We present an integrated petrological, petrophysical, and hydrogeological study of the critical zone (CZ) developed in the Hercynian granitic basement of the Strengbach watershed (Vosges Massif, ...France) to characterize its deep architecture and water circulation levels. For this purpose, six boreholes (50–120 m depth), from which three are cored, and three piezometers (10–15 m depth) were drilled to define the vertical extension and lateral variability of the main CZ horizons. The Strengbach watershed is composed of a topsoil horizon of limited vertical extension (0.8–1.2 m), a mobile saprolite level, and an in-place fractured bedrock. The latter is subdivided into a few meters thick saprock horizon, defined by open sub-horizontal fractures and a deeper fractured bedrock horizon with steeply dipping fractures (\({>}\)50°). In the north-facing slope, the vertical extension of the mobile saprolite horizon increases from \({\approx }\)1–2 m at the top of the slope to \({\approx }\)9 m downstream, close to the valley bottom. In contrast, the south-facing and more easterly slope shows a mobile saprolite horizon with limited vertical extension (\({\approx }\)2–3 m thick). Such a difference is associated with the existence of a knickpoint in the river bed, separating a downstream zone marked by currently active erosion from an upstream one, less prone to erosion, with preserved reliefs formed around 20 ka ago. The water circulation scheme within the Strengbach watershed involves two different systems: a subsurface circulation within the shallow aquifer, corresponding to the mobile saprolite horizon and the saprock, and a deeper circulation in the fractured bedrock. The water circulation in the fractured bedrock is controlled by fractures of regional orientations, linked to the Vosges massif and the Rhine Graben Tertiary tectonics, and partly to reactivated Hercynian fracture zones. The unaltered bedrock was not reached by any of the three cores. These results from the Strengbach CZ demonstrate the importance of integrating geological history of the watershed, either the long-term geological bedrock evolution or the Quaternary erosion patterns, to better understand and model the CZ hydrological functioning at the watershed scale.
The methodology of the recently attempted evaluation of geosites of the planned Geopark Małopolska Vistula River Gap is questioned. Firstly, the palaeogeographical features are not recognized ...properly. Secondly, the complexity of geosites is treated only partly. Thirdly, many important aesthetic properties are missed. Although this does not diminish significantly the evaluation of the loess-related geoheritage of the planned geopark, further work is necessary in order to standardize the procedures of geoheritage recognition, valuing, and promotion for tourism purposes. This is especially important in the case of Quaternary-related geosites characterized by significant complexity.
Os elementos da geodiversidade são passíveis de ameaças, muitas vezes relacionadas às interferências antrópicas. A expansão urbana, particularmente, tem elevado os impactos causados à geodiversidade ...e resulta na perda de locais de interesse geológicos importantes. Os municípios de Santos, São Vicente e Cubatão possuem importantes registros do passado e da história evolutiva da região, contudo é uma área densamente urbanizada, e tais locais não são levados em consideração nos planos de ordenamento do território. Neste contexto, fez-se o inventário e a avaliação quantitativa dos locais de interesse geológico. Seis geossítios e três sítios da geodiversidade foram definidos, os quais representam a história geológica da região no período do Neoproterozoico ao Quaternário. Verificou-se que a urbanização afetou diretamente os locais de interesse geológico, provocando perda de elementos da geodiversidade, sendo que tais locais devem ser preservados e levados em consideração ao realizar intervenções na região.
