Peran pendidikan tinggi dalam ekosistem kewirausahaan adalah menyediakan lingkungan yang mendukung pembentukan dan pelaksanaan usaha rintisan mahasiswa. Program S1 Bisnis di Sekolah Bisnis dan ...Ekonomi Universitas Prasetiya Mulya telah memiliki kurikulum kewirausahaan dengan salah satu kebijakan tugas akhir berupa pembuatan proyek bisnis sebagai sebuah usaha rintisan mahasiswa. Kondisi pandemi covid19, mengubah sistem perkuliahan dan pelaksanaan proyek bisnis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan penjelasan tentang elemen ekosistem usaha rintisan mahasiswa dan dinamika perubahan yang terjadi selama periode pandemi covid19 . Metode penelitian kualitatif studi kasus dengan kerangka ekosistem untuk usaha rintisan mahasiswa sebagai acuan analisis. Pengumpulan data melalui FGD kepada perwakilan kelompok proyek bisnis, dilanjutkan interview dan telaah dokumen internal program S1 Bisnis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sejarah universitas dan kepatuhan pada peraturan pemerintah serta perkembangan industri kreatif menjadi dasar perumusan kurikulum kewirausahaan. Proyek bisnis harus fleksibel dalam menghadapi perubahan lokasi domisili anggota kelompok juga peralihan metode penjualan yang memanfaatkan media daring untuk kegiatan pemasaran. Dukungan orang tua dan keluarga, mentor usaha dan mentor akademik sangat mendukung pelaksanaan proyek bisnis. Mata kuliah elektif yang telah dijalankan sebelumnya juga turut memberikan kontribusi pada pelaksanaan usaha. Kesesuaian alokasi dosen pembimbing dan evaluasi mata kuliah elektif adalah implikasi manajerial penelitian bagi pengelola program S1 Bisnis.
Gastropoda merupakan salah satu Kelas dari Filum Mollusca, dan merupakan salah satu jenis komunitas fauna bentik yang hidup di dasar perairan. Komunitas fauna bentik ini banyak ditemukan di ekosistem ...mangrove Sungai Reuleung Leupung, namun hingga saat ini data tentang bioekologinya masih sangat kurang sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola persebaran Gastropoda di ekosistem mangrove Sungai Reuleung Leupung Kabupaten Aceh Besar. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survey dan penentuan stasiun pengamatan menggunakan teknik purposive random sampling. Analisis pola persebaran dilakukan dengan menggunakan indeks morisita. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola persebaran Gastropoda di ekosistem mangrove Sungai Reuleung Leupung Kabupaten Aceh Besar berkisar antara 0,83 sampai 3,00. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pola persebaran Gastropoda di ekosistem mangrove Sungai Reuleung Leupung Kabupaten Aceh Besar secara acak, berkelompok, dan beraturan.
An ecosystem diversity index was proposed by the present study. The proposed index (H_wd ) considers not only the species compositions of the meta communities and their land cover areas but also ...heterogeneities of their geographical distributions. H_wd is therefore includes fractal dimension (w_j ) as well as Shannon-like expression of average conflict (H_d ). Estimation of ecosystem evenness was also given in the present study. With regard to ecosystem evenness (E_wd ), the proposed equation is H_wd⁄(2 lnK ) since maximum fractal dimension value of a meta community equals to 2 (w_maxj=2). The purpose of the ecosystem diversity and evenness indices give the information as numerical data about the general conditions of the ecosystems. Both of the indices may therefore be employed for monitoring and comparing the ecosystems.
