Chapters 1, 3 and 5 available Open Access under CC-BY-NC-ND license.
Safeguarding adults at risk of abuse or neglect is a core area of social work practice but knowledge of how social workers make ...adult safeguarding decisions is limited.
Applying recent sociological and ethnographic research to this area for the first time, this book considers how adult safeguarding practice is developing, with a focus on risk management. The author explores how social workers conduct safeguarding adults assessments, work with multiple agencies and involve service users in risk decisions. The book is essential reading for those wishing to understand how risk and uncertainty are managed within frontline adult social work and how current practice can be improved.
Young people with intellectual disability seem to be more vulnerable on the Internet than youth in general. Therefore, it is important to investigate not only their strategies for managing negative ...online experiences but also how they experience Internet-related support. This study applies a qualitative and interpretative approach drawing on individual and pair interviews with pupils in upper secondary special programme schools in Sweden. A thematic analysis resulted in the following themes: 'a lesson to be learned', 'the important role of siblings', 'the dilemma of support' and 'negotiation of control'. With regard to negative online experiences, strategies for managing privacy, safety and risky situations are understood as problem-focused coping and efforts to manage external/internal demands. The central role of social networks is emphasised with regard to Internet-related support. It is concluded that online restrictions may discourage open dialogue. A perspective of positive risk-taking, focusing on opportunities rather than risks, is advocated.
Points of interest
This article investigates the participants' perspectives in their own words. The key contribution of the paper is finding out how young people with intellectual disability in Sweden handle negative online experiences and how they experience Internet-related support.
The study highlights a range of themes from lessons learned and sibling relationships to problems of support and control that reflect many social and individual characteristics.
The participants use different coping strategies to handle negative online experiences. They seem to manage privacy and safety on their own and refuse control in risky situations.
With regard to Internet-related support, the participants prefer turning to their social network (family and friends) rather than public authorities (teachers in school).
This type of research is important because it focuses on young people with intellectual disability and their vulnerability online as well as the development opportunities for Internet-related support.
This open access book marks the first historical overview of the autism rights branch of the neurodiversity movement, describing the activities and rationales of key leaders in their own words since ...it organized into a unique community in 1992. Sandwiched by editorial chapters that include critical analysis, the book contains 19 chapters by 21 authors about the forming of the autistic community and neurodiversity movement, progress in their influence on the broader autism community and field, and their possible threshold of the advocacy establishment. The actions covered are legendary in the autistic community, including manifestos such as “Don’t Mourn for Us”, mailing lists, websites or webpages, conferences, issue campaigns, academic project and journal, a book, and advisory roles. These actions have shifted the landscape toward viewing autism in social terms of human rights and identity to accept, rather than as a medical collection of deficits and symptoms to cure.
Objectives: People with intellectual disability, particularly people with Down syndrome, are at an increased risk for early-onset dementia, in comparison to people without an intellectual disability. ...The aim of this review was to scope the current landscape of post-diagnostic dementia supports for people with intellectual disability.
Method: A systematic search of five electronic databases (CINAHL, Medline, PsycArticles, PsycInfo and Web of Science) was conducted for this scoping review. Results were screened independently by two reviewers, with a third reviewer for arbitration where necessary.
Results: Forty-two studies met the inclusion criteria, and relevant information was extracted. The articles included focussed on the experiences of people with intellectual disability and dementia, as well as the role of carers, family members and staff. Key themes included ageing in place, environmental supports for people with intellectual disability and dementia, dementia-specific interventions and therapies, as well as the feasibility of these interventions. Besides the studies that focussed on these themes, other studies focussed on staff training and family supports.
Conclusion: This review highlights the importance of implementing timely and appropriate post-diagnostic supports for people living with intellectual disability and dementia. More controlled trials are required on post-diagnostic dementia supports for people with intellectual disability.
Previous research suggests that participation in the arts and/or disability arts can positively influence individuals' affirmation, or a positive embracement, of a disability identity; however, until ...more recently, persons with intellectual disabilities have not been included in this research to the same extent as their peers with physical or sensory disabilities. This article contributes to the increasing empirical consideration of intellectual disability identity among professional artists. Data were collected via two focus groups, one with five performing artists and the second with five visual artists, as well as follow-up, individual interviews with 8 of the artists. Key findings were identified via thematic analysis. Findings show affirmation of an intellectual disability identity emerged as a stronger theme among performing artists than visual artists. Additional themes related to confidence development, peer relationships and demonstrations of capability supported the notion that professional art practice can foster the affirmation of an intellectual disability identity.
Points of interest
This research is about artists with intellectual disabilities and the "affirmative model" of disability. This model means thinking that disability is a good part of someone's identity.
Other research about how disability can be a good part of someone's identity has focused on different types of disability. All participants in this research had intellectual disabilities.
This paper describes the words and ideas that artists shared in two group discussions and individual interviews. Nobody else spoke for them.
