Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic and the implemented lockdown strongly impact on everyone’s daily life. Stressful situations are known to alter eating habits and increase the risk for obesity. In our ...study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the lockdown measures on nutrition behavior among young adults.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled 1964 voluntary participants from Bavarian universities. All participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire, semi-quantitatively evaluating the amount and type of food before and during pandemic lockdown. Study subjects were inquired to give information about acquisition and food procurement. The primary outcome was the change in food amount, secondary outcomes included alterations of food composition and procurement.
Results
Our study cohort (mean age 23.3 ± 4.0 years, 28.5% male) had a mean body mass index of 22.1 ± 4.5 kg/m
2
. The overall food amount increased in 31.2% of participants (
n
= 610) during lockdown and decreased in 16.8% (
n
= 328). A multinominal regression model revealed that an increased food intake was less likely in male participants (OR, 0.7 CI 0.6–0.9) and more likely with increasing BMI (OR, 1.4 CI 1.3–2.0), increased sports activity (OR, 1.3 CI 1.2–1.8), augmented mental stress (OR 1.4 1.1–1.7), and an alteration of alcohol consumption (reduced alcohol amount, OR, 1.4 CI 1.1–1.7, increased alcohol, OR, 1.9 CI 1.4–2.5). Increase in food intake was mainly triggered by consumption of bread (increased in 46.8%,
n
= 284) and confectionary (increased in 64.4%,
n
= 389).
Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown significantly affected eating habits in young adults. Further investigation to evaluate long-term effects on weight change and comorbidities are warranted.
BACKGROUND: India is a developing country where malnutrition is the most common problems; we are dealing with emerging problems of consumption of convenience food and street food. These foods are ...easily available, awesome taste, have some packages and advertisements which attracts the new generations and skipping meals starts. Adolescent girls are getting the problems of overweight, underweight, thyroid disorders, anemia, and other hematological disorders. Ultimate aim of this research is to find out an association about between dietary habits and menstrual disorders in adolescent girls.
METHODOLOGY: An observational study was carried out in adolescent girls of MGM School, Navi Mumbai, India, from October 2021 to December 2021, to find out the relation between dietary pattern verses menstrual disorders among adolescent girls. Numerical pain scale, modified women's health questionnaire, and daily diary were used to collect data from 100 adolescent girls. Nonprobability purposive sampling technique was used to select adolescent girls.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 24.0 software.
RESULTS: The average age of menarche was 12.9 ± 2.7 years. The study showed that girls experienced moderate menstrual pain (54%), severe menstrual pain (21%), and premenstrual symptoms in 36% of adolescence girls. More than 42% of participants were eating street food and many of the girls had habits of skipping the meals in the afternoon. It was found that there was a significant association between dietary habits and menstrual problems (P ≤ 0.0001). The correlation coefficient between dietary habits and menstrual disorders was identified as r = 0.7 with P < 0.05.
CONCLUSION: The menstrual disorders were arising problems among girls of schools of Navi Mumbai. Daily intake of appropriate amount of protein, CHO, fat, vitamins, and minerals can help reduce menstrual problems facing by adolescent girls.
The Covid-19 pandemic led to lockdowns in several parts of the world and, hence, changed some daily habits, including social interactions, the ability to perform sports, and-possibly-diet. The ...Italian government established and promulgated lockdown policies on 9 March 2020. We aim at assessing the effects of Covid-19-induced confinement policies on self-reported food consumption of self-selected Italians by means of a questionnaire that was created and diffused by the Internet. Nearly half, i.e., 49.6% of responders did not substantially modify their diet during the lockdown; however, 46.1% of them reported that they were eating more during confinement, and 19.5% gained weight. In particular, we report an increase in "comfort food" consumption, notably chocolate, ice-cream, and desserts (42.5%) and salty snacks (23.5%). In addition, 42.7% percent of this cohort attributed this increase to higher anxiety levels. Related to this, 36.8% of responders reported a decrease in alcohol consumption, even though 10.1% of them reported an increase. Interestingly, 21.2% of responders increased their consumption of fresh fruit and vegetables. Only 33.5% of those who declared decreased consumption attributed this change of diet to lower availability and ease of purchasing such items. Equally interesting, over half of responders, i.e., 56.2%, admitted that fruit and vegetables did not appeal to them while in lockdown. Purchases of ready-made meals were reduced by nearly 50%. Future large-scale similar studies should be undertaken worldwide and will help public health authorities shape their reactions to future, unavoidable pandemics.