El centro histórico de Sitioviejo es uno de los pocos y antiguos complejos mineros en Colombia que aún conserva vigente parte de su integralidad física, constituyéndose además en un hito y referente ...de la memoria histórica del departamento y la nación, toda vez que su impacto en el imaginario social ha sido la evidencia material e inmaterial del desarrollo tecnológico, social y económico del departamento por varias centurias, constituyéndose en patrimonio geológico, industrial y minero, en sus interacciones con el contexto natural, urbano-arquitectónico, cultural y de apropiación social.Desde lo metodológico se plantea una mirada integral y holística del patrimonio cultural, en sintonía con sus valores esenciales asociados a las tres categorías enunciadas, en un proceso de indagación y revisión crítica de las diversas fuentes primarias y documentales de archivo, levantamientos físico espaciales de campo, entrevistas a ex mineros y viejos pobladores, talleres participativos de invocación, creación y recreación de la memoria e imaginaros locales, con habitantes y vecinos del corregimiento, a fin de generar un discurso de identidad y determinar los valores compartidos, sobre la base del patrimonio, como un recurso y bien redituable a la sociedad.El objetivo central de esta investigación se centra en la valoración del conjunto histórico, arqueológico, urbano y arquitectónico de ‘Sitioviejo’ en el municipio de Titiribí-Antioquia como categoría de patrimonio industrial, y el reconocimiento de su ámbito de influencia, teniendo en cuenta la tesis del patrimonio industrial como categoría abarcante, compleja y multidimensional, y sobre la base de promover una mirada como conjunto, en consideración a sus valores: histórico, contextual-territorial, socio-cultural, tecnológico, urbano-arquitectónico y científico.
Numerous challenges are associated with scientific collection management including available resources, strategy development, communication, conservation plans, incorporation policies and other ...issues arising in day-to-day operations. All of these actions are part of ex situ geological and paleontological collections each with their own problems and solutions. This study carries out a comparative investigation of integrative strategies (databases and networks) in Brazilian geology and paleontology collections related to the university environment. A survey submitted to curators from 41 collections at 23 different institutions from Brazil allowed gathering information about their curatorial practices. The collected data used quantitative and qualitative methodologies, drawing parallel to the literature when appropriate. The analysis of these Brazilian collections shows how transdisciplinary innovation transforms museological environments, based on networks and database systems, enabling best practices. Whether through collection networks, systems or databases, interdisciplinary work permeates the entire life of the scientific object and, therefore, is considered a fundamental action in its maintenance and management. It became clear that the national reality, permeated with museological solutions, could easily be interpreted and adapted for similar collections, agreeing on best practices to the preservation of ex situ paleontological and geological heritage.
When making land-use plans, it is necessary to inventory and catalogue the geological heritage and geodiversity of a site to establish an apolitical conservation protection plan to meet the ...educational and social needs of society. New technologies make it possible to create virtual databases using virtual globes – e.g., Google Earth – and other personal-use geomatics applications (smartphones, tablets, PDAs) for accessing geological heritage information in “real time” for scientific, educational, and cultural purposes via a virtual geological itinerary. Seventeen mapped and georeferenced geosites have been created in Keyhole Markup Language for use in map layers used in geological itinerary stops for different applications.
A virtual tour has been developed for Las Quilamas Natural Park, which is located in the Spanish Central System, using geological layers and topographic and digital terrain models that can be overlaid in a 3D model. The Google Earth application was used to import the geosite placemarks. For each geosite, a tab has been developed that shows a description of the geology with photographs and diagrams and that evaluates the scientific, educational, and tourism quality.
Augmented reality allows the user to access these georeferenced thematic layers and overlay data, images, and graphics in real time on their mobile devices. These virtual tours can be incorporated into subject guides designed by public. Seven educational and interpretive panels describing some of the geosites were designed and tagged with a QR code that could be printed at each stop or in the printed itinerary. These QR codes can be scanned with the camera found on most mobile devices, and video virtual tours can be viewed on these devices. The virtual tour of the geological heritage can be used to show tourists the geological history of the Las Quilamas Natural Park using new geomatics technologies (virtual globes, augmented reality, and QR codes).
•Establishes a methodology for a geological heritage itinerary with virtual globes.•Geosites placemarks in KML used in geological itinerary stops in natural park.•Databases for geomatics applications (smarthphones, tablets, PDA).•Virtual tours implemented in mobile devices: augmented reality, panels and QR codes.
