The authors propose to use the concurrent checking approach for two diagnostic parameters with preliminary compression of signals from the diagnosed objects outputs when synthesizing self-checking ...digital devices. A hybrid structure of a self-dual built-in control circuit is presented. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed structure are described. The main advantage of the proposed solution is the ability to reduce the structural redundancy of the self-checking device by using a compression circuit with a high detecting ability of the check circuit. As the main disadvantage, we emphasize the possibility of error concealment at the outputs of the signal compression elements. The paper discusses ways to eliminate the noted disadvantage in the form of circuitry methods. Experiments carried out with the MCNC Benchmarks system of combinational benchmarks have shown the high efficiency of the proposed approach for organizing built-in control circuits. We describe the features of the implementation of the proposed hybrid structure in the Logisim simulation environment, allowing other researchers to repeat the experiments and develop the results obtained.
The ultra-low power and low voltage is a significant requirement for the portable biomedical instrument. This paper proposed the bulk driven variable gain amplifier for the analog front end of ...digital hearing aid. The class AB operational Transconduce(OTA) Amplifier with bulk driven inputs is used with a non-tailed differential amplifier. Also graphical method g mb /I drain is used for designing aspect ratio of MOS transistor which is simplest compared to the analytical method. The total power dissipation is 6.5nW for a gain level at a gain of 31dB. The simulation is performed using SPICE in 0.18µm CMOS technology with supply voltage 0.25V.
In order to solve the global environmental and energy problems, Flux Switching Integrated Starter and Generator (FSISG) was applied to Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) application. The control circuits ...are vital for the FSISG system, which were designed and studied in this paper. The structure of the control circuits of FSISG system was introduced. Then the experimental studies were carried out based on the drivers which were made according to the designed control circuits. In generating mode, the output voltages of FSISG show a high precision and a well stability in wide rotational speed range. In starting mode, FSISG system shows a well dynamic performance under the different load conditions and load variation condition.
A CMOS bandgap voltage reference (BGR) with current-control circuits (CCC) design is proposed and simulated using Silterra 0.13μm CMOS technology. The CCCs is designed to suppress the total current ...at lower and higher temperatures. The proposed BGR utilizes curvature-corrected current generators that compensate the output voltage variation in the extended temperature range. The proposed circuit generates an output voltage of 1.1833V with a variation of 329μV within the temperature range of −50°C to 125°C. With a 2.5 V supply voltage, the BGR circuit was verified able to save power consumption by 12.6% compared with a circuit without the CCC.
Industrial heating furnaces can conduct simultaneously several different, often closely inter-related high temperature processes. When controlling such individual processes using local control loops ...mutual influence of these processes on each other should be taken into account. The need to take into account the interaction is particularly important in optimizing control loops as this influence is appears in displacement (drift) of static characteristics of optimized processes due to actions made in the process of disturbances from other control loops. Introduction of processes interaction makes additional requirements for the implementation of control loops for individual process parameters, including requirements for algorithms of optimizing paths. Authors had studied the behavior of the system of main control parameters optimization of the heating furnace in the presence of significant disturbance signals from the stabilizing paths when changing modes of operation the heating furnace. As a result of the researches lead algorithms of automatic optimization have been worked out, which successfully solve control task in the presence of the disturbances caused by the work of other control loops.
This paper shows the benefits of single action presses with hydraulic multipoint cushion systems. For these press systems new die concepts have been developed. A die with a specially designed elastic ...blankholder is presented. Further blankholder forces can be achieved by controllable nitrogen cylinders which are integrated in the die. Hydraulic cushion systems make it possible to build up closed-loop control circuits for the blankholder force. By this a robust deep drawing process can be achieved.
Automatic ration distribution system - A review Kurkute, Swapnil R.; Medhe, Chetan; Revgade, Ashlesha ...
2016 3rd International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development (INDIACom),
2016-March
Conference Proceeding
In the present days many immoral activities are taking place in ration shops, which are meant to distribute the commodities to the people who are in below the poverty line, as the distribution ...process is manually operated and due to which it consumes a lots of time. To overcome this problem we one can use RFID technology. In this paper RFID tags are introduced, The RFID cards are instead of ration cards, which consist of all the details about the card holder like family details, type of card and its validity etc. In this paper we are going to discuss different types of automatic ration distribution system implemented for the automatic ration distribution.
Asynchronous electrostatic generators have the advantage of omitting the control circuit used for synchronizing mechanical movements with electrical switching events, which results in simplified ...implementation. In this paper, an improved optimization procedure is proposed for this type of electrostatic generator and its performance in responding to different variations during the operation of the harvester is investigated. Power efficiency and simplicity are the main advantages of the proposed procedure, which is verified by simulation.
This paper presents a framework based on embedded SOC systems, which allows the testing and use of control algorithms implemented on FPGA circuits. For monitoring and parameterization a real-time ...Linux operating system was used. In this paper different methods for data exchange between the operating system and the control unit were introduced. The delay between the operating system and the control unit during the data exchange was studied and the measurement results discussed reflect the real-time functionality of the system.
Visceral feedback circuits in lower brainstem were elucidated with retrograde tracers by mapping neurons that issue local projections to the general visceral afferent division of the nucleus tractus ...solitarii (NTS) and dorsomotor vagal nucleus (DMX) in adult male rats. In study 1, spinal and intramedullary afferents to the visceral-sensorimotor complex (NTS-X) were traced to contiguous populations of cell bodies arranged in cylindrical segmental organization. NTS-X afferents derive from curvilinear arrays of neurons that parallel the efferent radiations of the solitariotegmental tract. Newly discovered afferents arise from circumscribed cell groups in the dorsal reticular formation and periventricular zone. Another source was traced to a paraambigual cell column in the apex of the rostral ventrolateral reticular nucleus (n.RVL). In study 2, catecholaminergic afferents were initially defined with combined retrograde transport-immunocytochemical methods. Deposits of retrograde tracers into NTS-X transported to neurons containing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the A1, C1, and C3 areas or phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) in the C1 area of the n.RVL and C3 area. In study 3, it was revealed that NTS-X afferents arise, in part, as collaterals of thoracic reticulospinal neurons. Deposits of the retrograde fluorescent tracer Fluorogold into the upper thoracic cord and rhodamine-labeled microbeads into NTS-X transported to the same neurons within a subambigual locus in n.RVL and parts of nucleus raphe magnus. In study 4, dual retrograde tracer-immunocytochemical analysis demonstrated that catecholamines are synthesized by a subset of neurons in the n.RVL that issue collaterals to the NTS-X and thoracic cord. Double retrogradely labeled TH- or PNMT-immunoreactive cell bodies were restricted to the C1 area within a 450-microns column bordered rostrally by the facial nucleus and ventrally by the medullary subpial surface. We conclude that visceral reflex arcs are reciprocally organized. Targets of NTS projection are also sources of local NTS-X afferent innervation. Catecholaminergic and other local afferents from reticular formation, periventricular, and spinal gray may, via collaterals, simultaneously modulate visceral reflex excitability at the level of NTS and the outflow of autonomic and respiratory motoneurons.