Rawa Mesangat merupakan habitat utama buaya Siam yang tersisa di Indonesia dan juga sebagai lokasi utama bagi nelayan sekitar. Produksi ikan sebagai sumber ekonomi masyarakat sekaligus makanan ...potensial bagi buaya Siam dapat terus berkelanjutan bila rantai makanan ekosistem tidak terputus dengan syarat kualitas perairan yang sehat. Pengambilan sampel air ± 1200 ml di setiap lokasi yang dilakukan di 6 (enam) lokasi dalam area perairan rawa Mesangat. Analisis kualitas air dilakukan di laboratorium Peraikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan. Kualitas perairan menunjukkan pH yang normal, BOD 0,12 – 1,25 ppm termasuk dalam kategori tercemar rendah, COD 15,54 – 40,58 ppm dalam kategori tidak layak untuk kehidupan biota perairan, CO2 2,80 – 5,19 ppm kategori baik, TDS rendah antara 65 – 131 mg/L, TSS berkisar 7 – 87 mg/L, DO antara 2,86 – 3,19 mg/L, kadar nitrat tertinggi adalah 0,21 mg/L sedangkan kadar nitrat terendah 0,01 mg/L, kisaran suhu air antara 26 – 32oC, nilai Zn (seng) berkisar antara <0,003 – 0,02 mg/l. Perbedaan kualitas air pada setiap lokasi dapat disebabkan oleh faktor tutupan vegetasi pohon, vegetasi terapung, kekuatan arus sungai atau sirkulasi aliran air. Vegetasi terapung yang menyebar luas di perairan rawa sangat mungkin mempengaruhi kualitas air, salah satu contohnya adalah Salvinia molesta yang dapat memulihkan kualitas air atau sebaliknya tergantung kuantitas penutupan pada permukaan perairan.
Kemampuan lingkungan hidup untuk mendukung perikehidupan manusia perlu untuk terus diawasi guna menjamin keseimbangan antara aktivitas manusia dengan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk ...mengkaji sebaran kemampuan lingkungan dalam mendukung penyediaan pangan di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan cara pembobotan dan tumpang susun dari data spasial dan data tabular tata guna lahan, bentang alam, dan tutupan vegetasi alami. Hasil penelitian dikelompokkan kedalam lima kelas kategori mulai dari sangat rendah hingga sangat tinggi. Hasil perhitungan menunjukkan bahwa daya dukung jasa ekosistem penyedia pangan Kabupaten Banyuwangi masih didominasi oleh kategori tinggi seluas 2,269.34 km2 atau 63% sedangkan kategori sedang seluas 1,216.84 km2 atau 34% dari total luasan.
Identifikasi spaisal sumber daya alam merupakan salah satu pendekatan untuk mengetahui kapasitas sumber daya terhadap perubahan lahan laju pertumbuhan di suatu wilayah. Kota Pekalongan merupakan kota ...yang berada di pesisir utara Pulau Jawa yang mempunyai isu lingkungan berkurangnya ruang sumber daya lahan dikarenakan aktivitas pertumbuhan permukiman dan lahan terbangun. Selain itu mempunyai isu lingkungan menurunnya ketersediaan air. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui daya dukung dan daya tampung lingkungan hidup di Kota pekalongan dari sektor penyedia yaitu ketahanan pangan dan air bersih. Daya dukung dan daya tampung dengan berbasis jasa ekosistem mempunyai karakteristik yang lebih mencerminkan kondisi lingkungan dengan pendekatan ekoregion, yaitu pendekatan geomorfologi lingkungan dan kondisi eksisting dari penggunaan lahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelas daya dukung hidup penyedia pangan di Kota Pekalongan secara umum rendah 47,11%, sedangkan kelas daya dukung dan daya tampung lingkungan hidup untuk air bersih secara umum adalah sedang 74,22%.
