We examine the impact of analyst coverage on corporate tax aggressiveness. To address endogeneity concerns, we perform a difference-in-differences analysis using a setting which causes exogenous ...decreases in analyst coverage. Our tests identify a negative causal effect of analyst coverage on tax aggressiveness, suggesting that higher analyst coverage constrains corporate tax aggressiveness. Further cross-sectional variation tests find that this constraining effect on tax aggressiveness is more pronounced in firms with lower investor recognition and firms with more opaque information environments. Our results are consistent with the notion that higher analyst coverage increases the visibility of aggressive tax planning behavior as well as heightens analysts’ demand for more transparent information, which in turn reduces tax aggressiveness.
Despite extensive research on the impact of corporate tax cuts on firm-level outcomes, their effects on worker health have yet to be examined. This study aims to address this research gap by ...utilizing individual-level panel data from the China Family Panel Studies between 2010 and 2018, and by exploiting exogenous shock in the corporate effective tax burden stemming from accelerated depreciation. Our results yield three key findings: first, that corporate tax cuts significantly reduce worker health; second, that this effect may be driven by increased working hours and poor health behaviors; third, that corporate tax cuts exacerbate health inequalities based on gender, education level, executive positions, and employed company. These findings shed light on the wider implications of tax incentives for corporate investment and contribute to stimulating interest in the welfare of workers in a global wave of tax cuts.
•This study fills a research gap by examining the impact of corporate tax cuts on worker health, which has not been previously explored in existing literature.•Utilizing individual-level panel data from the China Family Panel Studies between 2010 and 2018, the study examines the effects of an exogenous shock in the corporate effective tax burden stemming from accelerated depreciation.•The results of the study show that corporate tax cuts significantly reduce worker health, potentially due to increased working hours and poor health behaviors.•The results of the study have important implications for policymakers and highlight the need to consider the potential negative impacts of tax incentives for corporate investments on worker health, particularly in light of the global wave of tax cuts.
ABSTRACT Tax aggressiveness presents nontax risks to firms’ cash flow. Evaluating these risks requires information beyond the accounting function’s expertise, resulting in high processing costs to ...acquire and integrate risk information relevant to tax strategies. Managers can rationally adapt by making assumptions about risk information, potentially resulting in decision biases when evaluating the risk-reward tradeoff of tax aggressiveness. Using a novel regulatory setting in the U.S. insurance industry, I examine whether the adoption of mandated enterprise risk assessments updates managers’ prior beliefs about the nontax risks of tax aggressiveness. I find that as regulation requires managers to accept processing costs to acquire and integrate risk information, managers learn about previously underestimated nontax risks and significantly reduce tax aggressiveness. Results suggest that absent firm-wide internal risk information, managers can use aggressive tax positions without fully considering nontax risks. Data Availability: Data used in this study are available from public sources identified in the paper. JEL Classifications: G22; G32; H25; M41.
SUMMARY Using an international sample of firms from 31 countries, we study the relation between auditor quality and corporate tax aggressiveness. Employing an indicator variable for tax ...aggressiveness when the firm's corporate tax avoidance measure is within the top quintile of each country-industry combination, we find strong evidence that auditor quality is negatively associated with the likelihood of tax aggressiveness, even after controlling for other institutional determinants such as home-country tax system characteristics. We also find that the negative relation between auditor quality and the likelihood of tax aggressiveness is more pronounced in countries where investor protection is stronger, auditor litigation risk is higher, the audit environment is better, and capital market pressure is higher. JEL Classifications: M42; M48; H20; F30.
Environmental regulation may lead to firm's behavior changes. This article explores the effects of environmental regulation on corporate tax avoidance activities. Using China's new Environmental ...Protection Law as a quasi-natural experiment, we construct a difference-in-difference-in-differences(DDD) strategy for estimation. We find that environmental regulation will significantly increase the corporate tax avoidance activities in polluting industries in highly regulated cities. We further examine the heterogeneous effects of political connection, and find that political connection may promote corporate tax avoidance activities under stringent environmental regulation. The promoting effects are mainly due to the political connection with local governments rather than with central government.