Geodiversity is an important term for future geoheritage management strategies. It is modelled on the term biodiversity that today dominates the work of nature conservation. It describes a complexity ...of natural attributes in all scales and represents both opportunities and challenges for management strategies. Drawing on experience of geoconservation from across Europe this article focusses on three major issues important to the future geoheritage work: (1) geodiversity as a comprehensive framework for management, (2) the importance of legislation and strategies and (3) practical conservation, management and land use. In focussing on these issues it should not be forgotten however that the very need for conservation of the geological heritage is still not well developed and accepted in many countries and needs to be promoted as a priority. It is argued here that the term geodiversity should be used flexibly to retain relevance across different aspects of geoscience, natural terrains, countries and aspects. Cooperation between institutions and countries is necessary to maintain and develop geoconservation strategies and should be given higher priority, defined scientifically to promote the scientific and educational status, promoted and shared internationally. National legislation is also very important and should be backed by international conventions and international organisations. In Europe geoheritage, geoconservation and geodiversity should be accepted as EU policy and integrated into EU directives.
Los restos derivados de las actividades mineras, tanto materiales como inmateriales, se han sometido a un creciente proceso de valorización patrimonial que ha permitido sustentar iniciativas ...culturales relevantes (museos mineros, parques mineros, etc.). Analizamos aquí el patrimonio minero en el contexto de los geoparques Unesco. El objetivo es favorecer una mejor visibilidad del patrimonio minero aprovechando la «marca» que ofrecen los geoparques, al integrar las actividades de turismo minero dentro de las geoturísticas. La metodología utilizada parte principalmente de la revisión bibliográfica y de la consulta de la información ofrecida por los geoparques sobre la promoción turística. Los resultados se centran en una revisión teórica de la importancia del patrimonio minero a partir de las actuaciones en los geoparques: Cabo de Gata-Níjar, Sierra Norte de Sevilla, Villuercas- Ibores-Jara y Cataluña Central.
Dans le cadre de l’Inventaire National du Patrimoine Géologique (INPG), initié en 2007 par le Ministère de l’Environnement, le Quaternaire de la vallée de la Somme fait actuellement l’objet de 19 ...fiches de site. Une démarche d’Arrêté Préfectoral de Protection de Géotope (APPG) est parallèlement en cours pour les plus menacés. Le but de cet article est de replacer ces différents sites de référence de la Somme dans une synthèse des données stratigraphiques, géochronologiques et paléoenvironnementales concernant le dernier million d’années. Le bassin de la Somme se caractérise par la coexistence de deux types de contextes sédimentaires et morphologiques complémentaires les séquences fluviatiles de vallée et les séquences de versant. Ces deux contextes sont intimement liés dans un système de terrasses fluviatiles alluviales comportant dix nappes alluviales étagées recouvertes par des séquences de versant (loess‑paléosols). Dans ce système, la cyclicité climatique glaciaire-interglaciaire (cycles d’environ 100 000 ans) est enregistrée à la fois dans les différentes nappes alluviales et dans les séquences loess-paléosols dont la complexité est proportionnelle à l’âge des dépôts fluviatiles qu’elles recouvrent. Le système de terrasses de la Somme a joué un rôle historique dans l’émergence de la Préhistoire et de la Géologie du Quaternaire depuis la deuxième moitié du xixe siècle. Malheureusement, l’importance scientifique et patrimoniale de ces témoins, souvent localisés dans d’anciennes carrières en zone périurbaine subissant une forte pression d’urbanisation, n’a pas toujours été clairement perçue. Six d’entre elles ont cependant été préservées par un classement au titre du patrimoine archéologique. Nous avons donc perdu un grand nombre de ces séquences de référence et il devient urgent de préserver dans cette vallée une série de localités offrant à la fois une bonne visibilité pour le grand public et des perspectives pour le développement de nouvelles recherches sur le Quaternaire. Le classement et la protection d’une série de sites quaternaires représente donc une étape initiale fondamentale pour la préservation de ce patrimoine unique afin qu’il puisse conserver à l’avenir une place de premier plan dans les problématiques scientifiques associées à la géologie du Quaternaire, à la paléoclimatologie et à la Préhistoire.
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