Pod utjecajem suvremenih tehnologija i posebno društvenih mreža, profesionalno novinarstvo našlo se u raskoraku između normi, standarda i izvornih zahtjeva profesije s jedne strane, zahtjeva ...poslodavaca, vlasnika medijskih kompanija i industrije s druge strane i s treće očekivanja atomiziranih javnosti rukovođenih različitim patikularnim interesima, sklonostima i predrasudama. U radu ukazujemo na izazove profesionalnog novinarstva koji su uticali na gubljenje povjerenja između informativnih medija, novinara i publike, što je utjecalo na promjenu profesionalnog identiteta novinara i umesto nezavisnih, kritičkih i objektivnih istraživača i snabdjevača informacijama odgovornog demokratskog i kritičkog javnog mnjenja, oni su svedeni na „zaposlene u medijskim kompanijama“. Jedna od posljedica novinarskog odustajanja od normi profesionalnog identiteta i fokusiranosti na javni interes je poplava lažnih vesti koje medijski ekosistem čine još kaotičnijim, a površnu i medijski neobrazovanu publiku sklonu jednostavnim rješenjima i predrasudama, lakom za manipulaciju. U tako oblikovnom medijskom ekosistemu, u kojem novinari nemaju obavezu da provjeravaju informacije prije objavljivanja nego se to radije prebacuje na korisnike, manipulacija nema za cilj samo ekonomsku dobit medijskih kompanija nego i ideološku i političku indoktrinaciju, širenje govora mržnje, straha i nepoverenja i konačno stvaranje uvjeta za nedemokratske oblike vladavine. U radu tvrdimo da dokumenti u kojima se utvrđuju mjere za ojačavanje povjerenja između novinara i publike neće imati efekta ukoliko sami novinari ne reafirmiraju svoj profesionalni identitet i ne steknu podršku publike da zaštite svoje profesionalne strandarde od uticaja tržišta i profita.
Under the influence of modern technologies and especially social networks, professional journalism has found itself in a gap between the norms, standards and original requirements of the profession on the one hand, the demands of employers, owners of media companies and industry on the other hand, and on the third hand the expectations of the atomized public guided by different particular interests, preferences and prejudices. In the paper, we point out the challenge of professional journalism, which affected the loss of trust between the news media, journalists and the audience, which affected the change in the professional identity of journalists, and instead of independent, critical and objective researchers and suppliers of information to responsible democratic and Cretan public opinion, they were reduced to “employees in media companies”. One of the consequences of journalists abandoning the norms of professional identity and focusing on the public interest is a flood of fake news that makes the media ecosystem even more chaotic and a superficial and media-uneducated audience prone to simple solutions and prejudices, easy to manipulate. In such a shaped media ecosystem, in which journalists do not have the obligation to check information before publication, but rather leave it to the users, manipulation is not only aimed at the economic profit of media companies, but also at ideological and political indoctrination, the spread of hate speech, fear and mistrust, and ultimately the creation of conditions for non-democratic forms of government. In the paper, we claim that documents establishing measures to strengthen trust between journalists and the public will have no effect if the journalists themselves do not reaffirm their professional identity and gain the support of the public to protect their professional standards from the influence of the market and profits.
Land use and land use change can positively or negatively affect carbon and nutrient stocks in ecosystems. This study was carried out to determine the effects of afforestation with black pine and ...maritime pine species on carbon stocks and soil and litter characteristics. The study was conducted on afforestation areas and adjacent bare lands in Bartın-Ulus county, located in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. Three sample plots of 20×20 m were taken from each land use and the diameter at breast height and tree heights in these sample plots were measured Using the diameter and height values and the biomass equations and carbon ratios developed for the relevant tree species, the tree biomass and carbon stock per unit area were calculated. Then, disturbed and undisturbed soil samples and litter samples were taken from 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm depth intervals at three points in each sample plot. The physical and chemical properties of the soil and litter samples were determined in the laboratory and measurements in the sample plots were converted to a unit area. The data were evaluated using independent sample t-tests and analysis of variance. The results showed that afforestation significantly changed N, S, P, Fe, Zn, and Cu concentrations in the soil; and C, S, Mn, and Zn concentrations in black pine and maritime pine forest floor were different. Besides, the ecosystem carbon (C) stocks differed significantly with forest land use type; black pine plantations, maritime pine plantations and bare land accumulated 148 t C ha-1, 89 t C ha-1 and 27 t C ha-1, respectively. Thus, we suggest that priority should be given to black pine in afforestation of the region and in other ecosystems with similar climates. The results of the research can be used in species selection for afforestation studies in terms of reducing the impact of global climate change.