One of the factors that support an athlete's success in a match includes the compatibility of somatotype with the sport. This study aimed to determine the correlation between dietary habits and ...physical activity with the somatotype of game sports athletes. The design is a cross-sectional study. The study was held from February 2019 until May 2020. Sampling is using comprehensive selection which the samples amounted to 37 athletes. Anthropometric measurements carried out research data collection, interviews using the SQ-FFQ form, and Baecke physical activity scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate. The results showed that most soccer athletes (94.1%) and all takraw athletes (100%) have unsuitable somatotype categories, most soccer athletes (82.4%), and all takraw athletes (100%) have severe physical activity. Most soccer athletes (76.5%) and more than half of takraw athletes (55%) have poor dietary habits. The average somatotype of respondents is ectomorph, with the body's unique characteristics that tend to be thin. When intake is less than intake requirements, strenuous physical activity can cause the body to grow to be light. Respondents are advised to consume information as intake requirements to adjust the training scheme by adding weight training to the forming of athlete's muscle mass and to place nutritionists in PPLP.
The influence of diets on plasma homocysteine levels in felines COTUL, Mihaela; CERNEA, Mihai; CĂTANĂ, Laura ...
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine,
11/2020, Letnik:
77, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Epidemiological and clinical studies in humans established the relationship between homocysteine (Hcy) level in plasma and cardiovascular, kidney and liver diseases. In veterinary medicine, the ...results regarding Hcy are questionable due to conflicting and rare data. The relationship between the metabolism of Hcy and the nutritional principles of different diets can lead in the future to a real prevention of cardiovascular diseases by simply managing the food of predisposed and elderly animals. The present study aims at comparing two types of diets over a period of 9 months (commercial CD and homemade HMD) on the feline plasma Hcy. Analyzing comparatively the results obtained from the determination of serum Hcy values on the initial diets (t0) and after 9 months of diet (t1), we can observe the decrease of these values both in group test I, which switched from a CD to a HMD, as well as in group test 2, which maintained a CD but switched from a lower quality food to a higher quality one. This fact demonstrates not only the benefits of a home-made diet, but also the need to diversify and combine the commercial one to satisfy the nutritional requirements of the feline organism.
To explore the causal relationship between dietary habits and five major mental disorders using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.
This study was based on the summary data of the ...genome-wide association study (GWAS) on diet and five major mental disorders in the European population. The genetic locus data of five major mental disorders (mania, bipolar disorder, manic depression, depression, schizophrenia) from those who never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, and sugar were used. Two-sample MR analysis was conducted to evaluate the causal relationship between diet and five major mental disorders.
This study revealed a causal relationship between “Never eat Wheat products” and all five types of mental disorders (mania, bipolar disorder, manic depression, depression, schizophrenia), demonstrating a significant negative correlation (P < 0.05). However, no significant causal relationship was observed between “Never eat Sugar or foods/drinks containing sugar” and any of the five mental disorders (P > 0.05). Furthermore, the study found that the statement “Never eat eggs, dairy, wheat, sugar: I eat all of the above” had a causal relationship with mania, bipolar disorder, and manic depression, showing a significant positive correlation (P < 0.05). However, this statement did not exhibit a significant causal relationship with depression and schizophrenia (P > 0.05).
There was a negative correlation between never eating wheat products and the five mental disorders (mania, bipolar disorder, manic depression, depression, schizophrenia), indicating that never eating wheat products may reduce the risk of mental disorders.
•The causal relationship between dietary habits and five major mental disorders were explored.•The results show that never eating wheat products has a negative correlation with the five mental disorders.•Our findings could potentially inform the development of interventions to prevent and treat mental disorders.
Background
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is common with a global prevalence of 4%. Dietary regimes with a low content of fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyol (FODMAP) or a starch- ...and sucrose-reduced diet (SSRD) have proven to be efficient. The aim of the present study was to describe the recruitment process for a randomized dietary trial with low FODMAP or SSRD for 4 weeks with a follow-up period of 5 months.
Methods
The County of Skåne, with 1,41 million inhabitants, was used as a base to perform a dietary trial in which IBS patients, age 18-70 years, were randomized to either low FODMAP or SSRD for 4 weeks. The estimated number of IBS patients in the actual age span was approximately 32,000. The trial was announced through lectures, letters to all primary healthcare centers (n=203), social media (two campaigns), and invitations to IBS patients identified in medical records (n=744).
