Eros Carvalho: diálogos interdisciplinares urgentes Fernandes, Christiane Costa de Matos; Guimaraes, Deborah Moreira; dos Santos, Fabio Candido ...
Ekstasis (Rio de Janeiro),
06/2021, Letnik:
10, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Entrevista com Eros Carvalho por Christiane Costa M. Fernandes, Deborah Moreira Guimarães, Taciane Alves da Silva e Fábio Candido dos Santos Esta entrevista foi elaborada por Christiane Costa de ...Matos Fernandes, Deborah Moreira Guimarães, Fábio Candido dos Santos e Taciane Alves da Silva. As perguntas foram enviadas por e-mail ao professor e pesquisador Dr. Eros Carvalho, que as respondeu por escrito. Agradecemos ao Prof. Eros Carvalho não apenas a disposição em realizar a entrevista como também a gentileza e a solicitude para com o corpo editorial da Revista Ekstasis.
Amor in Vergil: Good or Bad? Johnston, Patricia A.
Acta antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae,
04/2023, Letnik:
61, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Abstract
Vergil interweaves the varying meanings of
amor
, from not only a positive force, to aggressive desires and to all its varied aspects, making it both harsh, deceptive and cruel, and ...conversely something very special reflecting things most cherished and respected.
Neste artigo apresentamos uma interpretação ao discurso de Fedro do Banquete platônico, um dos menos trabalhados pela tradição interpretativa. Analisamos inserção das três personagens: Alceste, Orfeu ...e Aquiles, na estrutura do discurso. Alceste uma mulher que morre para que o marido Admeto continue vivo, Orfeu que não tendo coragem de morrer por Eurídice invade o Hades usando artifícios e Aquiles que segue Pátroclo na morte. Compreendemos então o olhar favorável reservado a Aquiles no discurso. Nossa interpretação explora questões relativas à pederastia e marca no texto a diferença entre referências específicas a essa instituição e simples referências a amantes e amados, essas últimas mais amplas. Amplas ao ponto de inserir, como amante, numa fala marcada por referências a contextos em que figuram exclusivamente homens, a personagem Alceste. Fedro apresenta a variável do olhar do parceiro um elemento intensificador do repúdio às coisas repugnantes e da ambição pelas coisas belas, mecanismo característico da relação erótica e fundamental para sua coesão. O ápice da manifestação de Eros seria morrer pelo outro. A posição de eromenos na relação pederástica e o fato de ter morrido quando Pátroclo já estava morto são elementos que diferenciam a narrativa de Aquiles da de Alceste. Apesar de terem morrido por quem amavam, Aquiles, um menino, o fez sem que estivesse sob o olhar do outro. Nossa leitura permite, ao verificar meandros da fala e Fedro, compreender o extraordinário benefício concedido pelos deuses ao eromenos Aquiles neste que é o primeiro dos discursos do Banquete.
Near-Earth Asteroids (NEAs) are excellent laboratories for processes that affect the surfaces of airless bodies. Most NEAs were not expected to contain OH/H2O on their surfaces because they are ...primarily S-complex objects and sourced from the inner Main Belt, which is interior of the frost line, and their surface temperatures are high enough to remove these volatiles. However, a 3-μm feature typically indicative of OH/H2O was identified on other seemingly dry bodies in the inner Solar System, such as the Moon and Vesta, and more recently on the NEAs (433) Eros, (1036) Ganymed, and (3122) Florence. The most likely sources for OH/H2O on these bodies include carbonaceous chondrite impacts or interactions with protons implanted by solar wind. We investigated the causes of band depth and shape variations on NEAs by comparing new observations of Eros and Ganymed to those previously published and conducting a rotationally-resolved spectral study on Florence. All spectra discussed were collected by SpeX on NASA's IRTF using the LXD_short (1.67–4.2 μm) mode to characterize the 3-μm region. Some observations also used the prism (0.7–2.52 μm) mode to characterize asteroid spectral type and investigate silicate composition dependencies. All three asteroids possess exogenously sourced OH/H2O and have spectra that show potential spatially correlated variations in band depth or shape. Eros' band is slightly wider at the poles than at lower sub-observer latitudes, possibly due to its high obliquity, which ensures that each polar region is oriented toward the Sun over a significant part of its orbit. Ganymed's trends in hydration band depth with sub-solar longitude and band I center suggest a carbonaceous or cometary impactor that struck the surface around 0° relative longitude, excavating a relatively magnesium- and olivine-enriched layer. Florence's total hydrogen concentration remains stable across the surface even as the OH-to-H2O ratio changes as the asteroid rotates. These three examples suggest that non-native OH/H2O on other bodies will likely also be spatially dependent, regardless of delivery mechanism.
•Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) (433) Eros, (1036) Ganymed, and (3122) Florence exhibit signs or potential signs of hydration.•Numerous observations of Eros and Ganymed show the near infrared (NIR) hydration band varies in depth and shape.•Rotational study of NIR hydration band on Florence also shows depth and shape variations.•The hydrated material is likely exogeneous, from solar wind hydrogen implantation and/or carbonaceous/cometary impacts.•Hydration band depth and shape variations on all three NEAs are potentially spatially correlated.
In order to understand the geological evolution of asteroids Eros, Itokawa and Ryugu and their collisional history, previous studies investigated boulder size distributions on their surfaces. ...However, quantitative comparison of these size distributions is hampered by numerous differences between these studies regarding the definition of a boulder's size, measuring technique and the fitting method to determine the power-index of the boulder size distributions. We provide a consistent and coherent model of boulder size distributions by remeasuring the boulders on the entire surfaces of Eros and Itokawa using the Small Body Mapping Tool (SBMT) and combining our observations with the Ryugu data of Michikami et al. (2019). We derived power-indices of the boulder size distributions of −3.25 ± 0.14 for Eros, −3.05 ± 0.14 for Itokawa and −2.65 ± 0.05 for Ryugu. The asteroid with the highest number density of boulders ≥ 5 m turns out to be Ryugu, not Itokawa, as suggested by an earlier study. We show that the appearance of the boulders tends towards more elongated shapes as the size of an asteroid decreases, which can be explained by differences in asteroid gravity and boulder friction angles. Our quantitative observational results indicate that boulder migration preferentially affects smaller boulders, and tends to occur on larger asteroids.
•First comparative survey free from observer bias of boulders on Eros, Itokawa and Ryugu.•Boulders appear to be more elongated as the size of an asteroid decreases.•Boulder migration preferentially affects smaller boulders and larger asteroids.
The article considers a significant aspect of Strada per Roma, namely the narcissistic personality of the main protagonist, the young Guido Corsalini, and the sensual valence of Paolo Volponi's early ...poetic production written at the same time of this novel. To this end, the essay traces, also in the light of analytical doctrines on the subject, but not only, Guido's inner journey, focusing on those episodes that highlight an Ego of the character that has remained emotionally stuck at an infantile age. Indeed, it will be the experience of intimacy with Barnaba, the separation from his childhood friend Ettore, that will mentally project Guido into a different, more adult and conscious mental atmosphere, on the streets of Roma.
A partir de la revisión de la antología El canon abierto. Última poesía en español el presente artículo plantea que una importante parte de la poesía en lengua española circunda el tema de la ...construcción de la imagen. Esto lo hace a partir de la melancolía y de la estética barroca que fungen como dos características canónica de la cultura iberoamericana. En el trabajo se observa que pese a las diferentes corrientes estéticas de dicha poesía existe una tendencia natural hacia la recreación de imágenes inspiradas o generadas por el estado melancólico.
In 2021 was published a unique monograph on the interpretation of the evocation of Ignatius of Antioch, “My Eros”, presenting research from the beginning of Christianity (the letters come from the ...beginning of the 2nd century) to our times. It is a book by Krzysztof Abucewicz entitled The Crucified “Eros” of Ignatius of Antioch (Katowice 2021, 676 pages). The book is unique due to the wide scope of research and the extremely high competency of its author. The extensive amount of the work put into the research is awe-inspiring. The aim of the article is to show the content and main qualities of the book and to critically analyze of the conclusions drawn by Krzysztof Abucewicz. This article tries to clarify answers to the question about the possibility of establishing unequivocal conclusions, which researchers of history, literature and theology come to, regarding the interpretation of the evocation of Ignatius of Antioch. In this sense, the article is polemical in nature, aimed at encouraging theologians to read the discussed monograph and use it in their own theological research.
