This paper is concerned with the phenomenon of knowledge and its institutionalization in the context of society and state. The analysis deals with two paradigms of knowledge, known in history of ...philosophy as the ancient and the modern one. On this basis, the institutionalization of knowledge is questioned as an inherent part of the conceptualization of knowledge, but at the same time, as the problem of alienation of the concept from the human frame of understanding it. Consequently, the reflection of the need for a new approach to the problem emerged and it is actually formulated in this work as the Humanological Management approach. This philosophical frame enables the Management of the (institutionalization of) knowledge on the socio-humanistic basis. In this context, the concept of knowledge as the most important human resource becomes theoretical, as well as practical framework of the Science for humans.
This article discusses the final volume of Heideggers Gesamtausgabe. It does so by contextualizing its main themes, that is, by relating it to other writings of Heidegger of roughly the same period. ...Three such themes can be discovered in Heideggers final writing: a discussion of the nature of phenomenology, the abandonment of the ontological difference and the relation between the thought of being and the discipline of theology. The essay concludes with a comparison of Heideggers thinking of Ereignis to how theology configured the relation between God and the human being, so arguing that Heidegger seemed more indebted to the tradition of theology that he at times could acknowledge.
The paper discusses the complex of ideas presented in the newest postmodernist book „Dé-coïncidence. D’où viennent l’art et l’existence?“ (“Non-coincidence. Where do art and existence come from?”) by ...an influential French sinologist and representative of philosophical comparativism François Jullien. In the paper, attention is paid , on the one hand, to the analysis of contemplated awareness, freedom, living differently, and, on the other, common, banal yet comforting everyday slavelike dependence on norms and unaware existence, as well as other fundamental ideas and categories developed by Jullien. The author of this paper demonstrates that F. Jullien, applying a typical poststructuralists deconstruction principle, gives particular meaning to the analysis of the language and the text. In so doing, he emphasizes that both biblical myths and seemingly common and unquestionable Western cultural truths can be viewed in a different light and be interpreted, not by applying well-established (usually unquestionable) models, but, instead, by analyzing the deepest semantic meanings of the language and the text, without which the understanding of reality is incomplete, if not wrong. At the end of the paper, a brief overview of F. Jullien’s innovative ideas is presented not only to take a new look at truths that have turned into dogmas, but also to, in a sense, shock society and open their eyes to a deeper and more aware form of existence.
René Girards Mimetic Theory has put forward a very compelling toolbox whose hermeneutical valour we are willing to test by reading Heideggers ontological wandering in the semantic constellation of ...Being. Finding a lead in Heideggers reading of dipus peripeties as presented in Sophocles dipus Rex, we will try to translate the fundamental notions of Heideggers critique of metaphysics into Girards jargon to see if any clarity is gained. It is time to go after Heidegger, both as in following him in his own wandering but also as in chasing him, out of his Holzwege, and eventually go further. Hopefully, some of the obscurities of Heideggers text will find in this perspective a new light, without losing any of its fascination.
The Problem of Perceptual Agreement Shech, Elay; Watkins, Michael
Croatian journal of philosophy,
2023, Letnik:
XXIII, Številka:
68
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
We present the problem of perceptual agreement (of determinate color) and submit that it proves to be a serious and long overlooked obstacle for those insisting that colors are not objective features ...of objects, viz., nonobjectivist theories like C. L. Hardins (2003) eliminativism and Jonathan Cohens (2009) relationalism.
This is the last part of the article dedicated to showing the significance of access to theory’s pre-conceptual origin for Heidegger’s thought: for the analysis of the existential structure and ...phenomenological-hermeneutical investigation of Western thought, which at the same time opens a new horizon of being. In this paper we will show that the result of this thinking is the unity of theory and practice. It is discovered equiprimordially with the unity of being and time at the beginning of Greek thought.
