Innovation is the source of power for high-quality development, and a relaxed institutional arrangement is a necessity for promoting innovation in enterprises. This paper examines the impact of fault ...tolerance on corporate innovation, theoretically analyzes the positive effects of fault tolerance on stimulating innovation, and estimates the influence of fault tolerance on corporate innovation by using the panel data of listed manufacturing companies from 2007 to 2019, taking the quasi-natural experiment of fault-tolerance system in various places since the new round of state-owned enterprise (SOE) reform. This study finds that the fault-tolerance system has significantly improved the R&D investment and patent application of the pilot SOEs,but the incentive effect is mainly reflected in the utility model patents; fault-tolerance system mainly promotes corporate innovation by alleviating managers' career worries and improving governance ability.Furthermore, the fault-tolerance system is more effective for small and medium-sized SOEs with low market competition and can alleviate the restriction of agency cost on corporate innovation. In addition, the fault-tolerance system has not yet had a significant spillover effect on private enterprises.These results show that in the SOE reform, it is necessary to strengthen the institutional arrangement of fault-tolerance and create a relaxed environment to encourage innovation; it is necessary to organically integrate fault-tolerance-system design into executive measurement and corporate governance, promote fault-tolerant system to be implemented in a wider range of enterprises, and enhance the incentive effect on high-quality innovation.
The firm requires multidisciplinary services, incorporated efforts, and appropriate information to utilize effective sustainable enterprise resource planning systems (S-ERPSs). With the suitable ...S-ERPS, it is easy to give coordination between the items, reduce waste, and take quicker and better decisions. Implementation of an effective S-ERPS is one of the major investment decisions for any firm; thus, the selection of suitable S-ERPS requires major attention from the experts. Due to involvement of several aspects of sustainability, the S-ERPS selection process can be considered as a complex uncertain multicriteria decision making problem. The aim of this work is to develop a four-stage hybrid decision support system (DSS) by integrating the symmetry point of criterion (SPC), ranking comparison (RANCOM), and multiattribute multiobjective optimization based on ratio assessment (MULTIMOORA) approaches with q-rung orthopair fuzzy rough set (q-ROFRS), named as q-ROFR-SPC-RANCOM-MULTIMOORA. The underlying DSS consists of four main stages: first, new q-ROFR-Hamacher aggregation operators are developed to aggregate the q-ROFRSs; second, q-ROFR-score rating and rank sum model is given to find the significance weights of decision experts; third, an integrated q-ROFR-SPC-RANCOM model is developed to determine the weights of sustainability dimensions and criteria for S-ERPSs; and fourth, a hybrid q-ROFR-MULTIMOORA model is presented to evaluate and rank the S-ERPSs. To exhibit the feasibility of the developed DSS, a case study is discussed to evaluate the S-ERPS in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The developed DSS effectively prioritized the S-ERPS options and recognized the suitable S-ERPS using the information obtained from various SMEs. In this study, the evaluation criteria are categorized into social, environmental, and economic dimensions with the expert's opinions. The results indicate that cost, environmental grievance mechanisms, and technical requirements are the most effective sustainable factors, and SAP ERP is the most suitable alternative among others. The robustness and superiority of the developed DSS is evaluated by means of sensitivity and comparative analyses. It provides us a very useful approach for multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) in q-rung orthopair fuzzy rough environment.
•Politically connected firms in China are more likely to receive innovation subsidies.•Political connection is more important than state ownership in determining which firms get innovation ...subsidies.•Firms with subsidies obtain more patents but the quality of the patents is not higher.•Firms with subsidies do not have higher productivity or profitability.•Overall, our study finds politically induced inefficiency in the allocation of innovation subsidies in China.
We examine how a firm's political connection measured by the membership of its CEO in the People's Congress (PC) or Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) influences its likelihood of receiving the innovation subsidies given by the state. We find that politically connected firms are more likely to receive innovation subsidies. The political connection measured in this way is found much more important than state ownership in explaining the allocation of innovation subsidies. We also investigate if the firms that receive innovation subsidies are more innovative, productive, or profitable. Our results show that the firms that receive innovation subsidies file and receive more patents, but that their patents are not necessarily of high quality. They do not have higher productivity or profitability, either. The results collectively suggest politically induced inefficiency in the allocation of innovation subsidies in China.
In spite of the widespread recognition of the important roles that small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) play in most economies, limited research has focused on their impacts on the natural ...environment and the strategies such enterprises adopt to reduce these impacts. It is usually assumed that SMEs lack the resources to implement proactive environmental strategies that go beyond minimum regulatory compliance. In this study of 108 SMEs in the automotive repair sector in Southern Spain, we found that SMEs undertake a range of environmental strategies from reactive regulatory compliance to proactive pollution prevention and environmental leadership. These strategies are associated with three organizational capabilities: shared vision, stakeholder management, and strategic proactivity, hypothesized based on the unique strategic characteristics of SMEs—shorter lines of communication and closer interaction within the SMEs, the presence of a founder's vision, flexibility in managing external relationships, and an entrepreneurial orientation. We also found that firms with the most proactive practices exhibited a significantly positive financial performance.
The global halal product market is proliferating, fuelling increased demand for quality halal products. To fulfil halal certification requirements, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in East ...Java Province, Indonesia face challenges in the certification process which is manual, time-consuming and inefficient. To overcome these problems, this study aims to explore the urgency of digitalising halal certification for optimal impact on improving the quality of halal products for MSMEs in East Java. This research employed a qualitative
method with a literature and conceptual juridical approach. This research used primary and secondary data, namely BPJPH data, the Office of Cooperatives and SMEs of East Java Province. The results of this study indicate that government regulations and policies related to halal certification provide legal certainty for digital transformation in the implementation of halal certification in East Java Province. Although the achievements of MSMEs in East Java Province are low compared to those of other provinces, the digitalisation of halal certification can effectively help the MSMEs in East Java Province to reduce costs, expedite halal certification processing time, and increase compliance with halal requirements so that acceleration and increase in the number of halal certifications for MSMEs can take place properly.
