El objetivo fue explicar el Enfoque de No Escisión (ENE) en la investigación cualitativa para pasar del juicio teórico a la valoración interpretativa de categorías. Se fundamentó en los aportes ...teóricos de Yánez (2018), Díaz (2018) Durán (2019) y Arias (2019). Fue una investigación de tipo explicativa con diseño de campo. Como instrumento de registro se utilizó una lista de cotejo en una muestra de 9 tesis doctorales. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que el ENE implica la triangulación teórica y de categorías de valoración interpretativa, para integrar los hallazgos de ambos resultados al discurso investigativo.
Background
One emerging approach to diversity and inclusion in engineering is to take an assets‐based view of what students from nondominant communities bring to their education and work experiences.
...Purpose/Hypothesis
The purpose of this review is to understand how community cultural wealth (CCW), an assets‐based framework, has been applied in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education research. We address research questions focused on (a) the characteristics of studies using CCW in STEM education, (b) examples of the six types of capital (aspirational, linguistic, familial, navigational, social, and resistant) in STEM educational settings, and (c) gaps and opportunities in how CCW is being applied in STEM education.
Design/Method
We identified 33 dissertations, theses, journal articles, and conference papers using systematic review procedures. To qualify, each study must present empirical data and include at least one type of CCW capital in its results or discussion. We coded study characteristics, such as methods, participant populations, and research setting. We qualitatively analyzed each of the six types of CCW capital.
Results
Studies tended to focus on higher education settings, engineering, and qualitative methods, particularly student interviews. We identified several specific engineering‐relevant examples of assets for each type of capital. Future work should collect data from faculty, staff, and family members identified in several studies as important to CCW in addition to foregrounding student voices.
Conclusions
In synthesizing existing studies, this review provides insight into how an assets‐based framework is being interpreted and provides a foundation for more assets‐based perspectives in future engineering education work.
With the massification of higher degrees, the efficiency gaze has fixed on students and supervisors, or on their relationship, as the 'problem' to be managed, in need of administrative regulation, ...skill improvement or perhaps emotional management. This critical review of a selection of higher education journal articles on doctoral supervision published in the past 20 years within the UK, Australia, Sweden and the Netherlands aims to summarise what we have learnt about 'the problem of supervision' to date, and to suggest possible ways forward in light of this within the changing doctoral education climate. The review observes four distinct conceptual frames that prescribe how research education is thought in these contexts, each taking in a specific understanding of what constitutes 'good supervision', with implicit relations drawn between academics, doctoral candidates, academic developers and government. The review highlights the importance of the challenge mounted to the conception of supervisors as distant masters with sole responsibility for research outcomes. At the same time, the article argues that a de-contextualised, psychological lens dominates educational thought about research education and innovation, pointing to the need for a greater emphasis on content and context learning within future research and practice around doctoral education.
Over the past decade, the number of one-to-one laptop programs in schools has steadily increased. Despite the growth of such programs, there is little consensus about whether they contribute to ...improved educational outcomes. This article reviews 65 journal articles and 31 doctoral dissertations published from January 2001 to May 2015 to examine the effect of one-to-one laptop programs on teaching and learning in K-12 schools. A meta-analysis of 10 studies examines the impact of laptop programs on students' academic achievement, finding significantly positive average effect sizes in English, writing, mathematics, and science. In addition, the article summarizes the impact of laptop programs on more general teaching and learning processes and perceptions as reported in these studies, again noting generally positive findings.
BackgroundBreakthrough pain is commonly experienced by both children and adults with cancer, and also by patients with other terminal conditions, including those approaching end-of-life. Management ...of breakthrough pain is often insufficient, which could be due in part to a current lack of validated assessment tools. The aims of this systematic review are to (1) identify all available instruments measuring breakthrough pain in infants, children, adolescents or adults, and (2) critically appraise, compare and summarise the quality of the measurement properties of each identified instrument using established COSMIN criteria.MethodsTwo searches were carried out, one corresponding to each aim of the review. For both, the Cochrane Library, PROSPERO, EMBASE, CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, Google Scholar, the ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Database, Evidence Search and OpenGrey were searched from the inception of each database to October 2019. Search terms were derived from a thorough reading of relevant literature and in discussion with a medical librarian.ResultsSeven breakthrough pain tools were identified, only one of these - The Breakthrough Pain Questionnaire for Children - was designed for use in children. This tool, however, has not been validated to date. A further 40 studies were identified that used bespoke breakthrough pain assessment tools.ConclusionThere is a lack of validated tools for assessing breakthrough pain, particularly in infants, children and young people. These are urgently needed so that the assessment and management of this distressing symptom can be further improved.
