Esta reseña comenta la obra Lectura distante de Franco Moretti, publicada por Fondo de Cultura Económica en 2015 con traducción del inglés de Lilia Mosconi. En ella, el autor recopila diez ensayos en ...los que propone la lectura distante como un nuevo método para analizar cuantitativamente la historia de la literatura.
This chapter describes PALAVRAS-DIP, a system for the automatic identification of characters and their social profiles in Portuguese and Brazilian literature. The system has been designed as an ...add-on module for a morphosyntactic and semantic parser. We tag human named entities (NE) for profession and social position, and use Constraint Grammar (CG relational tags to keep track of co-reference (e.g. pronoun anaphora, zero-subject verbs) and family reations between the characters. The resulting base annotation allows the extraction of character networks. The extraction program recognizes and bundles character name variants and distinguishes between names with a narrative function and simple cultural references. System development was motivated by DIP, a shared-task evaluation on 100 historical novels, where a prototype version achieved reasonable F-scores for character identification (63.4%) and alias resolution (68.1%), but underperformed for family relations (15.5%).
Before seeing a patient for the first time, healthcare workers will typically conduct a comprehensive clinical chart review of the patient's electronic health record (EHR). Within the diverse ...documentation pieces included there, text notes are among the most important and thoroughly perused segments for this task; and yet they are among the least supported medium in terms of content navigation and overview. In this work, we delve deeper into the task of clinical chart review from a data visualization perspective and propose a hybrid graphics+text approach via ChartWalk , an interactive tool to support the review of text notes in EHRs. We report on our iterative design process grounded in input provided by a diverse range of healthcare professionals, with steps including: (a) initial requirements distilled from interviews and the literature, (b) an interim evaluation to validate design decisions, and (c) a task-based qualitative evaluation of our final design. We contribute lessons learned to better support the design of tools not only for clinical chart reviews but also other healthcare-related tasks around medical text analysis.
The use of statistical text-mining to investigate the linguistic structure of textual resources has received limited attention in digital art history. In this paper the question I address is that of ...what text-mining titles as given in metadata can tell us about the history of modern and contemporary art. To investigate this question I constructed a dataset from the metadata for over 170,000 artworks, drawing on the online collections of 133 art museums in 30 countries. The use of topic modelling, parts-of-speech tagging and word counting allows me to identify large-scale and long-run patterns in the language used in the titles of those artworks. I set out an art historical reading of those patterns in which artistic interests signalled by the language used in titles come and go and are re-inflected, epistemic perspectives on the kinds of knowledge art can or should engender change, and artists engage with the ways that the title functions. My ‘distant’ reading is consistent with the canonical history of modern and contemporary art and cuts across the particularities of artist, period or movement which often feature in such accounts, providing a fresh perspective on that history. It also complements and extends the scholarship on the history of titles in the visual arts. The analytical framework and the dataset I have developed are not limited to answering the question addressed in this paper, and I consider some of the possibilities for future work.
Visual Text Analysis in Digital Humanities Jänicke, S.; Franzini, G.; Cheema, M. F. ...
Computer graphics forum,
September 2017, 2017-09-00, 20170901, Letnik:
36, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
In 2005, Franco Moretti introduced Distant Reading to analyse entire literary text collections. This was a rather revolutionary idea compared to the traditional Close Reading, which focuses on the ...thorough interpretation of an individual work. Both reading techniques are the prior means of Visual Text Analysis. We present an overview of the research conducted since 2005 on supporting text analysis tasks with close and distant reading visualizations in the digital humanities. Therefore, we classify the observed papers according to a taxonomy of text analysis tasks, categorize applied close and distant reading techniques to support the investigation of these tasks and illustrate approaches that combine both reading techniques in order to provide a multi‐faceted view of the textual data. In addition, we take a look at the used text sources and at the typical data transformation steps required for the proposed visualizations. Finally, we summarize collaboration experiences when developing visualizations for close and distant reading, and we give an outlook on future challenges in that research area.
In 2005, Franco Moretti introduced Distant Reading to analyse entire literary text collections. This was a rather revolutionary idea compared to the traditional Close Reading, which focuses on the thorough interpretation of an individual work. Both reading techniques are the prior means of Visual Text Analysis. We present an overview of the research conducted since 2005 on supporting text analysis tasks with close and distant reading visualizations in the digital humanities.
This article discusses the idea of distant reading and explores the ways in which it can be conducted in research. It focuses especially on how distant reading can contribute to the study of cultural ...history, which is often regarded as a domain of close reading. The article argues that distant reading methods can successfully be applied in the analysis of cultural transmission in the past, where it is often essential to combine the study of textual signification with the idea of textuality as material flow. The article draws on an example from press history and especially discusses text reuse detection as a strategy for identifying textual amplification.
The interpretations of communication practices technologically mediated by immersive devices insist on the theme of distance to highlight prototypical aspects of mediation, from the rarefaction of ...enunciative and referential distance, to that which leads to the solipsistic isolation of the user behind a screen. Tracing the semantic articulation of these interpretations, the contribution intends to place particular emphasis on the media of virtual and augmented reality, and on how they remedy the concept of distance by investing it in new meaning. In particular, we will focus on the illusory cancellation of the distance that occurs during an immersive experience and the establishment of a critical distance in the user, linked to the emergence of a meta experiential competence, by means of the installation of an interstitial device such as the prosthesis and the interface.
The article deals with the Japanese poetic and conceptual terms kire and kireji, situating them within Croatian literary theory and practice. It consists of three parts: the first is titled ...“Signifier” and it focuses on the delimitation of both key terms and their reception in Croatia. Based on the analysis of the current situation, a suggestion to use „usjek” and „usječnica” as translations is made, while elaborating on the link of both terms with caesura as a close literary phenomenon. The second part (“Signified”) discusses the specifics of the kire with examples selected from Japanese literature. Special attention is paid to contemporary cognitive-literary theories and the characteristics which kire shares with metaphor and blending. The final part (“Corpus Analysis”) uses examples selected from three anthologies of Croatian haiku poetry to demonstrate some possibilities of distant reading (searching for kire, vector word models) in order to completely define and rehearse kire within domestic literary theory.
Abstract Beginning with a full text search for the term ‘provincialism’ across all entries in the OED Online, this article tracks ‘provincialism’ through the digitized fiction of the nineteenth ...century, eavesdropping on the ways in which the term was used in a dataset of references drawn from 165 nineteenth-century novels brought together from the British Library 19th Century Collection and the Hathi Trust Digital Library. The focus is not on a close reading of a small number of novels, a novel subgenre, or iterations of a single novel, but on a close reading of multiple short, references to the term ‘provincialism’ drawn from a large number of nineteenth-century digitized novels. Attention is concentrated on the textually small, the fleeting yet potent uses of the term deployed by nineteenth-century novelists writing in a mass cultural medium with a local and global reach. The findings offer up a relational and multidimensional picture of the term aggregated from the textually small, as it plays out in relation to class, gender, the city, the four nations of the UK, the British Empire and the wider world.
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