My Russia: War or Peace? Shishkin, Mikhail; Ipsen, Gesche
World literature today,
03/2023, Letnik:
97, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The source of Russian state power and of all law," writes Mikhail Shishkin, "is violence, pure and simple" If everything is a fiction in the Russian political system, then the russophone writer must ...outfiction the regime by calling the ogre by its name. The oak pushes against the storm and buckles, but the reed gives in to the gusts and survives unscathed. The submissiveness with which Russians endure their pitiful condition and oppression by the state, and which seems so strange to Western travellers, is the key component of the Russian survival strategy. The source of Russian state power and of all law is violence, pure and simple. Most Russians, particularly in the provinces, still believe that they can't live without support from the state, and expect to be provided for, to have free medical care and social services.
In the two weeks after the U.S. Congress passed a package of anti-sex trafficking bills on March 21, 2018, two of the largest online commercial sex advertising platforms ceased operation. On March ...23, Craigslist voluntarily removed their personals section, which had been dominated by advertisements for commercial sex. And on April 6, the Department of Justice seized Backpage.com, the largest online platform for commercial sex advertisements. Our research examines the impact of these shutdowns on a variety of important outcome variables, notably prostitution arrests and violence against women—variables that the prior literature has shown were impacted by the introduction of commercial sex advertising platforms. We employ a generalized difference-in-differences model by exploiting cross-city variation in the preshutdown usage of the two shuttered sites. We find no causal effect of the shutdowns on any of the outcome variables we measure. Further analysis suggests that these null results are likely due to the fluidity of online markets. Our data show that the majority of advertisers and users of Backpage and Craigslist’s personals quickly moved to other (often off-shore) commercial sex advertising portals. Our results highlight the challenges that governments face in reducing online sex trafficking, as the market for commercial sex advertising appears agile enough to quickly disperse to offshore sites after a few popular domestic sites are shut down. Our results have general implications for the governance of other illegal activities online.
This paper was accepted by D. J. Wu, information systems.
Supplemental Material:
Data and the online appendix are available at
https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4498
.
Perez, Thomas “Tom” Edward (1961–) Ocampo, Angela
Latinos in the American Political System : An Encyclopedia of Latinos as Voters, Candidates, and Office Holders: N-Z,
2019
Reference
Non-adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment is the most important cause of poor TB outcomes, and improving support for TB patients is a primary priority for governments, but there has been little ...research on the effects of family, social and national policy support factors on TB treatment adherence. The current study evaluated treatment adherence among newly diagnosed TB patients in Dalian, north-eastern China, and determined the effects of family, society, and national policy support factors on treatment adherence. A total of 481 newly diagnosed TB patients were recruited, of whom 45.7% had good adherence, and 27.4 and 26.8% had moderate and low adherence, respectively. Patients who had family members who frequently supervised medication (OR:0.34, 95% CI:0.16-0.70), family members who often provided spiritual encouragement (OR:0.13, 95% CI:0.02-0.72), a good doctor-patient relationship (OR:0.61, 95% CI:0.40-0.93), more TB-related knowledge (OR:0.49, 95% CI:0.33-0.72) and a high need for TB treatment policy support (OR:0.38, 95% CI:0.22-0.66) had satisfactory medication adherence. However, patients who had a college degree or higher (OR:1.69, 95% CI:1.04-2.74) and who suffered adverse drug reactions (OR:1.45, 95% CI:1.00-2.11) were more likely to have lower adherence. Our findings suggested that non-adherence was high in newly diagnosed TB patients. Patients who had family members who frequently supervised medication and provided spiritual encouragement and a good doctor-patient relationship and TB-related knowledge and a high need for policy support contributed to high adherence. It is recommended to strengthen medical staff training and patient and family health education and to increase financial support for improving adherence.
Five decades of rhetoric and reform in teacher education underscore the importance of multicultural education in preparing teachers to meet the needs of all students. State and national policy ...initiatives targeting multicultural education build on two assumptions: first, that preservice teachers lack the multicultural awareness to function as culturally responsive educators, and second, that higher levels of multicultural awareness correspond with increased pedagogical proficiency. Few studies have examined variation in multicultural awareness across preservice candidates, or the link between multicultural awareness and prospective teachers’ measured competencies. Using a novel dataset of 2,500 preservice teachers’ beliefs and student teacher performance assessments, we find that Black and Latino candidates report greater multicultural awareness, while Asian Americans report less, compared with their White counterparts. Prior experience working with nondominant populations is linked with higher levels of awareness, particularly for minority respondents. Propensity score matching analyses reveal that multicultural awareness is tied to candidates’ competence in creating nurturing classroom environments.
Science-base policies and regulations have resulted in tremendous gains in environmental quality and reduced the populationEs exposure to harmful pollutants.Climate change also provides a case study ...of need for integrating the Environmental Protection agencyEs (EPAEs) science with legal processes, since litigation has become a common tactic for both motivating and blocking regulatory actions. Finally, the administration should not abandon the majority and most critical stakeholder, the American people, for a coterie of special-interest stakeholders.
The evaluation of real-world laboratories is crucial. Since not only successes but failures and obstacles can provide information about the conditions for transformation, it is appropriate to also ...examine difficulties in a methodologically guided way.The port in Flensburg, Germany,
has shaped the city's identity. Globalisation and deindustrialisation have seen the northern German port on the Baltic Sea lose its economic importance. The city of Flensburg is currently planning to build a new district on a huge redevelopment site. The idea is to create a district
with an infrastructure that promotes and enables lifestyles that use resources and land sustainably. The real-world laboratory on sufficiency-oriented urban development described and evaluated here aimed to better understand the process of implementing sufficiency policies and their effects,
and to develop the knowledge and skills needed for sufficiency-oriented policymaking. The real-world laboratory is a collaborative project between members of the city administration and academics from the Europa-Universität Flensburg. The evaluation shows both the difficulties of putting
sufficiency policies into practice and their potential for sustainability.
Basic, high-value medical care remains largely inaccessible to undocumented immigrants. Expansion of the current public health insurance system could narrow gaps.
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