Recently, the public discourse on the search for opportunities and sources of development of small territories has been updated. A significant role is assigned to young people involved in various ...practices of socio-political participation and solving urgent social problems. The aim of the work was to highlight the features of civic participation of young people in small territories, which can and should be considered for effective interaction between authorities and civil society institutions. Empirical data were collected through a questionnaire survey of the youth of the Sverdlovsk region aged 14-35 years, conducted in October 2022 (n = 2500 people). In the study, a subset of young people from small territories (1,091 people) was compared with the youth of a large city (784 people). Descriptive analysis methods and nonparametric tests were used for the analysis. The results showed that young people from small towns and rural settlements show less interest in politics, but at the same time, they are more involved in the problems of local communities, feel more responsible for what is happening in their hometown, compared to the young residents of a large city, and are also more optimistic in assessing their capabilities. Considering similar forms of civic participation, young people from small territories demonstrate greater activity and willingness to do something for their hometown, and its residents; they also have a higher involvement in patriotic actions. The youth of large cities and small territories differ in the ways they participate in voluntary activities, as the latter prefers collective rather than individual forms of participation. The problem of distrust of young people of small towns and rural settlements towards non-profit organizations with a higher level of interpersonal and institutional trust is outlined. The obtained results contribute to the understanding of the problems and possibilities of using the youth resource for the development of small territories.
In the past three decades, there has been increasing research carried out on the role of heritage and its processes in achieving broader sustainable development objectives beyond heritage ...conservation. As part of this movement, people-centered approaches and participation have been widely integrated into international regulations and guidelines on heritage management, stimulating the implementation of case studies-based research worldwide. Despite the wide advocacy of participatory heritage practices’ contributions to more inclusive and culturally sensitive local development in a great variety of projects, there is limited research into the roles these practices can have in addressing sustainability objectives. How are these roles addressed in international heritage regulatory frameworks, and what forms of participation are promoted for their fulfillment? This paper seeks to answer this research question through a content analysis of international declarations, conventions, guidelines, and policy documents focused on the roles and forms of participation that are promoted. A crossed-matched analysis of results reveals that active forms of participation are those most used to promote all roles and subcategories of participation, as a right, as a driver, and as an enabler of sustainable development. However, fewer active forms are presented as complementary at different stages of sustainability-oriented heritage practices. Moreover, a higher incidence of generic forms of participation can be observed in documents addressing international stakeholders, while partnership and intervention are to be found in those targeting regional and local actors. Nevertheless, the low incidence of decisional forms of participation confirms the challenges of power-sharing at all scales. Trends and influences are highlighted, informing heritage research, governance, and policymaking, but also revealing gaps and ambiguities in current regulations that further research encompassing a larger number of documents might confirm.
El artículo reflexiona sobre la acción política que algunas mujeres emprendieron en la arena pública durante la posrevolución sonorense, al involucrarse y tomar postura en los distintos conflictos ...que agitaron al estado en ese periodo. Interesa examinar las demandas que enarbolaron, los contextos en los que gestaron sus organizaciones y las alianzas que establecieron para fundamentar su participación en el espacio público y llegar, al cabo de los años, a dirigir sindicatos, ocupar puestos en la administración estatal, en los partidos políticos y en los cargos de elección popular una vez que se legisló el sufragio femenino en 1953. El texto es producto de un trabajo de archivo realizado durante varios años y pretende contribuir al conocimiento sobre la presencia y la acción pública de las mujeres en Sonora y en general a los estudios historiográficos sobre las mujeres que en la región se viene desarrollando recientemente.
The present article aims at exploring the concept of ill-being by setting a typology of tourism experiences and the associated forms of ill-being. A qualitative study was conducted on 31 ...French-speaking tourists. It reveals different types of tourism experiences (commercial/non-commercial) and forms of participation (interaction/active participation). Several types of ill-being have been identified. Managerial recommendations are provided to tourism professionals on how to improve the experiences of their customers according to each type of ill-being.
This research focuses on analysing collective activity in Wikipedia, conceptualised as an Online Epistemic Community (“OEC”). Previous research on Wikipedia has shown that widespread participation, ...coupled with the principle of neutrality of viewpoint, has led to ‘editing wars’ and associated high coordination costs. The question that we address is therefore that of how to analyse the interactive dynamics of conflictual OEC discussions. To address this issue, we performed a longitudinal analysis of a specific case-study within the French-speaking “astronomy” Wikipedia OEC, revolving around the renaming of the article on the celestial body “Pluto”, given the ‘descent’ of its scientific status from that of a planet to an asteroid. Our choice was to focus on the analysis of dialogic and epistemic roles, as an appropriate meso-level unit of analysis. We present a qualitative-quantitative method for analysis of roles, based on filtering major participants and analysing the dialogic functions and epistemic contents of their communicative acts. Our analyses showed that online epistemic communities can be communities in the true sense of their involving cooperation, in that roles become gradually specialised and reciprocal over sequences of the discussion: when one participant changes role from one sequence to another, other participants ‘fill in’ for the vacant role. Secondly, we show that OECs, in the case of Wikipedia, do not function purely on a knowledge-level, but also involve, crucially, negotiation of images of participants’ competences with respect to the knowledge domain. In that sense, OECs can be seen as socio-cognitive communities. The originality of our research resides in the qualitative-quantitative method for analysing interactive roles, and the results of its application to an extended longitudinal case study.
•We develop a methodology for qualitative-quantitative analysis of interactive roles in Online Epistemic Communities (OECs).•We show how interactive roles are reciprocal and symmetrical in OECs.•We show that OECs involve both knowledge-based and interpersonal processes (negotiation of images of participants’ competences).