•We explore the effects of environmental regulation on corporate tax avoidance activities for the first time.•Environmental regulation will increase the corporate tax avoidance activities in polluting industries in highly regulated cities.•Political connection may promote corporate tax avoidance activities under stringent environmental regulation.
Existe no Brasil uma linha de pesquisa consolidada que buscou identificar as proxies determinantes da agressividade fiscal das empresas listadas na B3. Contudo, nenhum desses estudos buscou ...identificar o instrumento utilizado pelas empresas brasileiras para realizar a agressividade fiscal. Portanto, esta pesquisa busca preencher essa lacuna ao demonstrar que a agressividade fiscal tem como fundamento a complexidade tributária brasileira que proporciona subsídios para evitar ou postergar o pagamento dos tributos. Além disso, este estudo é o primeiro estudo contábil a demonstrar que os parcelamentos especiais reduzem o valor presente dos tributos devidos pelos contribuintes incentivando-os à agressividade fiscal. Através dos fundamentos da Teoria dos Jogos, esta pesquisa demonstra o custo-benefício da agressividade fiscal na maximização do lucro da desobediência tributária. Foram examinadas as melhores decisões estratégicas no jogo da desobediência tributária diante da complexidade tributária e dos parcelamentos especiais vividos no Brasil. Verificou-se nesse jogo que o único equilíbrio de NASH é a desobediência tributária uma vez que é a única opção com alguma chance de remuneração. Portanto, esta pesquisa contribui substancialmente para compreensão do comportamento empresarial diante das características tributárias brasileiras, bem como fornece subsídios para incentivar uma reforma tributária que reduz a complexidade tributária atual.
Exploiting the German 2008 tax reform we employ an event study design to assess the effects of local corporate taxes on stock prices. We match firms to the local tax rates at their respective ...headquarters and analyze the differential stock market responses to the reform decision. We find that firms which are located in high tax jurisdictions and therefore face a possible high tax reduction significantly outperform firms in low tax jurisdictions during the decision-making process. The results indicate that firm owners partially bear the burden of local corporate taxes.
Purpose This research aimed to determine the effect of the effective tax rate in public company investment in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach The research was conducted using firm data during ...2008-2020 and considered the long-term investment concept. Meanwhile, the cross-section of 672 companies and the ordinary least square technique were used to get the estimation. Findings The estimation result showed that the effective tax rate has significant negative effect on fixed asset investment. If effective tax rate decrease, it can be because the company gets tax rate reduction incentives, conduct accelerated depreciation, fiscal reconciliation on the financial statement which can increase fixed asset investments. Moreover, the estimation also showed that the age of the company is able to strengthen the relationship between effective tax rate and company investment. The difference in domestic and foreign companies does not affect the elasticity ETR toward investment. Research limitations/implications Based on the estimation result mentioned, it is expected to provide guidance in implementing incentive tax, which can encourage public company investment. Originality/value There are many studies on the effect of income tax rates, but the results cannot be used specifically in Indonesia since the tax sensitivity may be different based on the development level of the country and the characteristics of the company.
Global economic integration intensified tax competition and raised concerns about the resulting "race to the bottom", which could undermine public investment and social spending. The aim of this ...paper is to test predictions that (i) there is interdependence in CIT rate setting in Eastern Europe and that (ii) the recent CIT cut in Moldova may intensify tax competition in the region. It finds that there is indeed evidence that during 1995-2006 countries in Eastern Europe strategically responded to changes in CIT rates in the region and that Moldovan zero CIT is likely to encourage further cuts in CIT. The paper also discusses implications of tax competition for Eastern Europe and finds that FDI flows will not be much affected, tax revenues are likely to decline, the shift in the composition in tax revenue may increase economic efficiency, but decrease equity. Tax coordination, while difficult politically, could help stem further decline in corporate taxation, but any gains might be modest and not certain to exceed the costs of tax coordination. Without tax coordination, however, it is unclear what exactly could stop corporate taxes from falling further.
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