Pasar produk halal global terus berkembang dengan pesat dan mendorong peningkatan permintaan terhadap produk halal yang berkualitas. Untuk memenuhi persyaratan sertifikasi halal, Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah (UMKM) di Provinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia menghadapi tantangan dalam proses sertifikasi yang manual, memakan waktu, dan kurang efisien. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi urgensi digitalisasi sertifikasi halal sehingga berdampak optimal terhadap peningkatan kualitas produk halal UMKM di Jawa Timur. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan netnografi dan yuridis konseptual. Penelitian ini menggunakan data hasil wawancara dengan pegiat sertifikasi halal dan data dari situs BPJPH, Dinas Koperasi dan UKM Provinsi Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa regulasi dan kebijakan pemerintah terkait sertifikasi halal memberikan kepastian hukum terhadap transformasi digital dalam pelaksanaan sertifikasi halal di Provinsi Jawa Timur. Walaupun capaian pelaku UMKM di Provinsi Jawa Timur tergolong rendah dibandingkan dengan provinsi lainnya, namun digitalisasi sertifikasi halal efektif dapat membantu UMKM Provinsi Jawa Timur untuk mengurangi biaya, mempercepat waktu sertifikasi halal, dan meningkatkan kepatuhan terhadap persyaratan halal sehingga percepatan dan peningkatan jumlah sertifikasi halal bagi UMKM dapat terlaksana dengan baik.
In a globalised world, entrepreneurial ventures and innovation projects today tend to function internationally across a range of different countries and regions in order to be successful. It is vital ...therefore for entrepreneurs, innovators and indeed all business professionals to be thinking and acting with a global mindset.This comprehensive textbook helps you to develop such a mindset by drawing on theory, research, examples and case studies. There is a strong focus on developing countries and emerging economies throughout the text given the centrality of these markets to successful business today. Dedicated chapters shine a unique spotlight on timely topics such as migration, immigration, ethnicity and digitalisation in relation to entrepreneurship. Case studies and examples are included from around the world and include small start-ups, SMEs and well-known international brands such as Amazon, Dyson and Uber.Written in an accessible style for readers, there are additionally a wide range of learning features in each chapter including learning outcomes, summaries and discussion questions, alongside visual aids.This text is essential reading for university and college courses related to international entrepreneurship and global innovation.Sarika Pruthi is Associate Professor in the School of Global Innovation and Leadership at Lucas College and Graduate School of Business, San Jos State University, USA.Jay Mitra is Professor of Business Enterprise and Innovation and Director of the Venture Academy at Essex Business School, University of Essex, UK, and Visiting Professor at Luneburg University, Germany.
Russian firms are important political actors in the former Soviet Union, and we use data on their choices of locations for foreign investment to draw inferences about their strategies and degree of ...autonomy from the Russian state. We find evidence that a substantial share of Russian firms prefer risky investment climates, which we interpret as evidence of rent-seeking strategies. This pattern is most pronounced for large state-owned firms. State-owned firms are responsive to the Russian foreign policy agenda, while privately-owned firms appear to be more autonomous. The evidence suggests that Russia deploys state-owned firms to extend its influence and exerts influence to make their investments profitable.
•Russian firms as a case of multinationals from an authoritarian country.•State-owned firms and the government as a case of reciprocal agency.•Bimodal distribution of FDI in terms of host country's political constraints.•Large SOEs more likely to invest in risky political environment.•SOEs more likely to align their interests with Russia's foreign policy.
The study of firm creation is becoming a focal point of business research, education, practice, and policymaking. Currently, it is estimated that 12 million people in the United States are involved ...in business start-ups, the phenomenon is embedded in the American culture—and in many others around the world. The Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (PSED) research program is designed to enhance the scientific understanding of how people start businesses, by gathering and providing primary data on the business creation process. The first data collection (PSED I) was initiated in 1998 and three follow-up surveys were completed by 2004. The second (PSED II), supported by the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation, the U.S. Small Business Administration, and the National Science Foundation, was initiated in 2005. Harmonized projects have been implemented in seven other countries. This volume, including contributions from the organizers and advisory committee members, presents assessments based on the initial and first follow-up PSED II data, two more follow-ups are in process. The book highlights key implications and applications and includes chapters covering entrepreneurial behavior, demographic and gender factors, financing the emerging business, ownership arrangements, and the roles of social capital and technology. Other assessments focus on the nature of those active as nascent entrepreneurs, the activities undertaken during the start-up process, and the characteristics of start-up efforts that become new firms, the appendix provides a detailed discussion of the data collection procedures. The result is an introduction to the theories, conceptualizations, approaches, and measurement of the business creation process. This book will be a valuable guide for those interested in business creation for research or policy objectives.
Are there returns to office in an authoritarian parliament? A new dataset shows that over 500 deputies to China’s National People’s Congress are CEOs of various companies. Entropy balancing is used ...to construct a weighted portfolio of Chinese companies that matches companies with NPC representation on relevant financial characteristics prior to the 11th Congress (2008–2012). The weighted fixed effect analysis suggests that a seat in the NPC is worth an additional 1.5 percentage points in returns and a 3 to 4 percentage point boost in operating profit margin in a given year. Additional evidence reveals that these rents stem primarily from the “reputation boost” of the position, and not necessarily formal policy influence. These findings confirm the assumptions of several prominent theories of authoritarian politics but suggest the need to further probe the nature of these institutions.