SHIFTING INEQUALITIES Stolle, Dietlind; Hooghe, Marc
European societies,
02/2011, Letnik:
13, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Participation patterns in industrialized democracies have changed considerably in the last couple of decades. While institutionalized forms of participation (e.g., party membership) are declining, we ...can observe a rise in the occurrence of non-institutionalized forms of political participation. In this article we pose the question of what the effect of this trend has been for patterns of political stratification during the period 1974-2002 using the Political Action Survey as well as the European Social Survey. It can be observed that gender differences have been substantially reduced and in some cases even reversed for non-institutionalized participation and women tend to be more active in these forms than men. Younger age groups also clearly have a preference for non-institutionalized forms. Stratification based on education, however, remains the same compared to the 1970s. These findings are confirmed by a longitudinal analysis of Dutch Election Studies data for the period 1971-1998. We conclude that the emergence of new forms of political participation might have reduced age and gender based inequalities; however, it does not offer a solution for inequalities based on education.
Objetivo: analizar y contrastar los roles y formas de incidencia de los participantes en seis mercados locales y campesinos de México y Colombia a partir de trayectorias, motivaciones y estrategias ...diversas. Metodología: el diseño metodológico privilegia la tradición cualitativa a partir del uso de diferentes herramientas e instrumentos para la recolección y análisis de la información, tomando como referente la perspectiva centrada en el actor y los estudios de caso, permitiendo recuperar y contrastar las voces de sus protagonistas en torno a roles, contextos y las formas de participación. Resultados: las trayectorias, experiencias e intereses de las participantes de estos mercados incide en la configuración de prácticas productivas, comerciales, organizativas y de consumo, dando lugar a estrategias diversas frente a problemáticas similares. Limitaciones: las particularidades de los contextos en los que se ubican estas experiencias, las trayectorias de quienes asumen determinados roles y las coyunturas que enfrentan, hacen que las funciones, objetivos y estrategias se transformen continuamente. Conclusiones: la heterogeneidad y dinamismo de los participantes permite reconocer en estos espacios la posibilidad de transitar hacia relaciones y vínculos que van más allá del mercado, adquiriendo sentidos e intereses diversos entre sus participantes.
Since the beginning of the new millennium, initiatives known as roundtables have been developed to create voluntary sustainability standards for agricultural commodities. Intended to be private and ...voluntary in nature, these initiatives claim their legitimacy from their ability to ensure the participation of all categories of stakeholders in horizontal participatory and inclusive processes. This article characterizes the political and material instruments employed as the means of formulating agreement and taking a variety of voices into consideration in these arenas. Referring to the specific case of the “Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil”, I undertake a detailed analysis of the tensions relating to different forms of participation, which create a gap between “local minority voices” and international stakeholders—either non-governmental organizations (NGOs) or industries. Local communities and small-scale farmers face difficulties when making their voices heard in the form of debate proposed. Firstly, some participants attempt to re-impose a vertical hierarchical relationship between small-scale farmers or affected communities and company managers/directors in order to deprive the former of their powers of representation and of being able to transform reality. Secondly, the liberalism of interest groups in the roundtable accords value to experts, global knowledge, strategy, and detachment, at the expense of other capabilities of rooted or attached people who come to defend their real lives with a desire to raise critical issues of injustice. In this context, I highlight the capacity of local NGOs to relieve some of those tensions and to help locally affected communities and small-scale farmers introduce public stages for debates, by accommodating other forms of participation apart from the liberal one. By being close to and by restoring their dignity through a specific work of solicitude and care, local NGOs prepare affected people for public speaking.
Adolescents in educational institutions are one of the groups of children whose voice is seldom heard, who have fewer opportunities to participate, and face more obstacles when they want to ...participate. Furthermore, growing up in out-of-home care often increases the children’s vulnerability and endangers their participatory rights in terms of obtaining adequate information on the course of care, the opportunities to participate in decisions relevant to their life and care, the impact on the quality of care, etc. The aim of this paper is to describe adolescent participation from two perspectives: prescribed and formalized in the form of beneficiary councils in educational institutions and in the form of adolescent’s experiences in institutions. A qualitative approach was used, and the data were obtained from focus groups with adolescents, as well as from descriptions of beneficiary councils through online questionnaires. The results shed light on the importance of adolescent’s rights but also on the lack of their fulfilment in educational institutions, especially when it comes to participation. Adolescents’ participation in educational institutions is perceived as limited, characterized by restriction and a lack of choice, which results in decreased motivation for participation. Beneficiary councils, despite being regulated in terms of legislation, are not considered a significant form of child participation in educational institutions.
In this article the author makes an attempt to analyze a range of contradictory issues that arise in social practice based on the own results of surveying ethno national communities in the territory ...of post-Soviet Ukraine. Having considered various motifs of either participation or non-participation of minorities in the activity of ethno national organizations, the main factors influencing social activity of minorities in social life and their connection with life plans, self-identification and its type have been determined. The need to match the suggested form of the organization of activities with the interests and demands of the audience, which today are very diverse, settles the case study. The article proposes the analysis of internal and external reasons of conflicts occurring at different stages of community development. The role of ethno national organizations, as an element of civil society, the influence of state ethno national policy and degree of democracy inside organizations have been described.The article presents personality of minorities typology on the basis of the degree of their activity, internal structure of ethno national communities at local territorial level is disclosed. Recommendations on involving new, currently passive members to the community into the activity of ethno cultural communities and organizations were given.The results of the research can be applied at the stage of elaboration of community development plans for ethno cultural organizations and can be used for the course of Ethnopolitics, Ethnosociology and Ethnoculture. Certain methodological conclusions may be of help for the development of state ethno policy in Ukraine. The article clarifies problems and aspects related to a polycultural society.
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