A regulated forest structure exists that will best fulfill the expected forest value for both protection and service purposes. For the forest functions designated or to be assigned for service ...production purposes, optimal formations have not been disclosed yet. For this purpose, the optimal forest structure in the aesthetic and recreation managed forest unit in Odayeri planning unit, reserved to the service production function is explained theoretically, and afterwards presented by numerically and graphically. The optimum rotation age obtained with the calculations for the aesthetic management unit was determined as 198 years, the diameter of the target 72 cm and the target volume 270 m3/ha. Since the aesthetic management unit consists of multi-layered and mixed stands, the continuous forest form has been adopted as the management method and the optimal structure has been determined using the French volume method. The recreation management unit consists of fir and beech mixed stands and was managed according to the age class method. In this study, an example of determining the optimal formation for a management unit consisting of mixed forests has been presented.
Koruma ve hizmet amaçlı işletme sınıflarında beklenen orman değerini en iyi şekilde yerine getirecek bir optimal orman kuruluşu vardır. Hizmet amaçlı olarak ayrılan/ayrılacak orman fonksiyonları için optimal kuruluşlar nadiren çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla Odayeri plan ünitesi örneğinde; hizmet fonksiyonuna ayrılan estetik ve rekreasyon işletme sınıflarında optimal kuruluşların nasıl belirleneceği teorik olarak açıklanmıştır. Estetik işletme sınıfı için yapılan hesaplamalar ile elde edilen optimum idare süresi 198 yıl, amaç çapı 72 cm ve amaç serveti 270 m3/ha olarak belirlenmiştir. Estetik işletme sınıfı katlı ve karışık meşcerelerden oluştuğundan işletme şekli olarak devamlı orman formu benimsenmiş ve optimal kuruluşu Fransız hacim metodu ile ortaya konulmuştur. Rekreasyon işletme sınıfı göknar ve kayın karışık meşcerelerinden oluşmakta olup yaş sınıfları yöntemine göre belirlenmiştir. Karışık meşcerelerin oluşturduğu bir işletme sınıfı için optimal kuruluş belirlenmesi ile ilgili bir örnek bu çalışma ile ortaya konulmuştur.
The contributors are an impressive group of philosophers and literary and cultural theorists.The first book to comprehensively explore the possibilities deconstruction has to offer to environmental ...thought and practice.Eco-Deconstruction: Derrida and Environmental Philosophylaunches a new mode of philosophical and ethical reflection with respect to the challenges posed by the degradation of the natural environment, including habitat loss, species extinction, and climate change. While the work of French philosopher Jacques Derrida (1930-2004), with its relentless interrogation of the anthropocentric metaphysics of presence, has already proven highly influential in posthumanism and animal studies, the present volume, drawing on published and unpublished work by Derrida and others, builds on these insights in addressing and responding to the most pressing environmental issues of our time. The volume brings together 15 scholars, many of which have achieved world renown, from a wide variety of related fields, including eco-phenomenology, eco-hermeneutics, new materialism, posthumanism, animal studies, vegetal philosophy, science and technology studies, environmental humanities, eco-criticism, earth art and aesthetics, and analytic environmental ethics. Overall, eco-deconstruction offers an account of differential relationality explored in a non-final, non-totalizable ecological context, both quasi-ontologically and quasi-normatively, with attention to diagnosing our times. Accordingly, the book is divided into four sections-Diagnosing the Present, which suggests that our times are marked by a facile, flattened-out understanding of time and thus in need of deconstructive dispositions; Ecologies, which mobilizes the spectral ontology of deconstruction to argue for an originary environmentality, the constitutive ecological embeddedness of mortal life; Nuclear and Other Biodegradabilities, in which contributors reflect on the remains, by-products, and disintegrations of human culture, including nuclear waste, environmental destruction, and species extinctions; and Environmental Ethics, which seeks to uncover a demand for justice, including human responsibility for suffering beings, that emerges precisely as a response to original differentiation, and the mortality and unmasterable alterity it installs in living beings. As such, the book may resonate with readers not only in philosophy, but across the humanities and the social and natural sciences.
PDF
