O presente ensaio busca demonstrar como a Justiça Restaurativa pode ser aplicada no Direito Penal Econômico enquanto ferramenta de potencialização da autorregulação ao mesmo tempo em que visa ...compreender como o modelo de produção normativa do Tripartism, concebido por John Braithwaite, pode legitimar um sistema de controle social alternativo fundamentado na autorregulação regulada empresarial. Para tanto, analisam-se as conexões existentes entre os Programas de Compliance e a Justiça Restaurativa, verificando quais são as suas contribuições no processo de correção dos defeitos dos Programas de Cumprimento. Com a pesquisa, foi possível perceber que a Justiça Restaurativa empresarial é uma possibilidade real e, se aplicada com cautela e controle, poderá configurar um mecanismo complementar hábil ao fortalecimento da autorregulação, instituindo uma nova cultura empresarial baseada na ética e na lealdade e, por decorrência, concedendo maior efetividade aos Programas de Compliance, sobretudo em relação às pequenas e médias empresas.
En Colombia no existe, en estricto sentido, un régimen de responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas. No obstante, en nuestro estatuto de contratación pública (literal j del artículo 8 de la Ley ...80 de 1993) se consagra una inhabilidad intemporal para contratar con el Estado, cuando la persona natural ha sido condenada por delitos contra la administración pública, la cual se extiende a las personas jurídicas en las que aquella participe como administrador, representante legal, miembro de junta directiva o socio controlante. Esta inhabilidad, que ciertamente genera una afectación corporativa, carece de oportunidad dentro del rito procesal penal para que la persona jurídica pueda ejercer el derecho de defensa. Con base en lo anterior, utilizando una metodología basada en la hermenéutica, dogmática y coherencia del ordenamiento jurídico nacional en sus distintas especialidades, los autores debatENB tanto la naturaleza jurídica de la inhabilidad — en especial si es una sanción contra la persona jurídica o un mero mecanismo de prevención—, como la conveniencia y la constitucionalidad de esta medida, en el marco de la expansión punitivista y la fachada de tolerancia cero frente a cualquier acto de corrupción. Se concluye que la inhabilidad derivada o por extensión es efectivamente una sanción, que tiene como origen una condena en sede penal, y que por tanto debería respetar los principios de culpabilidad, presunción de inocencia y acceso a la administración de justicia, con los cuales colisiona irremediablemente.
Purpose The article is devoted to an essential and relevant topic. The cryptocurrency market in Ukraine, as well as in the world, has been developing quite rapidly in recent years. At the same time, ...the legal status of digital currency in Ukraine has not been consolidated. As a result, digital currency is often used to commit economic crimes. To counteract this act, it is vital to "legalize" cryptocurrency as a type of money and clearly define the cases when it is the subject of a criminal offense. Methodology/Approach/Design The authors researched the general principles, approaches, and scientific research methods to properly develop the chosen topic used available philosophical methods and in particular legal ones. Findings The ability of cryptocurrency to be an essential attribute of the development of the information society and, at the same time, the subject of economic criminal offenses.
Purpose The article is devoted to an essential and relevant topic. The cryptocurrency market in Ukraine, as well as in the world, has been developing quite rapidly in recent years. At the same time, the legal status of digital currency in Ukraine has not been consolidated. As a result, digital currency is often used to commit economic crimes. To counteract this act, it is vital to "legalize" cryptocurrency as a type of money and clearly define the cases when it is the subject of a criminal offense. Methodology/Approach/Design The authors researched the general principles, approaches, and scientific research methods to properly develop the chosen topic used available philosophical methods and in particular legal ones. Findings The ability of cryptocurrency to be an essential attribute of the development of the information society and, at the same time, the subject of economic criminal offenses.
Purpose The article is devoted to an essential and relevant topic. The cryptocurrency market in Ukraine, as well as in the world, has been developing quite rapidly in recent years. At the same time, the legal status of digital currency in Ukraine has not been consolidated. As a result, digital currency is often used to commit economic crimes. To counteract this act, it is vital to "legalize" cryptocurrency as a type of money and clearly define the cases when it is the subject of a criminal offense. Methodology/Approach/Design The authors researched the general principles, approaches, and scientific research methods to properly develop the chosen topic used available philosophical methods and in particular legal ones. Findings The ability of cryptocurrency to be an essential attribute of the development of the information society and, at the same time, the subject of economic criminal offenses.
Purpose The article is devoted to an essential and relevant topic. The cryptocurrency market in Ukraine, as well as in the world, has been developing quite rapidly in recent years. At the same time, the legal status of digital currency in Ukraine has not been consolidated. As a result, digital currency is often used to commit economic crimes. To counteract this act, it is vital to "legalize" cryptocurrency as a type of money and clearly define the cases when it is the subject of a criminal offense. Methodology/Approach/Design The authors researched the general principles, approaches, and scientific research methods to properly develop the chosen topic used available philosophical methods and in particular legal ones. Findings The ability of cryptocurrency to be an essential attribute of the development of the information society and, at the same time, the subject of economic criminal offenses.
