
Eighteen intervention studies (involving 495 children with ASD) met all the inclusion criteria: 12 used early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI), and two used the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM). Outcomes were categorized into three parts: cognitive, language and behavioral (e.g., adaptive functioning and symptomatology). Overall, most children with ASD who had ever participated in an early CTM made gains in many areas of functioning, especially in terms of symptom- and language-related outcomes. Stratified analyses indicated that the ESDM displayed the largest effect on IQ improvement (ES = 1.37, 95% CI: 0.95 to 1.80), while EIBI was more effective for symptom reduction (ES = −1.27, 95% CI: −1.96 to −0.58). Further, meta-regression suggested that interventions with parent involvement, higher intensity, and longer treatment hours yielded greater improvements in IQ and social adaptive functioning, respectively.
Conclusion:
The results demonstrate a positive association between CTMs and better prognosis in childhood, especially regarding symptoms, and language. However, most extant research involves small, non-randomized studies, preventing definitive conclusions from being drawn. Clearly, the outcomes of children with ASD are still far from normal, especially with respect to adaptive functioning, and the four mediating variables pertaining to treatment elements can affect their gains, including approach, implementer, intensity, and total treatment hours.
Systematic Review Registration:
www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO
, identifier CRD42019146859.
Most of the patients with gastric cancer in China have been at the middle and advanced stages during diagnostic and treatment with poor prognosis overall. Perioperative radiotherapy, chemotherapy, ...immune therapy and other comprehensive treatment methods for gastric cancer patients preoperative and intraoperation may reduce tumor staging, increase the rate of surgical resection and prolong the time of patient survival. Perioperative comprehensive treatment has developed more than 30 years in China. Many results from relevant research were gotten combined with laying down the consensus and guidelines, and applied to clinic in recent years. With the emergence and development of new technologies and new strategies for comprehensive treatment, perioperative comprehensive treatment and conversion therapy will improve at much extent the rate of survival for gastric cancer patients in China.
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