High‐Throughput (HT) technologies such as miniature bioreactors (MBRs) are increasingly employed within the biopharmaceutical manufacturing industry. Traditionally, these technologies have been ...utilized for discrete screening approaches during pre‐clinical development (e.g., cell line selection and process optimization). However, increasing interest is focused towards their use during late clinical phase process characterization studies as a scale‐down model (SDM) of the cGMP manufacturing process. In this review, the authors describe a systematic approach toward SDM development in one of the most widely adopted MBRs, the ambr 15 and 250 mL (Sartorius Stedim Biotech) systems. Recent efforts have shown promise in qualifying ambr systems as SDMs to support more efficient, robust and safe biomanufacturing processes. The authors suggest that combinatorial improvements in process understanding (matching of mass transfer and cellular stress between scales through computational fluid dynamics and in vitro analysis), experimental design (advanced risk assessment and statistical design of experiments), and data analysis (combining uni‐ and multi‐variate techniques) will ultimately yield ambr SDMs applicable for future regulatory submissions.
Increasing adoption and better understanding of ambr systems shifts the focus from its use as a screening tool to support process characterization studies. With high throughput data pipelines and sophisticated data analytics in place, ambr systems can be expected to support regulatory submissions and continuous lifecycle management in the coming years.
High‐throughput systems allow screening and analysis of large number of samples simultaneously under same conditions. Over recent years, high‐throughput systems have found applications in fields ...other than drug discovery like bioprocess industries, pollutant detection, material microarrays, etc. With the introduction of materials in such HT platforms, the screening system has been enabled for solid phases apart from conventional solution phase. The use of biomaterials has further facilitated cell‐based assays in such platforms. Here, the authors have focused on the recent developments in biomaterial‐based platforms including the fabricationusing contact and non‐contact methods and utilization of such platforms for discovery of novel biomaterials exploiting interaction of biological entities with surface and bulk properties. Finally, the authors have elaborated on the application of the biomaterial‐based high‐throughput platforms in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, cancer and stem cell studies. The studies show encouraging applications of biomaterial microarrays. However, success in clinical applicability still seems to be a far off task majorly due to absence of robust characterization and analysis techniques. Extensive focus is required for developing personalized medicine, analytical tools and storage/shelf‐life of cell laden microarrays.
Recent developments in biomaterial based high‐throughput platforms including the fabrication and discovery and their utilization in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine with special focus on cancer and stem cell studies implying potential applications in personalized treatment strategies.
•A High-Throughput Screening (HTS) system is presented.•High correlation between gravimetric- and soil moisture-based evapotranspiration.•The root water uptake process was schematized by a logistic ...relationship.•Soil bulk density affected the root weight density and crop water consume.
Climate change is responsible for the increasing frequency and intensity of abiotic stresses generating water scarcity conditions. There is a need to breed plants adapted to future environmental conditions and resistant to water stress. This study presents a High-Throughput Screening (HTS) system for continuously and simultaneously monitoring plant stress response to drought in a semi-controlled environment. The HTS system combines a gravimetric weighing system with soil moisture and atmospheric sensors. In operative terms, the system was tested on the Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) under two soil water deficit treatments managed according to a feedback control irrigation scheduling.
The system was able to model the sage water stress function following the root water uptake macroscopic approach. The threshold of soil water status below which crop water stress occurred was also identified. The gravimetric-based daily evapotranspiration (ETa) and the time domain reflectometry (TDR)-based root water-uptake (RWU) rates showed a high correlation during the drying when the evaporation flux is minimal. Moreover, the effects of soil bulk density on the root density and the plant biomass were evaluated, indicating the importance of carrying out a homogeneous procedure of the pot-filling process.
New approaches in GMO detection Querci, Maddalena; Van den Bulcke, Marc; Žel, Jana ...
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry,
03/2010, Letnik:
396, Številka:
6
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The steady rate of development and diffusion of genetically modified plants and their increasing diversification of characteristics, genes and genetic control elements poses a challenge in analysis ...of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). It is expected that in the near future the picture will be even more complex. Traditional approaches, mostly based on the sequential detection of one target at a time, or on a limited multiplexing, allowing only a few targets to be analysed at once, no longer meet the testing requirements. Along with new analytical technologies, new approaches for the detection of GMOs authorized for commercial purposes in various countries have been developed that rely on (1) a smart and accurate strategy for target selection, (2) the use of high-throughput systems or platforms for the detection of multiple targets and (3) algorithms that allow the conversion of analytical results into an indication of the presence of individual GMOs potentially present in an unknown sample. This paper reviews the latest progress made in GMO analysis, taking examples from the most recently developed strategies and tools, and addresses some of the critical aspects related to these approaches.
High-Throughput Systems (HTS) are utilised predominantly in pharmaceutical and food industry as well as medical technology. Those rigidly linked systems with large outputs of up to 100,000 samples ...per day are used for screening or synthesis. The usage of HTS enables major increases in quantities and decreases in throughput time. With regard of testing materials in a HTS flexible processes and process inherent restrictions have to be controlled. Currently it has not been researched whether a logistical control method which is able to deal with these requirements exist. Due to this, in this early approach the influence of order release and sequence planning in a HTS with occurring ad hoc changes like partial testing and re-routing is considered and evaluated. The results demonstrate indicators for the development of a new generation of logistical control methods which enable production systems to produce a high number of variants in high volume.
Autofocusing is a key building block in the modern automated high-throughput systems for a quantitative analysis of microscopy images. For that reason, it has received great attention, and diverse ...autofocus algorithms have been proposed in the literature. A fast autofocus algorithm is presented in order to build a real-time system for diagnosing the sputum smear samples. The method involves transforming the sputum smear fluorescence images from a multibit to a 1 bit/pixel representation. This results in a substantial reduction in the computational cost, while maintaining a good focusing performance. Experimental results are presented to validate the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed method.
In this paper the design and first experimental results of surface mountable bandpass filters in the L- and C- bands are presented. Used for frequency converters in High Throughput Satellite (HTS) ...systems, the L-band filter is centred at 960MHz with 500MHz bandwidth (FBW=52%) while the C- band filter is centred at 5.35GHz with 2.5GHz bandwidth (FBW=47%). The results presented in this paper are the outcomes of an ESA ARTES AT project called SUMO ('Surface Mountable Filters for Frequency Converters'). Pre-distorted filter characteristics are proposed for both L- and C-band architectures in order to obtain flatter in-band responses (IL- flatness<1dB). Concerning the L-band filter, two solutions are proposed and compared by combining commercial SMD lumped components with customized LTCC elements. About the C-Band filter, a distributed solution based on edge-coupled quarter- wavelength resonators is proposed. Before the fabrication of the final engineering models, multiple prototypes have been designed in order to test the LTCC fabrication process and materials used for LTCC architectures. The results of these preliminary analyses are shown in this paper.
As technology scales and VLSI systems become more and more complex, both bus and crossbar-based architectures are no longer suitable for implementing communications between the system components. ...Thus, a specific NoC is needed so as to meet the user-defined constraints (area, bandwidth, energy dissipation) while ensuring system reliability. The NoC design flow which is presented in 1 addresses related research problems and includes solutions to cope with them. In this paper, we present a quite different NoC design flow that targets the following features: i) the NoC is customized and distributed; ii) the generated NoC architecture is dedicated to design either real-time systems or high-throughput ones while meeting the area and power dissipation constraints; iii) the system reliability problem is addressed.
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