Language is the most important means of communication between people, a tool that enables the transfer of ideas to others. In addition, language is the mirror of national culture and a treasure that ...protects it. The nature of the lands where each nation lives reflects the economic, social, cultural and spiritual system, oral creativity, fiction, art, science and tradition of that nation and collects them and transfers them from generation to generation. Transferring the language to future generations is also a national-cultural duty. The service of the language is also great in the development and learning of wise expressions such as proverbs, idioms, aphorisms, which appear as short and meaningful logical generalizations that act verbally. Every proverb and saying is considered the verdict of the people. They either confirm or deny something. One of the most common and extensive genres of Uzbek folklore is the epic. In this regard, examining the linguistic features of proverbs in epic texts (“Alpomish” and “Yodgor”) which are popular among the public from various aspects is considered one of the urgent problems of Uzbek linguistics.
The study explores the origin of the surnames Bagryzlov, Badryzlov currently owned by several hundred Russians. At present, these are mostly spread in the south of the Tyumen region and in adjacent ...territories which is where the surname Badryzlov first appears in historical documents in the first half of the 18th century. According to these sources, the surname indicates a relation to Cossacks. The geographical and linguistic analysis of the variants of the surname undertaken by the author with consideration of close evidence from Russian dialectal appellative vocabulary and onomastics (including those territories that were historically associated with the Cossacks) confirmed the “Cossack” origin of these surnames. According to the author’s hypothesis, they go back to the South Russian Cossack nickname from the appellative *badryzglo which meant either a reveler who likes to drink heavily or, conversely, a weak, sick, old person. In the first case, the surnames can be traced back immediately to the verb dryzgat’ ‘to drink alcoholic beverages immoderately,’ whilst in the second case, the surnames must be considered in relation to the verb’s derivatives meaning ‘something broken, crumbling, worthless.’ The research is at the junction of onomastics and dialect lexicology: apart from the surnames Bagryzlov, Badryzlov, it covers the etymology of a number of close common dialectal words (bagryza, bagryzlo, bagryzya) and reconstructed forms (*badryzlo, *badryzya). Looking into the etymology of the Ural and Siberian surnames, the author specifies two main ways of how South Russian Cossack vocabulary could penetrate the dialects of the Urals and Trans-Urals. Firstly, there is documentary evidence that Cossack daughters were often married to local peasants and citizens, secondly, the decossackizations periodically carried out in the Russian Empire led to the fact that many Cossacks finally stopped participating in military activities and became peasants or citizens.
This investigation contributes to issues in the study of second language transmission by considering the well-documented historical case of Anglo-Norman. Within a few generations of the establishment ...of this variety, its phonology diverged sharply from that of continental French, yet core syntactic distinctions continued to be reliably transmitted. The dissociation of phonology from syntax transmission is related to the age of exposure to the language in the experience of ordinary users of the language. The input provided to children acquiring language in a naturalistic communicative setting, even though one of a school institution, enabled them to acquire target-like syntactic properties of the inherited variety. In addition, it allowed change to take place along the lines of transmission by incrementation. A linguistic environment combining the 'here-and-now' aspects of ordinary first language acquisition with the growing cognitive complexity of an educational meta-language appears to have been adequate for this variety to be transmitted as a viable entity that encoded the public life of England for centuries.
•Overview of scholarly approaches to traditional English dialect features.•EDD Online allowing for quantification of dialect features.•Research on English dialect features has generally been ...selective.•Joseph Wright’s EDD still the best source on Late Modern English dialects.•The hierarchy of types of dialect features, with a focus on pragmatic features.
Scholars have traditionally described dialects in a selective way by identifying individual, supposedly characteristic, features in a certain area. However, modern dialectology ambitiously claims to depict dialectal areas holistically by simultaneously attributing a large number of important features to geographical space and measuring the difference between dialectal areas. In the face of this quantifying challenge, which some scholars refer to as ‘dialectometry,’ the question of how these features can be defined and found has arisen within the last few decades. This overview article presents a detailed state of the art, drawing on traditional dialectology as well as variationist and recent ‘dialectometrical’ approaches. The question of dialect feature retrieval is answered with the help of the English Dialect Dictionary Online, which is based on Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary (1898–1905) and has been generally accessible since 2019. The paper is an empirical demonstration of how dialectology could benefit from a new tool and from resultant methods of analysis.
On archaic oxytonesis in Slovene Ter dialect Kapović, Mate
Slovenski jezik (Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti. Znanstvenoraziskovalni center),
2023, Letnik:
15, Številka:
15
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The paper discusses the oxytonic mokȁ ‘flour’, bradȁ ‘beard’ type accent in the central Prosnid–Porčinj–Subid belt of the Ter dialect based on the material from Janoš Ježovnik‘s 2022 monograph. This ...type of accent is often interpreted in Slovenian accentology and dialectology as being innovative because the retraction of the short accent from a final open syllable to a preceding length is usually regarded as a Common Slovene innovation. This type of accent is found in the following types of forms: words like mokȁ, words like gensg kjučȁ, words like vinȍ, adjectives like mladȁ and participles like treslȁ (the oldest speakers still seem to preserved inconsistent length in these forms). The progressive shift of the *jùžina ‘lunch’ > Porčinj južȅ̥na type is clearly a distinct process and the infinitival opposition of *pećȉ but *rásti (with the innovative accent in the second longroot type) is to be connected with a typical Kajkavian-Čakavian-Western Štokavian non-phonetic ‘retraction’ of accent in certain forms (such as the infinitive). The author concludes that central (Prosnid–Porčinj–Subid) Ter dialects (and some other Slovene dialects like Kobarid) preserve the old Slavic final accent in open syllables even after the originally long root.
The expression of motion events has been examined in standard dialects of typologically distinct languages, but the effect of dialect-based variation remains relatively unexamined. The present study ...focused on Chinese—a relatively understudied language—asking whether patterns of motion expression differed between its two dialects, Mandarin and Babao. We examined motion descriptions produced by adult native speakers of Mandarin (n = 15; Mage = 20) and Babao (n = 14; Mage = 65), who first watched and then described animated motion events with salient manner and path components (e.g., “crawl across carpet”) in a structured interview format. The results showed differences between the two dialects in patterns of motion expression. Mandarin showed a greater preference for conflated descriptions by synthesizing manner and path components into a single clause typically in a serial verb construction (e.g., “crawl-pass carpet”). Babao speakers, in contrast, showed a greater preference for separated expressions, expressing each component in separate clauses (e.g., “crawl,” “pass carpet”). These patterns were accompanied by greater use other linguistic elements (i.e., deixis) among Babao speakers, thus allowing them to further specify path in their motion descriptions. Overall, our study highlights dialect as an important source of variability in the expression of motion events.
The paper summarizes nine decades of the Slovenská reč journal with a thematic focus on regional dialects and their scholarly reflection in the texts published therein. First and foremost, it ...presents articles of a dialectological nature but, in justified cases, attention is also paid to articles from other linguistic areas or approaches, as long as they bring relevant information about dialects (their reception and evaluation, development and functioning). As the results of the analysis show, the golden era of dialectology and dialects in the journal was the period of the 1970s through the 1990s, when not only the number of dialectologically oriented contributions increased but their material relevance, interpretive plausibility, and thus overall scholarly value intensified.
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