All performing artists said that intellectual disability was a good part of their identity. Some of the visual artists did not think it was a good part of their identity.
Making art helped artists feel confident, make friends, and show what they could do.
Making art helped some participants feel good about themselves and their intellectual disability. This means art can be connected to a positive identity for people with intellectual disabilities.
The article presents the information about the international scientific and practical conference “Special Education and Socio-Cultural Integration – 2022: Traditions and Innovations” that was held on ...14–15 October 2022. The conference continues the tradition of annual scientific and practical conferences devoted to the problems of special (defectologic) education, to the formation of a unified scientific, educational and information space in the field of correctional (special) pedagogy and psychology, and to providing a comprehensive medical, social, psychological and pedagogical approach to the support of the disabled.
Triboelectric nanogenerators show great potential as flexible motion transducers for wearable human-machine interfaces (HMI). The present research explores a new configuration named Non-Attached ...Electrode-Dielectric Triboelectric Sensor (NEDTS) and its application in specialized HMI to support people with disabilities in daily life. In this topology, the conductive electrodes are not bonded to the dielectric materials by any coating or sputtering process. Instead, due to the triboelectric interaction between the two elements in motion, voltage is generated in a separate conductor by non-contact electrostatic induction. This allows a near field remote sensing using triboelectric/electrostatic coupling. By applying the mentioned sensing technique, an Orbicularis Oculi muscle motion sensor has been developed to monitor voluntary and involuntary eye blinks. The new transducer is integrated into a portable HMI for hands-free computer cursor control to assist people with mobility impairment. The conceived device was also tested in other applications as hands-free remote car and drone control, and for monitoring driving behaviour. Additionally, a PDMS-based eyelid motion sensor has been tested to feature other virtues of the NEDTS when sensing unconventional motion dynamics.
Display omitted
•The designed TENG allows wireless near field remote sensing of eye motion.•The Triboelectric/electrostatic eye motion HMI applied in hand-free computer control.•Eye monitoring for drone and remote car control, and fatigue/drowsiness detection.•The eye motion HMI helps social and technological inclusion of handicapped people.
•Updated systematic review on health checks for people with intellectual disabilities.•Health checks lead to detection of both common and serious unmet health needs.•Health checks lead to targeted ...actions to address health needs.•Health checks may increase knowledge of health professionals and support staff.
Health checks for people with intellectual disabilities have been recommended as one component of international health policy responses to the poorer health of people with intellectual disabilities. This review updates a previously published review summarising evidence on the impact of health checks on the health and well-being of people with intellectual disabilities. Electronic literature searches and email contacts were used to identify literature relevant to the impact of health checks for people with intellectual disabilities published from 1989 to 2013. Forty-eight publications were identified, of which eight articles and two reports were newly identified and not included in the previous review. These involved checking the health of people with intellectual disabilities from a range of countries including a full range of people with intellectual disabilities. Health checks consistently led to detection of unmet health needs and targeted actions to address health needs. Health checks also had the potential to increase knowledge of the health needs of people with intellectual disabilities amongst health professionals and support staff, and to identify gaps in health services. Health checks are effective in identifying previously unrecognised health needs, including life threatening conditions. Future research should consider strategies for optimising the cost effectiveness or efficiency of health checks.
•A survey of assistive devices dedicated to visually impaired people.•Strengths and limitations of the analyzed assistive devices.•Evaluation criterions established with the help of the blind ...community.•Possible short/medium term axes of research that can improve existing frameworks.
Recent statistics of the World Health Organization (WHO), published in October 2017, estimate that more than 253 million people worldwide suffer from visual impairment (VI) with 36 million of blinds and 217 million people with low vision. In the last decade, there was a tremendous amount of work in developing wearable assistive devices dedicated to the visually impaired people, aiming at increasing the user cognition when navigating in known/unknown, indoor/outdoor environments, and designed to improve the VI quality of life. This paper presents a survey of wearable/assistive devices and provides a critical presentation of each system, while emphasizing related strengths and limitations. The paper is designed to inform the research community and the VI people about the capabilities of existing systems, the progress in assistive technologies and provide a glimpse in the possible short/medium term axes of research that can improve existing devices. The survey is based on various features and performance parameters, established with the help of the blind community that allows systems classification using both qualitative and quantitative measu.res of evaluation. This makes it possible to rank the analyzed systems based on their potential impact on the VI people life.
Kenny Fries embarks on a journey of profound self-discovery as a disabled foreigner in Japan, a society historically hostile to difference. As he visits gardens, experiences Noh and butoh, and meets ...artists and scholars, he also discovers disabled gods, one-eyed samurai, blind chanting priests, and A-bomb survivors. When he is diagnosed as HIV positive, all his assumptions about Japan, the body, and mortality are shaken, and he must find a way to reenter life on new terms.
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