Of the several near-Earth and Main Belt asteroids visited by spacecraft to date, three display a paucity of small craters and an enhanced number of smoothed and degraded craters: 433 Eros, which has ...a deficit of craters ≲100 m in diameter; 2867 Šteins, which has a deficit of craters ≲500 m in diameter; and 25143 Itokawa, which has a deficit of craters ≲100 m in diameter. The purpose of this work was to investigate and model topographic modification and crater erasure due to impact-induced seismic shaking, as well as impact-driven regolith production and loss, on these asteroid surfaces. To perform this study, we utilized the numerical, three-dimensional, Cratered Terrain Evolution Model (CTEM) initially presented in J. E. Richardson, Icarus 204 (2009), which received a small-body (SB) specific update for this work. SBCTEM simulations of the surface of 433 Eros correctly reproduce its observed cratering record (for craters up to ∼3 km in diameter) at a minimum Main Belt exposure age of 225±75 Myr using a ‘very weak rock’ target strength of 0.5–5.0 MPa, and producing a mean regolith depth of 80±20 m, which agrees with published estimates of an actual regolith layer “tens of meters” in depth. SBCTEM simulations of the surface of 2867 Šteins correctly reproduce its heavily softened cratering record at a minimum Main Belt exposure age of 175±25 Myr using a ‘weak rock’ target strength of 2.5–5.0 MPa. Extending this simulation produces a mean regolith depth of 155±5 m at a minimum Main Belt exposure age of 475±25 Myr, in good agreement with the 145±35 m actual mean regolith depth estimated from two chains of drainage-pit craters on the surface, with both crater density and regolith depth in an equilibrium state. SBCTEM simulations of the surface of 25143 Itokawa correctly reproduce its extremely sparse cratering record at a minimum Main Belt exposure age of 20±5 Myr, using a ‘soft soil’ target strength of 10-20 kPa, and producing a mean regolith overturn depth of 5.0±1.0 m, given that Itokawa is composed entirely of regolith and boulders. These simulations demonstrate the efficacy of impact-induced seismic shaking to erase small craters on the surface of asteroids ≲25 km mean diameter, correctly reproducing their observed cratering records while using a Main Belt impactor population and standard crater scaling relationships. These simulations also show that the observed regolith layer on asteroids in the 5-50 km size range can be generated entirely through impact cratering processes, and indicate that regolith depth can be used as a additional constraint on the surface age of a given asteroid.
•Three asteroids show a deficit of small craters: 433 Eros, 2867 Steins, 25143 Itokawa.•This deficit is hypothesized to be caused by impact-induced seismic shaking.•We performed three-dimensional terrain, Monte-Carlo crater modeling for each.•These small crater deficits are correctly reproduced when seismic shaking is included.•Asteroid regolith production is also shown to be due to impact cratering processes.
Resumo Inspirado por Martha Nussbaum e tomando como referência a ideia formativa inerente à ascese amorosa, o artigo investiga o significado atribuído a Eros por Platão em O banquete. Primeiro, ...reconstruímos o discurso de Aristófanes, enfatizando o aspecto de dupla comédia da vida humana. Depois, analisamos o caráter formativo do discurso de Diotima em termos de um duplo ensinamento: o da sacerdotisa a Sócrates e o de Sócrates a nós. Em seguida, indicamos o quanto a dialética do amor, ao ter que responder à objeção de Alcibíades, conduz à mudança da postura de Sócrates à medida que a presença de Alcibíades o faz retornar ao mundo sensível. Por fim, destacamos a dimensão formativa da ascese do amor e da reversibilidade de papéis entre erasta e erômeno, amante e amado.
Abstract Inspired by Martha Nussbaum and taking as its guideline the discussion on the formative idea inherent to the askesis of love, this paper investigates the meaning Plato attributes to Eros in the Symposium. First part reconstructs the speech from Aristophanes, emphasizing the double comedy of the human life. The second part summarizes the formative aspect of Diotima’s speech from the perspective of a double lesson: from the priestess to Socrates, and from him to ourselves. The third part tries to point out how much the dialectic of love, by having to respond to Alcibiades’ objection, is what leads to the change on Socrates’ posture, insofar as the presence of Alcibiades makes him to back into the sensible. Finally, the formative dimension of the askesis of love is highlighted, stressing how much it leads to the reversibility of roles between erasta and eromeno, between lover and beloved.
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