In this paper, we propose the first study of the portrait of Auguste Mariette kept in the Château Comtal – Musée de Boulognesur- Mer (France). Painted by Florent Buret in 1899, the work pays tribute ...to the Egyptologist born in this city in 1821. Artificially composed from photographic sources, this portrait evokes his work for the Louvre and Boulaq museums in France and Egypt. It was included in the “historical gallery” of the town hall of Boulogne-sur-Mer with fourteen other personalities of the city. As such, it reflects the pride of a late 19th century French town and its scholarly and political networks.
The present paper explores the name ftk-t / ftk-ti, which was described and entitled in the pyramid texts as the Butler or the Cupbearer of the Sun God Re Wdpw Rr. Most Egyptologists do not offer a ...specific meaning for this name in their translations of the Pyramid Texts. They only refer to it as ftk-t/ftk-ti. The paper aims at identifying the original meaning and linguistic derivations of the name, as well as recognizing the title and the closest meaning to it in the Pyramid Texts. It also defines its religious role, function, and relationship with the Sun God Re and the deceased king in the Pyramid Texts.
The research investigates the roots of scenography in ancient Egypt, especially in the era of King Akhenaten, in the 18th Dynasty in the new kingdom, specifically in his capital, Akht-Aten, in Upper ...Egypt. Dealing with the use of scenography in the absence of the term at this time, to consolidate the content of the Athenian religion in Egypt at that time.The ancient Egyptian artist was not only thinking about the construction of his timeless buildings to emphasize his strength and prestige, or the status of his old religion. His great civilization was not the result of a mere and or his absolute creativity of the arts of that period. But it was based on philosophical rules that were formulated by the art of scenography as a comprehensive science for the use of the arts in landscape; according to a preconceived idea and planning stemming from the potential of his religious faith. Thus, included scenography in his era as an adaptation of spatial nature and the exploitation of astronomy and the movement of the sun, to build his architecture, which decorated with drawings and lively scenes - whether religious or daily-life architecture - and to the design and implementation of fashion of this era for the people who lived in these places and their accessories and tools as well; preceding any civilization in the usage of the scenography before they started applying the idea on performing arts such as theater and cinema.
The discovery of ancient Egypt and the development of Egyptology are momentous events in intellectual and cultural history. The history of Egyptology is the story of the people, famous and obscure, ...who constructed the picture of ancient Egypt that we have today, recovered the Egyptian past while inventing it anew, and made a lost civilization comprehensible to generations of enchanted readers and viewers thousands of years later. This, the first of a three-volume survey of the history of Egyptology, follows the fascination with ancient Egypt from antiquity until 1881, tracing the recovery of ancient Egypt and its impact on the human imagination in a saga filled with intriguing mysteries, great discoveries, and scholarly creativity. Wonderful Things affirms that the history of ancient Egypt has proved continually fascinating, but it also demonstrates that the history of Egyptology is no less so. Only by understanding how Egyptology has developed can we truly understand the Egyptian past.
The mortuary provisions of private tomb owners in the Old Kingdom constitute fundamental evidence for the understanding of the operation of the private mortuary cult. The clauses present in these ...texts provide information about a variety of topics concerning the development of the cult and the use of the properties allotted to sustaining it. However, there are some aspects about which not much information is given. One of these facets is the way in which the goods allocated for the mortuary cult were distributed among the cultic performers. In this paper I intend to contribute to clarifying this aspect by analysing three case studies that are particularly revealing about this matter.
Las disposiciones funerarias de los propietarios de tumbas del Reino Antiguo constituyen una evidencia fundamental para la comprensión de los sistemas de funcionamiento del culto funerario de los particulares. Las cláusulas presentes en esos textos nos proporcionan información sobre el desarrollo del culto y el uso de las propiedades destinadas a su mantenimiento. Pese a ello, hay algunos aspectos sobre los que no se da demasiada información. Una de dichas facetas es el modo en el que los bienes destinados al culto funerario son distribuidos entre los oficiantes. En este artículo pretendemos contribuir a clarificar este aspecto analizando tres casos de estudio que son particularmente relevantes.