Whistleblowing is considered an essential mechanism to ensure the success of a compliance program, being used quite frequently in the United States and Spain and recommended by entities such as ...Transparency International. It is questioned how evidence obtained through information from anonymous reports can be used in favor of the defendant in the investigation of economic crimes. It is concluded that, although Brazilian law has not yet regulated the whistleblowing, this mechanism is considered a mean of obtaining evidence that can be admitted in conducting of legal proceedings in cases of economic crimes.
O canal de denúncias anônimas (whistleblowing) é um mecanismo essencial para garantir o sucesso de um programa de cumprimento normativo (compliance), sendo utilizado com bastante frequência nos ...Estados Unidos e na Espanha e recomendado por entidades como a Transparência Internacional. Questiona-se como provas obtidas por meio de informações advindas de denúncias anônimas podem ser utilizadas a favor do réu no processamento de crimes econômicos. Conclui-se que, apesar de a legislação brasileira ainda não ter regulamentado a questão das denúncias anônimas, tal meio de obtenção de prova pode ser admitido no processamento de crimes econômicos.
What is ‘economic criminal law’? Dębowski, Michał, Jerzy
Acta Iuris Stetinensis,
2022, 2022-00-00, 2022-01-01, Letnik:
37, Številka:
37 (1)
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The objective of this paper is to reconstruct the meaning of term ‘economic criminal law’, which is imprecise but widespread in Polish legal culture. It also aims to compose an adequate definition of ...the concept denoted by this name. The author applied an array of methods: analysis of scholarly statements, historical and comparative analysis as well as the analysis of the law in force. The term ‘economic criminal law’ is a product of linguistic convention manifesting itself in legal discourse. In search of its meaning the author relied mainly on scrutiny of the wording of the discussed name. The content of this notion is composed of so-called economic offences. It was essential to determine common characteristics of such crimes. Having rejected so-called subjective conceptions and ideas referring to criminology and sociology, the author posited the object of a type of crime as the definition’s rudiment. A proper description of the common generic object of economic crimes assumes a compromise between vagueness and rigidity of lengthy enumerations. ‘Economic criminal law’ can be described as a peculiar division of substantive criminal law distinguished by legal theory and practice. It is composed of regulations that establish types of crime, which share a common main generic object of protection which (in a historical and cultural context) are relevant bases of proper trading both in internal, and in external aspects. These two dimensions represent relations between trading participants and institutions and rules of trading, respectively.
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo responder ao seguinte questionamento: qual o índice de reforma, em sede de apelação, nas Câmaras criminais do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Ceará, das sentenças de ...1º Grau em crimes tributários? Para tanto, é necessário atender a quatro objetivos específicos: 1) estabelecer o lugar conceitual do de crimes tributários, dentro do contexto do Direito Penal Econômico; 2) investigar e demonstrar a Metodologia de análise de decisões como forma de investigação empírica e necessária, delineando quais as teses mais recorrentes pelas defesas e acusações, quais os dados apresentados por estas; quais os dados levados em consideração pelo julgador; quais as proxys dos índices de provimento dos recursos; 4) apresentar, de modo empírico, aplicando a Análise de Conteúdo os resultados da pesquisa, a partir da esquematização sobre com que resultados? com que finalidade? de que modo? A quem? para dizer o que? A abordagem é qualitativa e quantitativa, com base em revisão de literatura e aplicação da Metodologia de Análise de Conteúdo e Análise de Decisões. A unidade de análise é o Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Ceará, e a periodização entre 2016 e 2021. Conclui-se que a tendência decisional da Corte encaixa-se na proxy 1, estando entre 1 e 7 para provimento, da análise dos 27 acórdãos.
El delito de administración desleal, tipificado por el artículo 250B del Código Penal colombiano, nace como un instrumento para combatir la corrupción en el sector privado. El legislador colombiano ...se inspiró en el ordenamiento jurídico español para tipificar como delito el acto del administrador que, abusando de sus funciones, dispone de bienes de la sociedad o contrae obligaciones a cargo de está causando un perjuicio económicamente evaluable. Sin embargo, entender cuándo el administrador actúa por fuera de sus funciones y en abuso de estas requiere aproximarse a la legislación societaria, ordenamiento que regula originalmente los deberes de los administradores. Este artículo estudia esta relación entre el derecho penal y el derecho societario de cara a buscar dotar de contenido el delito de administración desleal bajo la teoría de los deberes fiduciarios del administrador en Colombia. Luego de ello estudia las particularidades del tipo de administración desleal, señalando que su redacción es susceptible de mejoría, puesto que faltó incluir a los promotores de las sociedades en formación, el perjuicio se debería predicar de la sociedad y no de sus socios y todo el administrador que actúa en un beneficio distinto al de la compañía también abusa de las funciones propias de su cargo. Por último, se presentan algunas conclusiones generales.
This article covers the content of criminal law protection afforded to national economic interests, and gives the general definition of the crimes in the group taken into consideration. It then ...analyzes the definitions of economic crimes, and outlines the main elements of offences threatening national economic interests (object, objective part, subject) and their features. It identifies the problems connected with the application of criminal liability for the crimes in the sphere taken into consideration, including those connected with subject structure, qualifying features, and criminal policy in the sphere of the economy, forming tendencies as well as gaps in the criminal law protection of national economic interests.
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