Empathy – Interpretation – (Interpreting) Apperception. Attempts to Explain Husserl’s First Steps Towards a Theory of Intersubjectivity. The aim of this paper is to investigate Husserl’s first steps ...towards a theory of intersubjectivity and his early attempts to solve the intricate questions pertaining to the constitution of alter ego. The starting point of this investigation is Husserl’s critical examination of the concept of empathy theorized by Th. Lipps and his contention that empathy cannot be a passive and rather quasi-instinctive activity of the ego, but must be grounded in a kind of analogy between my own body and that of the other. This first attempt to explain in phenomenological terms how an ego can be aware of and perceive other thigs as egos is marred by difficulties that force Husserl to constantly rethink the question of the constitution of the alter ego and propose new ways of conceiving the special kind of apperception that opens up the possibility of perceiving the others as alter egos.
H.-G. Gadameris: trys atu santykio rys Mickeviius, Arnas
LOGOS - A Journal of Religion, Philosophy, Comparative Cultural Studies and Art,
2023
116
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
For Gadamers philosophical hermeneutics, it was important to understand the meaning concerning the subject matter in the oral interpersonal plane and in the written tradition, reaching an agreement. ...The article aims to highlight the hermeneutic I-Thou relationship and distinguish it from relationships that can be treated as an obstacle in the process of hermeneutic understanding of meaning. In order to demonstrate this, the article draws attention to segments such as Geworfenheit, Wirkungsgeschitlichken Bewusstsein, Horizontverschmelzung etc. because they help to reveal in more detail not only the essence of the hermeneutic I-Thou relationship, but also its complexity. The article aims to justify the thesis that the hermeneutic understanding of meaning as Geschehen is based not only on intentional and the teleological attitudes of the Selfs consciousness, but implies what can be called an unintentional and involuntary occurence or event of meaning.
The aim of the article is to present and critically scrutinize the conception of existential feelings offered by the contemporary phenomenological philosopher of psychiatry Matthew Ratcliffe. ...Existential feelings are a special class of affective states that grant an emotional coloring to the subjective experience of reality. They are pre-reflective by nature and constitute the implicit background of phenomenal consciousness, which remains outside the scope of attention in everyday experience. These feelings are closely related to emotions, determining the types of intentional objects contained in emotional states and determining the repertoire of emotions that can be experienced. The most important existential feelings that Ratcliffe distinguishes are: (1) a sense of reality that is the pre-reflective and phenomenal impression that the world exist; (2) a sense of belonging that is the pre-reflective and phenomenal impression of ones own existence, embedded in the world among people and things. These two categories are fundamental components of the subjects firstperson experience, thereby determining his relationship to other people and to reality in its most general sense. In this article, I present the main features and types of existential feelings. I also pay attention to the special role of psychopathology in the analysis and justification of the existence of such feelings. Therefore, following Ratcliffe, I describe how certain aspects of existential feelings are disintegrated in mental disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. I also show the difference between the phenomenological and cognitive-behavioral approaches to mental disorders. Referring to neurobiological research, I try to indicate potential neural correlates of existential feelings. The text is completed with critical remarks on Matthew Ratcliffes concept of existential feelings. The identified flaws and shortcomings in Ratcliffes philosophical theory are held to suggest future prospects of its development.
One of the main questions in philosophy of logic is whether there is one logic or there are many logics. This question has been answered in many ways. Various answers have formed opposite ...standpoints: logical monism as against logical pluralism. Willard Van Orman Quine has been acknowledged as a representative of monism and Susan Haack of pluralism. Both standpoints are maintained now: monism (e.g. Michael Dummett, Graham Priest, Timothy Williamson) or pluralism (e.g. Jc Beall and Greg Restall, Johan van Benthem, Ottavio Bueno and Scott Shalkovski, Stewart Shapiro and Roy Cook). Monism is significantly less preferred than pluralism. In this article, the sources of pluralism in logic have been indicated (among other things, ambiguity of connectives in the natural language, various understanding of truth and of logical consequence). Argumentations of some representatives of this standpoint have been presented.
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