Este artigo trata de um dos principais movimentos partidários da direita política do período pós-revolucionário de Abril de 1974, o Movimento Federalista Português-Partido do Progresso, de existência ...breve, mas com extensa implantação territorial e assinalável rede de contactos, contando com um semanário oficial. Não tendo sido objecto de um estudo histórico sistematizado a´te aos dias de hoje. Para tal desiderato, o MFP-PP é analisado relacionando conjuntamente a época histórico-política com as vicissitudes do movimento, tendo particular enfoque na sua relação com as instituições do poder revolucionário, no seu relacionamento com outros partidos políticos, bem como na estruturação do MFP-PP.
30 DE ANI DE LA ADOPTAREA CONSTITUŢIEI, EDITURA MONITORUL OFICIAL, BUCUREŞTI, 2021 Câteva reflecţii despre The Federalist Papers Neputând găsi un model exact în istorie care să se potrivească ...situaţiei unice a celor 13 colonii engleze din America de Nord, care îşi câştigaseră cu greu independenţa faţă de Coroana britanică, Congresul de la Philadelphia în 1787 a fost răspunsul delegaţilor pentru rezolvarea acestei probleme, iar creaţia lor a fost Constituţia Statelor Unite. Punctul forte al intervenţiei sale îl constituie îndemnul ca dezbaterile asupra Constituţiei „să se axeze pe necesitatea la Legea fundamentală să aibă în centrul ei OMUL, cu drepturi şi libertăţi fundamentale, şi un stat capabil în mod real să asigure protejarea lui printr-o arhitectură constituţională care să statueze cooperarea loială dintre puteri în folosul cetăţeanului". Pentru a nu se abuza de putere trebuie ca, prin aranjarea lucrurilor, puterea să oprească puterea"5 - prof. Valeriu Stoica analizează forma de guvernământ - republica semiprezidenţială - ca fiind cea mai bună alegere pentru situaţia politică care a marcat evoluţia societăţii româneşti în perioada postdecembristă. În opinia autorului, pericolul denaturării unei republici parlamentare este la fel de mare ca cel al unei republici prezidenţiale, deoarece fascinaţia puterii absolute poate modifica distribuţia raţională a puterii între diferitele structuri, poate altera raporturile de colaborare şi control între acestea.
Introduction. The authors analyze the peculiarities of the formation, evolution and prospects of Russian ethnofederalism, based on the achievements of Russian and Western researchers. Methods and ...materials. Along with classical approaches to the nature of ethnofederalism, the authors proceed from the concept that relations between the elites of the center and the regions in the Russian Federation are based on the so-called “incomplete contract”, which is characterized by the absence of guarantees for its implementation. Analysis. This political practice comes as a source of the elites desire to change the distribution of power and resources in their favor while the Constitution remains unchanged, the “pendulum” nature of relations along the “federal center – regions” line. In modern Russia federalism does not have a value dimension, both for the elites of the center and the elites of most regions, and it remains a purely instrumental concept. The authors build their analysis of interethnic relations and the prospects of ethnic federalism in Russia, proceeding not from any ideal model, but starting from the existing ethnic political reality with its already existing imperfect institutions of ethnic federalism. At the same time, a differentiated approach is used to assess the correlation between federalism and ethnicity. Results. The authors come to the conclusion that, despite the numerous shortcomings of the ethnic model of federalism (organizational complexity, special requirements for political elites, asymmetry with its inherent “injustice”, etc.), there is no real alternative to it in Russia.
The paper focuses on the use of federalism and confederalism by the ruling elites during the independence processes in America after the crisis of the Spanish monarchy in 1810. The hypothesis of this ...research is to develop a perspective of historical analysis of the relationship between federalism/confederalism and the crisis of 1810 that allows studying the emergence of the American independence processes. To this aim, the paper applies the method of qualitative analysis of ideas considering the methodology of intellectual history. The objectives are to explain the reasons why the formation of one or several American confederations was proposed as a possible solution to the crisis; why they were considered an option of political organization to preserve the Monarchy; to analyze the ideas of Hispanic federation born from the discussion on the decline of empires in the 18th century; to show the diversity of federal expressions that developed throughout the 1810s.
An authoritative guide to federal democracy from two respected experts in the field Around the world, federalism has emerged as the system of choice for nascent republics and established nations ...alike. In this book, leading scholars and governmental advisers Robert Inman and Daniel Rubinfeld consider the most promising forms of federal governance and the most effective path to enacting federal policies. The result is an essential guide to federalism, its principles, its applications, and its potential to enhance democratic governance.Drawing on the latest work from economics, political science, and law, Inman and Rubinfeld assess different models of federalism and their relative abilities to promote economic efficiency, encourage the participation of citizens, and protect individual liberties. Under the right conditions, the authors argue, a federal democracy—including a national legislature with locally elected representatives—can best achieve these goals. Because a stable union between the national and local governments is key, Inman and Rubinfeld also propose an innovative method for evaluating new federal laws and their possible impact on state and local governments. Finally, to show what the adoption of federalism can mean for citizens, the authors discuss the evolution of governance in the European Union and South Africa's transition from apartheid to a multiracial democracy.Interdisciplinary in approach, Democratic Federalism brims with applicable policy ideas and comparative case studies of global significance. This book is indispensable for understanding the importance of federal forms of government—both in recent history and, crucially, for future democracies.
El artigo presenta resultados parciales de una pesquisa comparativa que tiene como objetivo discutir sobre el federalismo como forma de organización del Estado y sus consecuencias para la ...organización del financiamiento de la educación básica en la Argentina y Brasil. Fue utilizada la metodología de análisis documental en especial a los documentos legales que organizan y regulan las relaciones federativas en la educación y en el financiamiento de la educación en los dos países. Como principales resultados se percibió que la oferta y el financiamiento de la educación básica están descentralizados y a cargo de los entes subnacionales, aunque existan mecanismos de actuación del ente nacional en el financiamiento de la educación, sea repartiendo ingresos de impuestos o complementando el financiamiento cuando necesario.
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