Abstract Amelia B. Edwards (1831–1892) was renowned for her profound mastery of Egyptology, possessing a knowledge some said surpassed that of her male counterparts. Her archaeological endeavours in ...Egypt merged with a vivid narrative approach, evident in seminal works such as A Thousand Miles up the Nile (1877) and her captivating lectures across Britain and America. This harmonious blend of meticulous observation and romantic aesthetics not only carved her niche as a distinguished Egyptologist, but also heralded her as a forerunner in public history, adept at fusing erudite exploration with charming storytelling. Set against the tapestry of the Romantic era, Edwards forged a distinctive narrative, eschewing traditional academic boundaries to imbue her writings with heartfelt sentiment. This article delves into Edwards’ impact on Egyptology’s popularization: from her pivotal 1873 Egyptian sojourn, followed by her compelling lectures, to her personally curated Egyptian collection at home. With an adept fusion of artistic verve and academic rigour, Edwards bridged literature and archaeology. Her legacy signifies a refreshing deviation from orthodox methodologies, presenting a more immersive perspective on ancient Egypt. In stark contrast to the staid styles of her contemporary archaeological peers, she proclaimed herself the only romancer also versed in Egyptology, ardently championing a scientific discourse with broader appeal.
Donkeys were essential in ancient Egyptian trade and agriculture, but their value was nuanced by their perception in religion. The animal appears in funerary, magical or ritual sources, where it ...often reflects an ambivalent nature, while its well-known association to the evil god Seth is constantly reminded in the modern literature. Either benevolent or evil, donkeys are ambiguous entities that can be recognised as dreadful beings possessing powers praised for their protective efficiency. Although they can be associated to Seth, they also followed their own path. In magical texts, the animal was feared and revered at the same time, becoming a powerful entity holding spears and evoked as a protector, while in the context of the temple it will be annihilated as the archetype of evil. By exploring iconographical, textual and archaeological sources spanning from Predynastic to Roman times, this monograph explores the role of donkeys in ancient Egypt from a religious perspective.
Modern scholars have expressed divergent views on the issue of the degree of interaction between Egyptian dignitaries and the satrapy administration during the first Persian period (526–402 B.C.). ...However, for a correct understanding of how Egyptians cooperated with Persians, it is necessary to analyze the specific functions performed by nobles of that period and the scope of their activity. This article analyzes the mentions of the title ‘senti’ in the inscriptions on the private monuments of Egyptian dignitaries and in the demotic Story of Peteis III. It is suggested that the ‘senti’ were mostly responsible for managing priestly affairs and for accounting and control of land plots and the income from using them. In the Story of Peteis III, the ‘senti’ person also acts as the highest judicial authority settling the dispute between Peteis III and the priests of the temple of Amun of Teudjoy, as well as several other issues. Therefore, the title ‘senti’ must have been introduced during the reign of King Amasis in an attempt to curb the autonomy of priestly corporations. Persians maintained the same policy and approved the continuation of the position of ‘senti’. Due to the important role of tax collection in the economy of the Persian Empire, the appointment of Egyptian nobles to the position of ‘senti’, which is directly associated with this function, indicates that Persians allowed the local elite to access and hold some key public positions in the satrapy.
This paper unpacks the cognitive processes potentially involved in comprehending funerary ‘models’ from ancient Egypt. These objects comprise small scenes, usually made of wood, which have been found ...in burial chambers of pharaonic-era tombs. After considering the fittingness of the term ‘model’, the paper illustrates how a cognitive approach might better help us understand the purported functionality of these objects than has hitherto been the case. This approach, grounded in distributed cognition, draws on semiotics, figurative thought and communication theory and considers the priorities of both the theoretical sender and the theoretical receiver. The perspective of the sender comprises what could actually be built, given the confines of material, size, space and budget. The perspective of the receiver is tied to the factors that guarantee intelligibility, such as cultural primaries, medial awareness and aesthetic priming. It is argued that many of the cognitive processes driving comprehension may be based on transfer processes transcending culture and aesthetics, such as metonymy and metaphor, which occur both in the linguistic and the visual modality. In this way, we can ground discussions of model production and use in more fine-grained theoretical and methodological frameworks and achieve new insights into the communicative power of these objects.
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