Results
Three referrals arrived from the healthcare system, 17 patients contacted the investigators in person after receiving information from their healthcare center, and four patients contacted the investigators after recommendations from friends. Of these, 14 were enrolled in the study. From social media, 218 names were delivered, of which 93 fulfilled the study criteria and were willing to participate when contacted by the investigators (42.7%). Of the 3587 identified IBS patients in medical records in close proximity to the hospital, 744 were randomly contacted. Forty-eight patients (6.5 %) were willing to be included in the study. Thus, 155 patients with IBS were included in this study.
Conclusions
The inclusion rate for dietary intervention was very low considering the large population informed about the study. Announcements on social media seem to be the best way to recruit patients for intervention.
Trial registration
NCT05192603, 29/11/2021,
ClinicalTrials.gov. The PRS URL is
https://register.clinicaltrials.gov
Abstract
The neurovascular unit (NVU) is composed of neurons, glial cells, and blood vessels. NVU dysfunction involves the processes of neuroinflammation, and microcirculatory disturbances, as well ...as neuronal injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Traditional anti-inflammatory drugs have limited efficacy in improving the prognosis of TBI. Thus, treatments that target NVU dysfunction may provide a breakthrough. A large number of clinical studies have shown that the nutritional status of patients with TBI was closely related to their conditions and prognoses. Nutrient complexes and complementary therapies for the treatment of TBI are therefore being implemented in many preclinical studies. Importantly, the mechanism of action for this treatment may be related to repair of NVU dysfunction by ensuring adequate omega-3 fatty acids, curcumin, resveratrol, apigenin, vitamins, and minerals. These nutritional supplements hold promise for translation to clinical therapy. In addition, dietary habits also play an important role in the rehabilitation of TBI. Poor dietary habits may worsen the pathology and prognosis of TBI. Adjusting dietary habits, especially with a ketogenic diet, may improve outcomes in patients with TBI. This article discusses the impact of clinical nutrition on NVU dysfunction after TBI, focusing on nutritional complexes and dietary habits.
Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with a high risk of fracture due to low bone mineral density (BMD). While hypogonadism is known to play a role in decreasing BMD, other factors have not been ...studied well. Focusing on diet, exercise, and bone metabolism markers, the present, multicentric, prospective, observational study aimed to identify factors contributing to decreased BMD in TS. In total, 48 patients with TS aged between 5 and 49 years comprising a pre-pubertal group (n = 9), a cyclical menstruation group (n = 6), and a hormone replacement therapy (HRT) group (n = 33) were enrolled. The cyclical menstruation group and the HRT group were referred to collectively as the post-pubertal group. The bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) Z-score was higher in the pre-pubertal group than in the post-pubertal group (–0.3 SD vs. –1.8 SD; p = 0.014). Within the post-pubertal group, the median BMAD Z-score was –0.2 SD in the cyclical menstruation group and –2.3 SD in the HRT group (p = 0.016). Spearman’s rank correlation revealed no correlation between the BMAD Z-score and bone metabolism markers. No significant relationship was observed between the BMAD Z-score and either the vitamin D sufficiency rate or the step sufficiency rate. A negative correlation was found between BMAD Z-score and serum sclerostin in the pre-pubertal group and serum FSH in the post-pubertal group. In conclusion, the present study found no relationship between the vertebral BMAD Z-score and diet or exercise habits in TS, indicating that estrogen deficiency is the chief reason for low BMD in TS.
Objective To explore the relationship between spicy food intake during pregnancy and sleep quality after cesarean section (CS) in order to provide reference for early postoperative recovery. Methods ...A total of 332 clinical cases who underwent elective CS in our hospital from May 2018 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the frequency of spicy food consumption during pregnancy, the patients were divided into the frequency of spicy food consumption < 2 days/week (group A) and frequency of ≥2 days /week (group B). Propensity score matching (PSM), logistic regression and subgroup analysis were used to analyze the effects of different frequency of spicy food consumption on severe sleep disorders after CS. Results After confound adjustment by PSM, 114 patients in each group were included in the analysis. The results showed that the incidences of sleep disorders and severe sleep disorders on the night after surgery were 83.3 % and 26.3 % respectively, in group B, which were higher than those in gr
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