"Doing Qualitative Research in Education Settings, Second Edition" is a methods book that speaks directly to qualitative researchers in the field of education, providing a step-by-step guide to the ...development of a research project. Written in accessible language, the book emphasizes learning how to do qualitative work. Specific examples from real studies, using real data and demonstrating real analyses, are provided throughout. The book is designed to guide doctoral candidates through the dissertation process, from unpacking assumptions and identifying research questions, through project design, data collection and analysis, to writing the final draft. Recommendations for publishing qualitative work are included. New to the second edition are a comprehensive updating of citations and references, new sections addressing the impact of computer-mediated communication (especially as related to data collection and analysis), an overview of the recent history of qualitative research, and an overall refresh that acknowledges the many changes that have occurred in society and academe since the original publication.
ObjectivesIn a busy paediatric emergency department triage decisions are critical to patient flow. In addition to sorting patients by acuity the initiation of early interventions at triage is ...pivotal. Effective use of triage has the potential to significantly reduce lengths of stay.1 2 As such we undertook a literature review to identify triage practices that might inform quality improvement initiatives to reduce lengths of stay in our busy urban tertiary level emergency department.MethodsAdhering to PRISMA guidelines, we utilised the key words ‘children’, ‘triage’ and ‘length of stay’ to search the MEDLINE and COCHRANE databases for relevant studies. Inclusion and exclusion criteria allowed a focused interrogation of the literature over the last two decades. Bibliographies & specialist journals were also searched to prevent important omissions.ResultsNine studies (two randomised controlled trials, seven non randomised) were found. Interventions included; reallocated staff for triage, a paediatrician in triage and a series of triage nurse initiated treatments, investigations and protocols. Average reductions in emergency department length of stay ranged from four to forty four minutes per patient.The common principle identified was early decision making. Statistical significance was demonstrated with few exceptions. Estimates of bias were low. The quality of evidence was high.Limitations included; uneven benefit (e.g. whilst overall length of stay was reduced, some patients waited longer) and over treatment. Triage nurse initiated treatment stood out as as having the most impact with the least additional cost. There were no adverse incidents.ConclusionsTriage based interventions are an important strategy in reducing the length of stay for children attending an emergency department. Doing so represents a proactive step in tackling the growing problem of overcrowding in the paediatric emergency department.ReferencesHaybarker B. (2015) Reducing Emergency Department Length of Stay by System Change. Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies Accessed 27/7/21.RCEM Tackling Emergency Department Crowding December 2015 Accessed 27/7/21, Available at https://rcem.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ED_Crowding_Overview_and_Toolkit_Dec2015.pdf
One of the trends in collaborative learning is using mobile devices for supporting the process and products of collaboration, which has been forming the field of mobile-computer-supported ...collaborative learning (mCSCL). Although mobile devices have become valuable collaborative learning tools, evaluative evidencefor their substantial contributions to collaborative learning is still scarce. The present meta-analysis, which included 48 peerreviewed journal articles and doctoral dissertations written over a 16-year period (2000-2015) involving 5,294 participants, revealed that mCSCL has produced meaningful improvements for collaborative learning, with an overall mean effect size of 0.516. Moderator variables, such as domain subject, group size, teaching method, intervention duration, and reward method were related to different effect sizes. The results provided implications for future research and practice, such as suggestions on how to appropriately use the functionalities of mobile devices, how to best leverage mCSCL through effective group learning mechanisms, and what outcome variables should be included in future studies to fully elucidate the process and products of mCSCL.
This systematic review investigated the role of home modification interventions to improve participation outcomes for community-living adults and older adults.
Thirty-six articles met the inclusion ...criteria. The majority of the studies investigated older adult populations and used occupational therapists as interventionists.
Strong evidence was found for home modification interventions to improve function for people with a variety of health conditions and for both single and multicomponent interventions that included home modifications to reduce the rate and risk of falls among older adults. Moderate evidence was found for improved caregiving for people with dementia.
Comprehensive, higher intensity interventions demonstrated greater efficacy to improve occupational performance. Emerging evidence was also found for the role of occupational therapy in providing effective home modification interventions. Implications for occupational therapy practice, education, and research are discussed.
The purpose of this mixed methods study was to investigate the experiences of practitioner-scholars as they conducted their dissertations amidst the COVID-19 pandemic; the methodology utilized ...surveys at four time points across a 1-year span. Findings indicated increased impacts as the pandemic progressed, as well as both negative and positive pandemic impacts related to flow, as measured by the Work-Related Flow Inventory (WOLF). These impacts largely depended on the doctoral students’ personal and work life situations, indicating a need for doctoral programs to provide individualized support as students progress through their dissertation journeys, particularly during times of crisis.
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